Kodi zizindikiro za autism zingakhale zotani?
Palibe mankhwala omwe amatchedwa "late-autumn autism." Ndipotu, DSM-5, yomwe imalembera ndi kufotokozera mavuto onse okhudzana ndi chitukuko ndi m'maganizo, imanena momveka bwino kuti "Kuyamba kwa zizindikiro kumayambiriro oyambirira."
Komabe pali nkhani zambiri zokhudzana ndi ana omwe amawoneka kuti akuyambiranso msinkhu wawo atangoyamba kumene.
Ndipo pali anthu ambiri omwe amawoneka kuti ali ndi zizindikiro za autistic monga achinyamata kapena akuluakulu.
Choncho kodi autism kapena mofulumira-auty onsewa alipo? Kodi tikudziwa chiyani panthawiyi?
Palibe Achikulire Kapena Achikulire Angathe Kukulitsa Autism
Choyamba, mwa kutanthawuza, ana okalamba, achinyamata, ndi akulu sakhala ndi autism. Ndipotu, kuti muyenere kukhala ndi vutolo , mumayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimayambira ali mwana (kutanthauza zaka zitatu zisanafike). Choncho, ngati mumudziwa mwana wamkulu kapena wamkulu yemwe mwadzidzidzi, mwabuluu, akukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino kapena oyankhulana , simukuwona munthu amene ali ndi autism.
Anthu amene amawoneka mwadzidzidzi mwa njira ya "autistic" amatha kukhala ndi vuto linalake la matenda ena, omwe ena amapezeka nthawi yayitali. Zizolowezi za Autism zimatha chifukwa cha mavuto osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana ochokera kwa anthu omwe amakhala nawo pakati pa anthu ndi anzawo omwe amakhala ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha matenda osokoneza bongo.
Izi ndizovuta kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mphamvu za anthu kuti azigwira bwino ntchito, kupanga kapena kusunga anzanu, kapena kugwira ntchito, ndipo ayenera kuchiritsidwa. Koma iwo si autism.
Zizindikiro Zoyambirira Zomwe Ziyenera Kuzindikiridwa Patapita Mu Moyo
Chotsatira, ndikofunika kusiyanitsa pakati pa kuchedwa kwa zizindikiro ndi kuchedwa kwa zizindikiro.
Malingana ndi njira za matenda a DSM-5: "Zizindikiro ziyenera kukhalapo panthawi yoyambirira (koma sizingatheke kuwonetseredwa mpaka zofuna zaumphawi zisapitirire zochepa, kapena zikhoza kusokonezedwa ndi njira zodziŵira m'moyo wamtsogolo) ."
Mwachitsanzo, ngati autism ikugwira bwino ntchito , si zachilendo kwa mwana ( kapena wamkulu ) kuti adziŵe zambiri pamapeto pake kuposa ana ambiri amapezeka ndi autism -koma sikuti chifukwa chazidzidzidzi zimakhala zozizwitsa. M'malo mwake, zizindikiro ndizobisika kwambiri kuti ndi nthawi yokha yomwe zotsatira zawo zimakhala zoonekeratu. Zizindikiro zowonongeka ndizofala pakati pa atsikana, omwe amatha kutsata chitsogozo cha ena kapena kuti asamazindikire kuti ndi "osiyana."
Kugonana Kungakhale Kwenikweni Kapena Kuwonekera
Kwa zaka zingapo zapitazo, pakhala pali kutsutsana kwokhudzana ndi kuti vutoli ndi chinthu chenichenicho; ena akhala akudabwa ngati malipoti a makolo anali okwezedwa. Mavidiyo amavomereza, komabe, kuphatikizapo maphunziro, zimawonekeratu kuti ena mwa anawo amadzipangitsa kuti ayambe kukhala autism pomwe ena amasonyeza zizindikiro za autism kuyambira ali wakhanda kapena "plateau" mu chitukuko chawo.
Kafukufuku watsopano akuyang'ana ana aang'ono a ana omwe ali ndi autism m'miyezi yawo yoyambirira kwambiri akuzindikira kuti chidziwitso chachinsinsichi n'chofala.
Ngakhale makolo angazindikire nkhani monga kutayika kwa chinenero kapena kukhudzana ndi diso, ofufuza akuwona kuwonongeka kwazing'ono mmalo mwa luso la magalimoto ndi kuyanjana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Kugonjetsa koteroko kumachitika zaka zitatu zisanachitike: malinga ndi kafukufuku Lonnie Zwaigenbaum , "anthu oposa 20 mpaka 30 peresenti amakumbukira nthawi imene ana awo analephera kukhala ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso kuyankhulana m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo."
Pakalipano, palibe amene amadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto koma, malinga ndi kafukufuku Paulo Wang, "Tikuzindikira tsopano kuti vutoli ndilofala, likuyamba mofulumira, ndipo lingakhudze luso losiyana siyana."
Zotsatira:
> Autism Ayankhula. Ochita kafukufuku amanena kuti amadana ndi autism wamba, osinthasintha, mwinamwake konsekonse. Webusaiti. 2016.
> Barger, BD, Campbell, JM & McDonough, JD Kukula ndi kuyambiranso kwachidziwitso pakati pa vuto la autism spectrum: ndemanga yowonongeka. J Autism Dev Disord (2013) 43: 817. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1621-x DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1621-x
> Dobbs, David. Kugonjetsa molakwika mu autism. Spectrum News, August, 2017.