Kodi Zimapweteka Kufa?
Kodi imfa imapweteka? Ngati mukukumana ndi matenda othetsera matenda kapena wokondedwa wanu amene akuyandikira imfa, mwinamwake mumadandaula za ululu pamapeto a moyo. Kodi mumakhala ndi ululu? Kodi kupweteka kumayendetsedwa motani? Kodi chingachitike ngati ululu wanu suyendetsedwa bwino? Mafunso awa akhoza kukhumudwitsa kwambiri panthawi yomwe pali zisankho zoti mupange ndipo mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochuluka ndi achibale ndi anzanu ngati n'kotheka.
Kuopa Za Imfa Kukhala Wowawa
Chomvetsa chisoni, mantha a pakati pa anthu anawonjezeka pambuyo pa imfa ya Elizabeth Taylor yomwe inamvetsa chisoni kwambiri mu 2011. Ndi zoona kuti mbiri yakale-komanso ngakhale ululu wamapeto kumapeto kwa moyo suyenera kuchitidwa bwino. Koma siziyenera kukhala mwanjira imeneyo. Ululu kumapeto kwa moyo nthawi zonse ukhoza kulamuliridwa mpaka momwe anthu angamwalire mutonthozedwa, kaya kuchipatala kapena kunyumba.
Kawirikawiri Kumvetsa Chisoni Mwa Amene Akufa
Imfa si nthawi zonse yopweteka. Anthu ena amafa opanda ululu konse. Koma ena ali ndi zopweteka zambiri. Odwala oposa 35 peresenti amafotokoza ululu wawo sabata lomaliza la moyo ngati wovuta kapena wosatsutsika. Apanso, izi siziyenera kuchitika, ndipo zimaphwanya mitima yathu kulemba mawu awa. (Pansipa tidzagawana malangizo ena poonetsetsa kuti ululu wanu umachiritsidwa mokwanira.)
Kuchuluka kwa ululu umene mumakumana nawo kumasiyana malinga ndi momwe mumadziwira. Ndi khansa, anthu 90 peresenti amamva ululu panthawi ina paulendo wawo, ndipo theka la anthu akufa ndi khansa amakhala ndi ululu waukulu.
N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti theka la anthu amenewa amalandira ululu wodalirika. Apanso, siziyenera kukhala motere. Pali zifukwa zingapo izi, zomwe zikuphatikizapo anthu omwe sakufuna kapena kupempha mankhwala opweteka ndi madokotala omwe sadziwa kupereka mankhwala okwanira. Mwamwayi, kuyankhulana bwino komanso kukambirana mosamala zakumapeto kwa moyo kumatha kuthetsa mavuto ambiriwa.
Kugwidwa kwa Mapeto a Moyo Wosatha
Choyamba, ndikofunika kunena mobwerezabwereza kuti ululu ukhoza kuyenera kuchiritsidwa bwino kumapeto kwa moyo. Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization, odwala ali ndi ufulu kuti ululu wawo uchitidwe . Ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani anthu ena amamwalirabe? Zifukwa zina ndi izi:
- Kuopa kuledzera: Anthu omwe akufera, achibale awo, ndi akatswiri a zachipatala nthawi zambiri amaganizira kwambiri za vutoli. Koma izi siziyenera kukhala zodetsa kumapeto kwa moyo.
- Kupanda kulankhulana: Madokotala akuyenera kuzindikira kuti mukuvutika kuti mupangire mankhwala. Nthawi zina anthu amaganiza kuti ngati mankhwalawa akufunika, madokotala awo angapereke mankhwalawa choncho samapempha. Kumbukirani kuti madokotala sangathe kuwerenga malingaliro, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhalapo ndi munthu kwa kanthaŵi kochepa-osati nthawi yaitali kuti amvetse kuyamikira komwe munthu akukumana nawo.
- Kuopa kulekerera: Anthu ena amaopa kuti akamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala tsopano, mankhwalawa satha kugwira ntchito "pakadali pano." Izi siziri zoona ndipo ngati kuleza mtima kwa mankhwala kumakula, mankhwala othandiza kapena mankhwala osiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
- Kupanda maphunziro: Madokotala ena sanaphunzitsidwe bwino momwe angayendetsere ululu kumapeto kwa moyo.
- Chikhumbo chokhala wodwala wabwino: Anthu ena amakayikira kupempha mankhwala opweteka poopa kuti adzakhala "odwala" odwala kapena amawopseza dokotala wawo. Kumbukirani, madokotala akulipidwa kuti athetse ululu.
- Kuopa kuti mankhwala akufulumizitsa imfa: Kafukufuku apeza kuti kuthetsa ululu wa moyo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ngakhale kupweteka kwapadera sikufupikitsa moyo.
- Kutaya: Anthu ena amaopa kuvomereza kuti kupweteka kwawo kukukulirakulira chifukwa nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuti vuto lawo likukulirakulira.
- Zotsatira zoyamba za mankhwala opweteka: Mankhwala onse amakhala ndi zotsatira, ndipo zizindikiro monga kudzimbidwa, kugona, ndi nseru zingapangitse mankhwala opweteka osafunika. Kugona makamaka kungalepheretse anthu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okwanira pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochuluka momwe angathere ndi okondedwa awo.
- Mtengo: Mankhwala opweteka amawonjezera mtengo wina pamene ndalama zimakhala zolimba chifukwa cha matenda.
