Chizindikiro ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana . Siphila ndi matenda a bakiteriya amene amachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Zitha kukhala zoopsa, ngakhale zowononga ngati sizikuchitidwa, koma mankhwalawa ndi ovuta kuchiza ndi kuchiza kamodzi kachilombo kawoneka. HIV, mosiyana, imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo. Zitha kuchiritsidwa, zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti HIV isagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Matenda a kachilombo ndi kachilombo ka HIV ali ndi zinthu zambiri zofanana. Kumayambiriro kwa kachilombo ka HIV, onse awiri amavutika kuzindikira popanda thandizo lachipatala. Matenda oyambirira a syphilis ndi zopweteka. Ngati sichikuoneka, akusowa mosavuta. Matenda atsopano omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kawirikawiri sakhala ndi zizindikilo, ndipo HIV singayambitse zizindikiro zazikulu kwa zaka kapena zaka zambiri. Kuonjezera apo, matenda aliwonse akhala akudziwikiratu kuti apangitse munthu kukhala wochuluka . Zilonda za khungu zimathandiza kuti HIV ikhale yosavuta. HIV imafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi m'njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonekere.
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti pangakhale kusiyana kotere pakati pa kadoyo ndi kachirombo ka HIV kuposa momwe kale ankadziwira. Zina zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda. Zina zimagwirizana ndi matenda komanso khalidwe la kugonana.
Kulimbana ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi kachirombo ka HIV?
Mu 2017, gulu la asayansi linazindikira kuti kachilombo ka tizilombo kanali kukwera mofulumira kuposa matenda ena a mabakiteriya pakati pa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna.
Mpakana pomwepo, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti chithandizo cha kachirombo ka HIV chinayambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV chifukwa cha makhalidwe. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chikhulupiriro chofala chinali chakuti chifukwa chakuti amuna amadziwa kuti mankhwala opatsirana a HIV ndi prophylaxis amachepetsera chiopsezo cha kachirombo ka HIV, amakhala osagonana kwambiri.
Izi zowonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana osati HIV. Komabe, ngati chiwerengero cha syphilis chikula mofulumira kusiyana ndi ziwerengero zina za STD, chinthu chinanso chikhoza kuchitika.
Ofufuzawa anaganiza kuti HAART ingasinthe mmene chitetezo cha mthupi chimayendera matenda. Mwachindunji, iwo amaganiza kuti kusintha kumeneku kungapangitse kukhudzidwa kwa mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa chisa. Izi zikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake chiwerengero cha tizilombo tinkakwera mofulumira kusiyana ndi mitengo ya chlamydia ndi gonorrhea . Izi zinati, kufufuza kunali koyambirira, ndipo panali zina zotheka. Zina mwazinthu, madokotala sangakhale ogwira ntchito pofufuza anthu pofuna kuteteza matendawa ndi chlamydia kusiyana ndi HIV ndi syphilis. Komabe, ndi funso loyenerera kufufuza kwina.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti HAART ndi maganizo oipa? Ayi ndithu. Kuchiza koyambirira sikofunika kuti munthu akhale ndi thanzi labwino , komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa HIV. Zimatero, komabe zikutanthauza kuti pakufunika kupitiliza maphunziro pokhudzana ndi chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana osati HIV, makamaka pankhani ya chithandizo. Kumeneko kumafunikiranso kuwonetsetsa bwino komanso kowoneka bwino kwa chisa.
Kuyanjanitsa kachirombo ka HIV ndi Kupewa kachirombo ka HIV
Chinthu chinanso chofunika kwambiri pakumvetsetsa chiyanjano pakati pa syphilis ndi kachirombo ka HIV ndicho kuzindikira kuti kukula kwatsopano kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana kumaimira mwayi woteteza.
Magulu angapo a ofufuza apeza kuti amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM) omwe angowatenga kachilombo amakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga HIV.
