Kodi njira ya PrEP ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuteteza HIV kuntchito?
Valtrex (valacyclovir) , Zovirax (acyclovir), ndi Famvir (famciclovir) ndi mankhwala atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira mawere . Anthu omwe ali ndi herpes nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi nawo kuti ngati chiwombankhanga ndi kupweteka kumayamba, amatha kuyamba maphunziro nthawi yomweyo ndi kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kuopsa kwake.
Pamene chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka ndi chachikulu kwambiri pakakhala zilonda zooneka, ndikofunika kuteteza kuphulika kuti asapatsire ena kachilomboka.
Koma, ngakhale palibe zizindikiro zowonekeratu, kachilombo ka HIV kanathabe. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mavuto omwe maanja amakumana nawo pamene mnzawo ali ndi herpes ndipo winayo sali.
Ndi chifukwa chake ena omwe sagwirizana nawo atha kugwiritsa ntchito Valtrex musanagonane, poganiza kuti kuchita zimenezi kungachepetse chiopsezo chawo. Ndizoloŵezi kaŵirikaŵiri wotchedwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP ) imene mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera matenda.
Ndizochita zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera kachilombo ka HIV , koma kodi zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku herpes?
Kumvetsetsa Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Ndi HIV PrEP, kugwiritsira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kwa mankhwala a Truvada (tenofovir plus emtricitabine) kungachepetse chiopsezo cha munthu chotenga HIV ndi 90 peresenti kapena kuposa. Zimatero mwa kukhalabe ndi Truvada m'magazi kuti, ngati kachilombo ka HIV kakuwoneke, mankhwalawa akhoza kutseketsa mwamsanga pa malo owonetsera.
Pofuna kupanga njirayi, komabe munthu amafunika kumwa mankhwalawa mosalekeza, masiku asanu ndi awiri pa sabata.
Pali umboni wina woti amuna ogonana ndi amuna angathe kutetezedwa mokwanira ndi mlingo umodzi wokha pa mlungu uliwonse. Azimayi, pambali ina, angafunike kuti azitsatira mwatsatanetsatane kuti athandizidwe. (Kafukufuku wa labwino wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa alipo kwambiri mu minofu yambiri yomwe imakhala yochulukirapo, pofotokoza kusiyana kwa chitetezo.)
Komabe, malinga ndi momwe amachitira herpes, pakhala pali kafukufuku wochepa phindu loyambitsana ndi mankhwala a herpes. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti herpes sakhala ndi chiopsezo chofanana cha imfa ndi matenda monga HIV. Koma kodi izi zokha zimatifotokozera chifukwa chake sitinayang'anitsitse kwambiri chiyembekezocho?
Mavuto kwa Zilonda Zakale Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Kuyambira chaka cha 2003, wopanga Valtrex anachita maphunziro kuti aone ngati kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku mankhwalawa ndi wopereka kachilomboka kungapereke chitetezo kwa munthu wosatetezeka. Chimene iwo apeza, chosadabwitsa, chinali chakuti, patapita miyezi isanu ndi itatu, mlingo wa 500 mg wa valtrex tsiku lililonse unachepetsa chiopsezo cha 48 peresenti.
Pakalipano, palibe phunziro ili lochitidwa kuti liwone ngati chomwecho chidzachitike ngati zinthu zidzatuluke, ndipo wokondedwa yemwe sanatengeke anatenga Valtrex mmalo mwake. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi ndi chophweka: zikanakhala zosayenera kuti muchite zimenezo. Ngati chilolezocho chikanatha, wothandizirayo akanaperekedwa molakwika, ndipo izi zikanakhala zolakwika.
Ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe tikudziwa pokhudza mankhwalawa, zikanatha kulephera. Kwa herpes PrEP kuti agwire ntchito, mankhwalawa amayenera kukhala m'magazi pamagulu okwera kuti apereke chishango cha chitetezo, ndipo ndi momwe chitsanzocho chikanatha kugwa.
Ndi masamu ophweka. Valacyclovir, acyclovir, ndi famciclovir aliyense amakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a 2.5 mpaka 3.3 maola ndi theka la moyo wa 10, kutanthauza kuti amathamangitsidwa mthupi mwamsanga. Ndili ndi Truvada, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi maola 17 ndipo ndi theka la moyo wopitirira 60. HIV PrEP imagwira ntchito chifukwa chakuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhalabe olimba kwa nthawi yayitali pakati pa mlingo.
Kuti Valtrex achite chimodzimodzi, munthu ayenera kutenga mlingo uliwonse tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi sizikanakhala zopanda phindu, komabe sizingapezeke kuti makondomu amapereka chitetezo ku zitsamba zoberekera.
Monga chida chopewera, makondomu ali opanda ungwiro , koma ndi ovuta kutsatirapo kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo tsiku ndi tsiku.
HIV PrEP monga Herpes PrEP?
Chochititsa chidwi, asayansi posachedwapa adapeza kuti, pokhala mgwirizano wapadera, anthu omwe amatenga HIV PrEP anali 33 peresenti yocheperapo kuti apeze tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo kusiyana ndi omwe sanali.
Komabe, pofuna kukwaniritsa phindu limeneli, munthuyo ayenera kukhalabe wothandizira kwambiri mankhwala, ntchito yovuta kuposa yomwe ikuwoneka . Monga njira yothetsera kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mosasamala za kachilombo ka HIV, ndiye kuti pangakhale chiopsezo chokhala ndi zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo (kuphatikizapo kupweteka kwa impso ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafupa).
Poganizira izi, njira yabwino yopewera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizofunikira komanso zofunika:
- Gwiritsani ntchito makondomu nthawi zonse ngati pali zilonda kapena ayi.
- Lembetsani chiwerengero chanu chogonana.
- Pewani kugonana ngati pali zilonda zooneka kapena zilonda zozungulira mawere, anus, kapena pakamwa.
> Zotsatira:
> Bonnar, P. "Kupatsa valacyclovir mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa kupatsirana kwa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda: Kodi ndondomeko yabwino ya thanzi labwino?" McGill J Med. 2009; 12 (1): 39-46. PMCID: PMC2687913.
> Celum, C ;; Morrow R .: Donnell, D. et al. "Tsiku lililonse tenofovir ndi emtricitabine-tenofovir preexposure prophylaxis amachepetsa herpes simplex kachilombo ka mtundu 2 kupeza pakati pa amuna ndi akazi omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV / 1: gulu laling'ono loyesa kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane." Ann Intern Med . 2014; 161 (1): 11-9. DOI: 10.7326 / M13-2471.
> Heinine, W. ndi Kashuba, A. "Kupewa HIV ndi Mlomo Preexposure Prophylaxis." Mphepo ya Harb Perspect Med. 2012; 2 (3): a007419. DOI: 10.1101 / cshperspect.a007419.
> Magaret, A .; Mujugira, A .; Hughes, J. et al. "Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kondomu pa Zochita Zachilengedwe HSV-2 Kutumiza Kuopsa kwa HIV-1, HSV-2-Okwatirana." Clin Infect Dis. 2016; 62 (4): 456-61. DOI 10.1093 / cid / civ908.
> Marcus, J .; Glidden, D .; McMahan, V. et al. "Tsiku lililonse emtricitabine / tenofovir pre-exposure prophylaxis ndi kachilombo ka herpes simplex 2 pakati pa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna." PLoS One. 2014; 9 (3): e91513. DOI: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0091513.