Kwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, mankhwala amasiku ano adayamba kwambiri pakuchiza mitundu yonse ya matenda a mtima, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima masiku ano amakhala ndi moyo wochuluka kwambiri, wochuluka kwambiri kuposa anthu omwe anafanana nawo m'mibadwo yakale. Koma kusangalala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kumadalira zambiri kuposa zomwe madokotala anu amakuchitirani.
Kwambiri, zimadalira zomwe mumadzichitira nokha. Chifukwa kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndi matenda a mtima kumafuna khama.
Ngati mwauzidwa kuti muli ndi matenda a mtima, pali zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira, ndipo zambiri muyenera kuzichita. Muyenera kuphunzira zambiri momwe mungathere ndi matenda anu a mtima komanso za mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani. Muyenera kuphunzira zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuziyang'anira. Ndipo, mwachiwonekere mudzayenera kusintha zina zomwe zingakhale zovuta.
Ndi anthu amene amachita zinthu zonsezi-omwe amadziletsa okhaokha-omwe amakhala moyo wathanzi, wathanzi kwambiri ndi matenda a mtima.
Dziwani Matenda a Mtima Wanu
"Matenda a mtima" ndi mawu osamveka bwino. Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda a mtima , ndipo mitundu yambiri idzawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kusiyana kwa munthu ndi zizindikiro zake, kuuma kwake, chithandizo chake, ndi matenda ake.
Choncho chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kuzichita ndi kuphunzira momwe mungathere pa matenda anu, momwe mulili ndi vuto lanu, ndi zomwe mungachite kuti muzitha kuchepetsa kapena kuimitsa patsogolo. Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chokwanira, mutha kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu pakupanga zisankho za chisamaliro chanu chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.
Mitundu yambiri ya matenda a mtima ndi:
- Matenda a mitsempha ya Coronary ndi matenda a mtima
- Kulephera kwa mtima
- Matenda a mtima wa valve
- Cardiac arrhythmias
Kuwonjezera pa kuphunzira zomwe mungathe pokhudza matenda anu, muyenera kuphunzira zonse zomwe mungathe pazochitika zina zamankhwala zomwe mungakhale nazo, chifukwa izi zingakhudze kwambiri zotsatira zanu. Pali zovuta zambiri zomwe zimakhudza makamaka matenda a mtima, koma awiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa . Muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za nkhaniyi.
Phunzirani Zokhudza Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zogwirizana ndi matenda a mtima ndi zofunika pa zifukwa ziwiri.
Choyamba, ndithudi, zizindikiro ndi chikhalidwe chawo ndi zosasangalatsa ndi zosokoneza, ndipo cholinga chachikulu cha kuchiza vuto lililonse la mankhwala ndi kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsa.
Koma chachiwiri, zizindikiritso zingapereke chidziwitso chofunikira kwa inu ndi dokotala-kuti chikhalidwe chanu cha mtima chingasinthe. Iwo akhoza kukuchenjezani inu nonse kuti mwinamwake chinachake chiyenera kumachitidwa kuti kubwezeretsa zinthu pa njira yowakhazikika.
Kotero kusasamala kusintha kwa zizindikiro zanu, kuyembekezera kuti zidzatha, ndizolakwika. Zingachititse kuti vuto lanu la mtima liwonjezeke mpaka kalekale.
Pa chifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kudziŵa zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana ndi matenda a mtima wanu ndi kuwawuza dokotala ngati mutakumana nawo.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a mtima ingayambitse mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zizindikiro. Koma zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka ndi matenda a mtima zimaphatikizapo:
- Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupweteka pachifuwa
- Dyspnea (kupuma pang'ono)
- Kutopa kapena kufooka
- Palpitations
- Lightheadedness
- Syncope
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
Zizindikiro zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri, ndipo siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Ngati mutakumana ndi aliyense wa iwo, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izo.
Kusintha Moyo Wanu
Zambiri za moyo wathu zimakhudza mtima wathu thanzi. Pakhoza kukhala njira zina za moyo zomwe muyenera kuzichita zomwe zidzakhala zofunika kwambiri kwa matenda a mtima omwe muli nawo.