Tanthauzo lake? Gwiritsani ntchito matenda opatsirana atsopano kuti muyambe kupeza mwayi wopeza abambo ku pre-exposure prophylaxis ( PrEP ). Kupereka amuna omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ndi PrEP kungachepetse chiopsezo chawo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a Edzi powachitira chithandizo pasanafike. Kupititsa patsogolo anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kungapangitsenso PrEP kukhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri, chifukwa amachititsa kuti chithandizochi chifike kwa anthu omwe amafunikira kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, kugwiritsira ntchito MSM ndi matenda a syphilis kumatchula anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu omwe ali opezeka ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana komanso osagonana mosamala.
Mawu Ochokera
Chilombo ndi HIV ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, koma kufanana kwawo kungayambitse mavuto ambiri. Choncho, ndikofunika kuwonetsera kufunika kwa kuyang'ana ndi kupewa. Palibe matenda awa omwe amawoneka mosavuta popanda ulendo wa dokotala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyang'ana kwa STD nthawi zonse kuyenera kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense amene ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda opatsirana pogonana, kuphatikizapo kachilombo ndi HIV. Matendawa onse ndi otetezedwa ngati anthu nthawi zonse amachita zachiwerewere . Kulimbikitsa anthu kuyesera kuchita zimenezi kuyenera kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ndizoona ngakhale pamene sangathe kukhala angwiro. Ndipotu, matenda opatsirana pogonana sali ofalitsidwa nthawi iliyonse pamene wina wagonana . Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuiwala kugwiritsira ntchito kondomu pamene mukukumana ndizomwe sikuli chifukwa chabwino chopewera kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu mukamawaonanso.
Komabe, kufufuza nthawi zonse ndi njira zogonana zosagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse sizomwe mungasankhe. Sikuti aliyense ali ndi mwayi wodalirika. Sikuti aliyense ali ndi kuthekera kokambirana zogonana mosamala. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake nkofunika kuzindikira zogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zina, monga pre-exposure prophylaxis ndi chithandizo monga kupewa. N'kofunikanso kuvomereza kuti palibe amene ali ndi khalidwe langwiro. Odziwa ntchito amafunika kuthandiza anthu kuchita zomwe angathe kuti azikhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kuposa chibadwa kuti awalange chifukwa chochita zomwe madokotala ndi aphunzitsi amaganiza kuti ayenera.
> Zotsatira:
> Girometti N, Gutierrez A, Nwokolo N, McOwan A, Whitlock G. Matenda akuluakulu a kachilombo ka HIV mwa amuna omwe amagonana ndi abambo pambuyo poyezetsa kachilombo koyambirira: kodi pali malo omwe angapangire chithandizo choyambirira? Zosintha Zogonana. 2017 Aug; 93 (5): 320-322. onetsani: 10.1136 / sextrans-2016-052865.
> Rekart ML, Ndifon W, Brunham RC, Dushoff J, Park SW, Rawat S, Cameron CE. Lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse: kodi mankhwala othandizira kwambiri a antiretroviral amathandiza kuti kachilombo ka HIV kasokoneze chitetezo kwa Treponema pallidum? Zosintha Zogonana. 2017 Aug; 93 (5): 374-378. onetsani: 10.1136 / sextrans-2016-052870.
> Solomon MM, Mayer KH, Glidden DV, Liu AY, McMahan VM, Guanira JV, Chariyalertsak S, Fernandez T, Grant RM; Pulogalamu Yophunzira ya iPrEx. Syphilis imalongosola za chiopsezo cha HIV pakati pa amuna ndi abambo a transgender amene amagonana ndi amuna preexposure prophylaxis. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Oct; 59 (7): 1020-6. do: 10.1093 / cid / ciu450.
> Tuddenham S, Shah M, Ghanem KG. Chizindikiro ndi kachilombo ka HIV: Kodi HAART ili mkati mwa mliriwu? Zosintha Zogonana. 2017 Aug; 93 (5): 311-312. onetsani: 10.1136 / sextrans-2016-052940.