Zomwe Zimakhudza Kupambana kwa Chithandizo
Dokotala wabwino amachiza matendawa; dokotala wamkulu amachiza wodwalayo yemwe ali ndi matenda ~ William Osler (Canadian Physician, 1849-1919)
Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo zomwe odwala akufuna kuti akumane ndi dokotala? Mu malingaliro a dokotala wina (Delbanco, 1992) :
- Odwala amafuna kukhulupilira luso lawo ndi luso la osamalira awo.
- Odwala amafuna kukambirana bwinobwino zaumoyo komanso kulandira ulemu ndi ulemu.
- Odwala akufuna kumvetsa momwe matenda awo kapena chithandizo chawo chidzakhudzire miyoyo yawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amawopa kuti madokotala awo sakuwauza chirichonse chimene akufuna kudziwa.
- Odwala akufuna kukambirana momwe matenda awo angakhudzire banja lawo, abwenzi awo, ndi ndalama zawo.
- Odwala amadera nkhawa za m'tsogolo.
- Odwala amadera nkhaŵa ndipo amafuna kuphunzira momwe angadzisamalire okha kuchoka kuchipatala.
- Odwala amafuna madokotala kuganizira za ululu wawo, kukhumudwa, ndi kulemala .
Ubale
Chiyanjano pakati pa wodwala ndi dokotala chayesedwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Asanafike pamene mankhwala anali sayansi yoposa zamaluso, madokotala anayesetsa kuti ayambe kuyendetsa pambali pa mphasa, monga momwe kuchiza kunali kosavuta ndipo mankhwala anali opanda mphamvu.
Pakati pa zaka zana pamene sayansi ndi zamakono zinayamba, mbali zina za chithandizo chamankhwala zinaphimbidwa.
Tsopano palinso chidwi chatsopano cha mankhwala monga chikhalidwe cha anthu. Dokotala akhoza kuvulaza wodwalayo mochuluka phokoso la mawu monga phokoso la mpeni.
Zida Zoimbira ndi Zofotokozera
Ubale wa dokotala-wodwala umadutsa miyeso iwiri:
- chida
- kufotokozera
Cholinga cha "chida" chimaphatikizapo luso la adokotala pochita zinthu zowonjezera monga:
Chigawo chofotokozerachi chimasonyeza chithandizo chamankhwala, kuphatikizapo gawo lokhudzana ndi chiyanjano monga chifundo ndi chifundo, ndi momwe dokotala akuyendera wodwalayo.
Odwala Wachilendo-Dokotala Maubwenzi Achiyanjano
Ntchito - Mtengo Wosasinthasintha - Osati Mtengo Wopambana wa Matenda Odwala Ambiri
Ndi lingaliro la anthu ena kuti kusiyana kwa mphamvu pakati pa wodwala ndi dokotala n'kofunika kuti pakhale chithandizo chamankhwala chokhazikika. Wodwala amafufuza uthenga ndi chithandizo, ndipo dokotala amapanga zosankha zomwe wodwalayo ayenera kuvomereza. Ngakhale kuti izi zikuwoneka bwino muzochitika zachipatala, chitsanzo ichi, chomwe chimadziwika kuti chochitika-chosaoneka bwino, chatayika kwambiri pochiza matenda aakulu, monga nyamakazi ya nyamakazi ndi lupus . Mu chitsanzochi, dokotala amachiza wodwalayo mwamphamvu, koma wodwalayo alibe chidwi ndipo alibe mphamvu.
Chitsogozo-Chitsanzo Chogwirizanitsa - Chitsanzo Chofala Kwambiri
Chitsogozo-chitsanzo cha mgwirizano ndicho chofala kwambiri pa zamankhwala zamakono. Mu chitsanzochi, dokotala amalimbikitsa chithandizo ndipo wodwalayo amagwirizana. Izi zimagwirizana ndi "adokotala amadziwa bwino" zomwe adokotala amachirikiza komanso osakhala ovomerezeka, komabe ali ndi udindo wosankha chithandizo choyenera.
Wodwala, pokhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, akuyembekezeretsatira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala.
Chitsanzo cha Kuyanjana Kwachiwiri - Udindo Wagawana
Mu chitsanzo chachitatu, kugwirizanitsa pamodzi , dokotala ndi wodwalayo ali ndi udindo wopanga zisankho ndi kukonza njira yopangira chithandizo. Wodwala ndi dokotala amalemekeza wina ndi mzake kuyembekezera, malingaliro, ndi zoyenera.
Ena adanena kuti iyi ndiyo njira yoyenera kwambiri yodwala matenda aakulu, monga matenda a rhumum ndi lupus, kumene odwala ali ndi udindo wogwiritsira ntchito chithandizo chawo ndikuzindikira momwe zimakhalira.
Kusintha kumeneku kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti dokotala ndi wodwalayo azilankhulana momasuka.
Kodi Choonadi Ndi Chitsanzo Chabwino cha Matenda Odwala Matenda Achilendo Otani?
Akatswiri ena owona za ubongo angaganize kuti chitsanzo choyanjana ndi dokotala ndi odwala palipakati pakati pa chitsogozo-mgwirizano komanso kutenga nawo mbali. Zoona, chikhalidwe cha ubale wa chigwirizano cha dokotala chikhoza kusintha nthawi. Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi, panthawi ya matenda, maphunziro ndi chitsogozo ndi othandiza pophunzira kuthetsa matendawa. Pokhazikitsa ndondomeko ya mankhwala, wodwalayo amatha kupita ku chitsanzo chokhazikitsa nawo limodzi pokhapokha atayang'ana zizindikiro zawo, kuyankha mavuto, ndikugwira ntchito ndi dokotala kuti asinthe ndondomeko yawo ya mankhwala.
Mphamvu ya Chithandizo
Kupambana kwa mankhwala makamaka kumadalira wodwalayo akuchita zomwe adokotala amamuuza (ie, kutsatira). Mankhwala odwala matenda a nyamakazi angaphatikizepo:
- kutenga mankhwala oyenera
- machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndi zolimbikitsa
- njira zotetezera pamodzi
- mankhwala achilengedwe
- njira zopereka zopweteka
- zakudya zotsutsa-kutupa
- kulemetsa
- mankhwala othandizira
Kusagwirizana ndi ndondomeko ya chithandizo kukuwonetsa zotsatira zoipa, ndi lingaliro lakuti:
- chithandizo chili choyenera ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chogwira ntchito
- Pali mgwirizano pakati pa kutsata ndi thanzi labwino
- wodwalayo amatha kuchita ndondomeko ya mankhwala
Kodi zotsatira za Wodwala Wotheka-Dotolo Ubale?
Pamene mgwirizano wa dokotala ndi wodwala umaphatikizapo luso komanso kulankhulana, nthawi zambiri pamakhala bwino kutsatira chithandizo. Pamene kumamatira bwino mankhwala akuphatikizidwa ndi kukhutira ndichisangalalo ndi chisamaliro, KUSANKHA KWAUZIMU NDI CHIKHALIDWE CHOPHUNZITSIRA CHA MOYO ndi zotsatira zoyenera. Zotsatira: Kupambana kwa chithandizo kungakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi ubale wa odwala-wodwala.
Chitsime:
Kumvetsetsa Chifuwa cha Matenda a Nyamakazi ya Stanton Newman, Ray Fitzpatrick, Tracey A. Revenson, Suzanne Skevington, ndi Gareth Williams. Lofalitsidwa ndi Routledge. 1996.