Kodi Chimachititsa Bwanji Graft vs Matenda a Edzi ndipo Angathe Kutsekedwa?
Kodi matenda a graft versus host (GVHD) ndi chiyani, chifukwa chimachitika bwanji, amachizidwa bwanji, ndipo akhoza kutetezedwa?
Kujambula Pamodzi ndi Matenda Aakulu (GVHD) - Tanthauzo
Kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda omwe amachititsa matendawa (GVHD) ndi mbali yeniyeni yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafupa a mitsempha kapena masentimita osakanikirana . Ngakhale mwayi wokhala ndi GVHD umasiyanasiyana, 40% mpaka 80% omwe amalandira mankhwalawa amatenga GVHD mwanjira ina.
GVHD nthawi zambiri imakhala yofatsa, koma nthawi zina ikhoza kukhala yoopsa kwambiri kuti ikhale yoopsa. Nkhaniyi ikutsatirani zazing'ono za zotsatirazi zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwambiri.
Zifukwa - Nchifukwa Chiyani Kuphatikizira Kulimbana ndi Matenda (GVHD) Kumapezeka?
Msuzi kapena maselo amkati omwe amaikidwa mu wodwala amakhala ndi maselo a munthu wopereka. Mtundu umodzi wa maselo a magazi omwe alipo m'magazi operekedwa ndi maselo a T T cells (kapena T imfoscyte.) T maselo ndi maselo amphamvu mu chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayambitsa zida monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi ndi maselo ena akunja. Vuto ndi kusamba ndikuti maselo a T opereka T tsopano akuzindikira maselo kwa wolandila ngati akunja. Choncho wopereka (maselo ophatikizira) amayambitsa wothandizira (wamkulu wa kuika.)
Musanayambe kuikanso, opereka ndi opatsa anthu omwe amawalandira ndi HLA omwe amachepetsa kuchepa kwa chiwonongeko ichi, ngakhale ngati machesi ali ofanana (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kwa mapasa omwewo) nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi GVHD.
Kodi Symptoms of Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) ndi chiyani?
Zizindikiro zowonjezereka za GVHDdpendeni ngati ziri zovuta (zoyambirira) kapena zosakhalitsa (mochedwa) zotani.
- GVHD yovuta - GVHD yovuta imapezeka mkati mwa masiku 100 a kubzala ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhudza khungu (mitsempha,) m'matumbo, ndi chiwindi. Anthu amatha kupeza ziphuphu zomwe zimakhala m'manja mwawo ndi zigawo, ndipo zigawo za khungu zimatha. Kuphatikizika kwa matumbo kungayambitse chifuwa, mimba, ndi kutsekula m'mimba, pamene kutenga chiwindi kumayambitsa matenda a chiwindi.
- GVHD Yachilendo - GVH Yachilendo imachitika patapita masiku 100 ndipo ikhoza kugwirizana kapena yosagwirizana ndi GVHD yovuta. Zimapezeka kawirikawiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zotsatira zovuta. GVH yachilombo kawirikawiri imakhudza magawo ambiri a thupi. Kuphatikizidwapo ndi khungu, matumbo, ndi chiwindi monga momwe zimakhalira, GVH yachilendo kawirikawiri imakhala ndi maso owuma kapena masomphenya akusintha, kupweteka ndi kuumitsa m'magulu, khungu lolimba ndi kukulitsa pamodzi ndi kutuluka, kutopa, kufooka kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kosatha . Zizindikiro zowononga zingathe kuwononga moyo wautali komanso moyo wabwino.
Kodi Graft Versus Host (GVHD) Ingadzitetezedwe?
GVHD ndi vuto lomwe lingakhale lovuta kwambiri, ndipo kupambana kapena kulephera kwa kusamuka kumadalira kwambiri polepheretsa kapena kuchepetsa mavuto omwe ali nawo. Pali njira zambiri zomwe mwayi wa GVH ungachepetse. Izi zikuphatikizapo HLA mosamala , kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kuti achepetse GVHD, ndi kuchotsa maselo T kuchokera m'magazi a wopereka. Pazifukwa zina, kuchotsa ma maselo a T kungakhale ndi zotsatira zolakwika pa kupambanso kwa njira zina.
Kusamalira mosamalitsa zizindikiro zoyambirira za GVHD kungakhale kothandiza komanso makamaka kusamala ndi dzuwa, chifukwa izi zikuwoneka kuti zimayambitsa kuwononga GVHD.
Kodi Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) imachitiridwa motani?
GVHD sivuta kuchiritsa. Zimaphatikizapo kufufuza ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa nthawi zonse pofuna kupewa GVHD. Kumaphatikizaponso kuwonjezera mankhwala atsopano, makamaka steroids, kuti asiye kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za wobwelera. Nthaŵi zina, pamene steroids sali okwanira kuti athetse vutoli, mankhwala ena amafunika kuwonjezeredwa.
Zotsatira:
Bayraktar, U., ndi J. Nates. Zotsatira za chisamaliro chokwanira mu odwala akuluakulu omwe amatha kupatsirana odwala maselo. World Journal of Clinical Oncology . 2016. 7 (1): 98-105.
Chao, N. Chipatala chowonetseratu, kuyerekezera, ndi kulembedwa kwa matenda a acute-graft-graft. Kusinthidwa 05/04/15. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-grading-of-acute-graft-versus-host-disease