- Kuopa kwa dokotala : Madokotala angakhale osayesa kupereka odwala amphamvu chifukwa choopa kudzudzulidwa ndi mabungwe azachipatala.
Zotsatira za Mavuto Pa Mapeto a Moyo
Kuphatikiza pa kusokonezeka, ululu wosadziletsa ukhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zina zambiri zoipa. Mthupi, kupweteka kungapangitse zizindikiro zina monga kupuma ndi nkhawa. Kusokonezeka maganizo kungakulepheretseni kukwiya ndipo simungathe kuziganizira; zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhala ndi zokambirana zabwino ndi okondedwa anu. Mwauzimu iwo angakulepheretseni kumverera nokha ndi opanda kanthu. Zowawa zonse zingathe kulepheretsa kuonetsetsa kuti malamulo anu akuyendetsedwa bwino, ndikukonzekera, ndipo pomalizira pake, mutanena zabwino.
Kwa iwo amene akufa, ululu ukhoza kuwatha iwo nthawi yawo yotsiriza pano pa dziko lapansi. Kwa iwo otsalira, kukumbukira njira yakufa kudzatha kwa zaka zikubwerazi. Ngati nthawi imeneyo idawoneka ululu, ikhoza kubweretsa chisoni chachikulu .
Ulamuliro wa Mapeto a Moyo
Bungwe la World Health Organization laphatikizira pamodzi njira yopweteka yopweteka. Kuchita masitepe atatu okha kungathetsere zopweteka pafupifupi 80 peresenti mpaka 90 peresenti ya anthu. Kwa iwo omwe amafunikira kupumula koonjezereka, gawo lachinayi lingagwiritsidwe ntchito lomwe limaphatikizapo mankhwala monga mitsempha, mankhwala opatsirana, ndi zina zambiri. Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala ena monga machiritso ndi misala angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ochiritsira. Sitiyenera kuiwalika ndi zosowa zathu, zamaganizo, ndi zauzimu zomwe, zikayankhulidwa, zingathandize kwambiri kuthetsa ululu.
Mutha kuphunziranso zambiri za momwe mungasamalire kupweteka m'maganizo komanso mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchepetsa ululu wa khansa .
Kulankhulana ndi Dokotala Pazowawa
Pofuna kuchiza bwino ululu wanu, dokotala wanu ayenera kumvetsetsa za mtundu ndi kukula kwa ululu umene mukukumana nawo. Kuwonjezera pa kukupemphani kuti mufotokoze ululu wanu, afunanso kudziwa momwe zikukukhudzani. Mwachitsanzo, kodi zimasokoneza kudya, kugona, kapena kulankhula ndi okondedwa anu?
Nthawi zambiri madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomwe chimatchedwa kupweteka kwambiri , kuti azidzimva kuti ali ndi cholinga chochepa, komanso kuti awone zotsatira za mankhwala. Mutha kupemphedwa kufotokozera ululu wanu pamtunda wa 1 mpaka 10, ndi 1 kukhala wopanda ululu, ndipo 10 kukhala ululu kovuta omwe mungaganizire. Ngati simukudziwa momwe mungalankhulire ululu wanu, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti dokotala wanu sakudziwa bwino ululu umene mukukumana nawo, mungafune kufufuza zambiri za momwe mungalankhulire ndi dokotala za ululu .
Kulimbana ndi Ululu Pa Mapeto a Moyo
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti muwonetsetse kuti ululu wanu ukulamulidwa ndi kulankhula momasuka ndi moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu zomwe mukukumana nazo. Madokotala sali owerenga maganizo, ndipo ululu umakhala mosiyana kwa aliyense. Munthu mmodzi yemwe ali ndi khansa ya sitepe 4 akhoza kumva ululu koma wina samamva ululu konse.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala nthawi zonse komanso mozungulira koloko n'kofunikanso. Kuvutikira kupweteka kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuthana ndi kupweteka kumene kumachitika. Cholingacho chiyenera kukhala kuteteza kupweteka koopsa, m'malo mopitirira kumwa mankhwala mpaka mutangolephera kupirira. Ngati ali wokondedwa amene akufa, musaiwale mphamvu yogwira. Mantha akhoza kupweteka kwambiri kuvutika kwa ululu, ndipo mantha aakulu a iwo amene akufa akusiyidwa.
Mawu Ochokera
Palibe amene ayenera kufa ndi ululu wosadziletsa. Ndilo ufulu wanu walamulo ndi woyenera kulandila chithandizo chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi kuti muthetse nthawi yanu yapadziko lapansi ndi okondedwa anu. Palibe aliyense wa ife akufuna kufa. Padzakhala chisoni ndi chisoni. Koma aliyense wa ife ayenera kunena, kumalo otsatirawa: "Ndili ndi imfa yabwino."
> Zotsatira:
> Jackson, V., ndi L. Navbati. Kuganizira zamakhalidwe mukumva kupweteka kopweteka kumapeto kwa moyo. Zaposachedwa. Kusinthidwa 04/19/17. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/ethical-considerations-in-effective-pain-management-at-the-end-of-life
> Lim. R. End-of-Life Care kwa Odwala Amene Ali ndi Khansa Yambiri Yopangika. Kupititsa Patsogolo pa Matenda Opuma Opaleshoni . 2016. 10 (5): 455-67.
> Bungwe la Padziko Lonse la Umoyo. WHO yongolerani makwerero. http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/painladder/en/