Koma, kawirikawiri, pali kusintha kwambiri kwa moyo umene tonsefe tiyenera kuchita chifukwa cha mitima yathu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kudya zakudya zogwira mtima
- Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino
- Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi
- Siyani kusuta
- Phunzirani kuthetsa nkhawa
Za Kuchita Zochita
Akatswiri a zapamwamba akuphunzira zambiri tsiku ndi tsiku za kufunika kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima. Kwa anthu ambiri maseŵera olimbitsa thupi angakhale mankhwala abwino kwambiri.
Onetsetsani kuti mukambirane zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi dokotala, kuti mudziwe zochita zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zingakhale zopindulitsa kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima wanu, komanso momwe mungayambitsire bwinobwino. Kwa anthu ambiri, kuyamba ndi pulogalamu yowonetsera mtima ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yoyambira.
Zokhudzana ndi Kupanikizika
tsopano ndizosangalatsa kuti mitundu ina ya kupsinjika maganizo imatha kuwononga mtima . Koma popeza kupsyinjika ndi gawo labwino la moyo, kulangiza anthu kupeŵa kupanikizika sikungathandize konse. M'malo mwake, muyenera kuphunzira njira zothetsera mavuto omwe simungapewe.
Funsani Mankhwala
Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zochitika zambiri zamakono zachipatala zomwe zakhala zikuchitika m'mbuyomu. Choncho, zikutheka kuti dokotala wanu adzalangizira mankhwala angapo kwa inu.
Makamaka pamakhala mankhwala amtima, ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muwatenge nthawi ndi nthawi. Pali njira zambiri ndi njira zothandizira kumwa mankhwala popanda kusowa mankhwala kapena kumwa kwambiri. Muyenera kupeza kachitidwe kachitidwe kamene kamakugwiritsani ntchito, ndikutsatira.
Zida Zamakono
Zipangizo zamakono zamagetsi zimakonzedwa ndi makampani angapo. Izi zikulonjeza kukhala zothandiza kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima. Zambiri mwa matekinoloje ameneŵa zakhala zikupezeka kale ndipo zingakhale zothandiza kwa inu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Makina owonetsetsa kuti magazi azitsatira
- Zingwe zopanda zingwe zomwe zingathe kulemba ndi kusunga kulemera kwanu pakapita nthawi
- Owunika ntchito omwe akukulimbikitsani kuti mupitirize kugwira ntchito, monga Fitbit kapena Apple Watch
- Owonetsa mapiritsi a mtima omwe angakuzindikire ngati chiwombankhanga cha mtima wanu chikudutsa pamtunda wina wotsimikizika, monga Apple Watch
Ganizirani Kulowa Magulu Othandizira
Ziyenera kukhala zomveka kuti, nthawi zina, kukhala bwino ndi matenda a mtima kungathe kukhala vuto lalikulu. Kulimbana ndi mtundu woterewu kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri kugwirizanitsa magulu a anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto omwewo, komanso omwe apeza njira zosiyanasiyana zolimbana nazo.
Muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu (kapena kuyang'ana pa webusaiti ya chipatala chapafupi) za magulu othandizira ammudzi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, ndipo ganizirani olowa limodzi. Webusaiti ya American Heart Association ingakuthandizeninso kupeza magulu othandizira ammudzi, komanso magulu a pa Intaneti omwe mungawathandize.
> Zotsatira:
> Berry JD, Dyer A, Cai X, et al. Zowononga Moyo wa Matenda a Mtima. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 321.
> Anagwira C, Iqbal R, Lear SA, et al. Maseŵera Ogwira Ntchito Zathupi, Uli Wabwino Wazinthu Kulimbikitsa Kukhalira Kwaokha Ndi Kuopsa kwa Myocardial Infarction: Zotsatira za Phunziro la INTERHEART. Mtima; 33: 452.
> Laslett LJ, Alagona P Jr, Clark BA 3rd, et al. Malo Ozungulira Padziko Lonse a Matenda a Maganizo: Kukula, Kuzindikira, Kuchiza, ndi Mavuto Atsankho: Lipoti Yochokera ku American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60: S1.