Khansa ya lilime imapanga 2 peresenti ya khansa zonse, koma chiwerengerocho chimasiyana kwambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi. Khansara ya lilime imapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi ndipo ndi osowa pansi pa zaka 40.
Khansara ya lilime nthawi zambiri imagwera m'magulu awiri kapena mitundu ya khansa; khansa ya pakamwa kapena oropharyngeal. Pali mbali ziwiri za lilime.
Ambiri mwa iwo ndi gawo lomwe mumakonda kuona ndipo mukhoza kusuntha mwadzidzidzi. Ngati khansa imayambira m'gawo lino la lilime, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa khansa ya m'kamwa .
Gawo lachitatu la lilimi nthawi zina limatchedwa lilime la lilime. Ndi pafupi kwambiri ndi khosi lanu (pharynx). Ngati khansa imayambira m'gawo lino la lilime, nthawi zambiri imatchedwa khansa ya oropharyngeal. Ili ndilo gawo la lilime lanu lomwe likugwirizana kwambiri ndi minofu ina ndipo motero silingasunthike mwadzidzidzi. Inunso simungakhoze kuwona maziko a lirime lanu.
Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa, khansa ya lilime imapangidwanso ndi mtundu wa minofu yomwe imayambira. Maselo a squamous, mwachitsanzo, ndi otalika, osaphika, maselo apamwamba omwe amaphimba chilankhulo cha lilime. Khansara yomwe imabwera ndi minofu yotchedwa squamous cell carcinoma . Khansara ya lilime zambiri ndi squamous cell carcinoma, ngakhale pali zina, zosawerengeka, mitundu ya khansa ya lilime; iwo amatchulidwa ndi minofu kapena mawonekedwe omwe amachokera.
Zimayambitsa
Khansa imachitika pamene maselo ena amayamba kukula mosavuta komanso mofulumira kwambiri. Zinthu zambiri zingayambitse kapena kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa . Zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimapangitsa kuti khansa yanu ikhale ndi chiopsezo ndi:
- Kusuta fodya
- Mowa amagwiritsa ntchito
- Kuthamanga betel quid ndi gutka
- Matenda a papillomavirus (HPV)
- Amuna
- Zaka
- Mitundu ina ya majeremusi ya kuchepa kwa magazi
- Matenda otchedwa graft versus host host , omwe amapezeka kwa odwala ena omwe amatha kusinthasintha maselo
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za khansa ya lilime zingaphatikizepo izi:
- Zovuta kumeza kapena kulankhula
- Kumverera kuti pali chinachake mmero mwanu (mtanda kapena misa)
- Chikhure
- Zolemba zoyera kapena zofiira pa lirime lanu
- Kumverera kosauka m'kamwa mwako
- Magazi osadziwika kuchokera ku lilime lanu
Kawirikawiri, khansa ya zizindikiro za lilime zingaphatikizepo ululu wa khutu .
Nthawi yoitanira Dokotala Wanu
Muyenera kutchula dokotala wanu nthawi iliyonse yomwe muli ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya lilime. Onetsetsani kuti mumapita kwa dokotala wanu wa mano pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ngati dokotala wanu wa mano akhoza kuona zovuta zam'kamwa mwanu ndi lilime lanu.
Kudziwa
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya lilime zomwe sizipita, onani dokotala wanu. Ngati dokotala akukayikira khansa ya lilime, iye akhoza kulamula mayesero amodzi kapena angapo kuti azindikire. Nthaŵi zina madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chubu kakang'ono, kamene kali ndi kamera pamtunda (kumatchedwa kuti flexible fibreoptic laryngoscope ) kuti muwone kumbuyo kwa pakamwa ndikuyang'ana minofu m'madera awa. Zizindikiro za minofu zingakhale zofunikira kutsimikizira kuti matenda a khansa ya lilime ndi mtundu wotani (mwachitsanzo, squamous cell).
Chithandizo
Pali njira zitatu zothandizira khansa ya lilime, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito yokha kapena yogwirizana. Anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali oyambirira amafunika chithandizo chamankhwala okhaokha, koma omwe ali ndi kansa yapamwamba ya chinenero angafunike mitundu iwiri kapena itatu yonse ya chithandizo.
Mitundu itatu ya chithandizo cha khansa ya lilime ndi:
- Opaleshoni: Kuchotsa chifuwa cha khansa ndi minofu yozungulira
- Radiotherapy: Amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi amphamvu kuchokera ku zinthu zowonongeka kuti aphe maselo a kansa otsalira pambuyo pa opaleshoni
- Chemotherapy: Amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kuti awononge maselo ndi khansa ya khansa (mitundu iwiri yambiri ya mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi cisplatin ndi fluorouracil)
About Human Papillomavirus
HPV ndi kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa khansara ya chiberekero ndipo, kawirikawiri, mitundu ina ya khansa monga lilime ndi khansa yamatoni . Vutoli likufalikira kupyolera mu kugonana, kuphatikizapo kugonana. Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 50 peresenti ya abambo ndi amai adzalandira kachilombo ka HIV panthawi ina. Kuwonjezeka kwa posachedwapa kwa khansa ya mutu ndi khosi kwapezeka kuti ndi kachilomboka. Ngakhale kuti khansa ya lilime sinkapezeka kawirikawiri m'zaka zapakati pa 55, American Cancer Society inanena kuti khansa ya oropharyngeal iyenera kuwonjezeka kwa achinyamata chifukwa cha khansa zokhudzana ndi HPV zikukhala zofala kwambiri. Matenda a HPV samakhala ndi khansa nthawi zonse.
Katemera wa HPV alipo koma ayenera kuperekedwa asanayambe kugonana. Sindinayesedwe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'kamwa ndi khosi koma amakhulupirira kuti izo zidzatero.
Kuthamangitsani
Ngati mwapezeka ndi khansa ya lilime, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala osokoneza bongo - kumvetsetsa njira yomwe mungakwaniritsire matenda anu. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda osowa kwambiri amatha kuchira matenda awo, pamene ena omwe ali ndi matenda abwino angapangidwe nawo. Kutsegula ndi "lingaliro lophunzitsidwa" lokha lozikidwa pa chidziwitso cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ofanana ndi anu. Sizitanthauza kuti zomwe mukukumana nazo zidzakhala zotani.
Kawirikawiri, ngati khansara ya lilime imawonekera kumayambiriro, imatha kuchiritsidwa, koma izi zimakhala zochepa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zosawerengeka. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya lilime, muyenera kuwona dokotala mwamsanga.
> Zotsatira:
> Chilombo cha HPV chotengera - Cholemba. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm.
> Mankhwala ovomerezeka ndi khansa ya Oropharyngeal. American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer.html.