Kuyanjanitsa Ubwino ndi Ngozi za Chithandizo
Anticholinergics ndi mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amakhudza kusinthasintha ndi kupuma kwa minofu.
Amaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amachiza chikhodzodzo, matenda a Parkinson , kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, mphumu, matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD) , mitsempha ya minofu, matenda a m'mimba (IBS) , ndi zina zomwe zimaphatikizapo kutengeka kwa minofu.
Momwe Mankhwala Ogwiritsira Ntchito Amagwirira Ntchito
Acetylcholine ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi thupi lomwe limagwira ntchito monga neurotransmitter. Amagwira maselo a mitsempha kuti apereke mauthenga a mankhwala ku ubongo. Pochita zimenezi, acetylcholine ikhoza kuyendetsa zinthu zina zomwe zimawathandiza kuti aziwongolera kapena kuzichepetsa.
Izi zimaphatikizapo minofu ya chigoba yomwe imayenda m'mitima, m'mimba, m'matumbo, m'matumbo komanso m'mapapo. Maselo omwe akuphatikizidwa mu mitsempha ya minofu imeneyi ali ndi mitsempha yolandira mitsempha. Amene amalandira acetylcholine amaonedwa ngati cholinergic.
Mukakumana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, pali mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa acetylcholine kukakamizidwa kulandira mankhwala obisika. Popanda njira yoperekera mauthenga amtundu, mankhwalawa amatha kuyimitsidwa ndipo zizindikiro zimachotsedwa.
Ife timatchula izi ngati zotsatira zowonongeka.
Anticholinergic Side Effects
Kuphatikiza pa miscle contractions, mitundu ina ya acetylcholine imayang'anira kukumbukira, kuphunzira, ndi kumva.
Popeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatsutsana ndi mitundu yovomerezeka yomwe amaletsa, amatha kuyambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana omwe amakhudza thupi ndi malingaliro onse.
Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Dya pakamwa chifukwa cha kulepheretsa glands
- Pakhosi chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kupanga ntchentche
- Kutaya thukuta
- Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa thupi
- Kumvetsetsa kwa kuwala chifukwa cha kuchepetsa wophunzira
- Masomphenya obisika kapena masomphenya awiri
- Kuwonjezeka kwa mtima kumabweretsa kusintha kwa mphamvu
- Kusagwirizana kolakwika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa minofu
- Kulowerera mumtunda pamene mukugona
- Kuthamanga kwa madzi
- Kusokonezeka
- Mavuto a pamtima
- Kusagwirizana
- Kulephera kulingalira
- Chizolowezi chododometsa mosavuta
- Hallucinations
- Dementia
Ubwino wa zotsatira za Anticholinergic
Mankhwala ambiri amakwaniritsa zolinga zawo chifukwa cha anticholinergic effect. Mwa kuchepetsa kuyenda kwa ubweya, mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kupeza mpumulo wotsekula m'mimba. Mofananamo, kuchepetsa kupuma komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi mphumu ndi COPD kungakhale bwino pamene mapulogalamu ochotsera mapapu atsekedwa.
Antispasmodics ndi gulu limodzi la mankhwala omwe mankhwalawa amathandizira. Ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake zimakhala zofala, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kuphatikizapo mlingo wotsika nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuti zizindikiro zimatha kusinthika.
Mankhwala a Antispasmodic okhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi mankhwala ndi awa:
- Bentyl (dicyclomine)
- Buscopan (hyoscine chotsitsa )
- Levsin (hyoscyamine)
- Lomotil (atropine / diphenoxylate)
- Enablex (darifenacin)
- Pamine (methylscopalamine)
- Spiriva (tiotropium bromide)
- Symmetrel (amantadine)
- Vesicare (solifenacin)
Zotsatira zosayembekezereka za Anticholinergic
Komano, pali mankhwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira zosagwirizana ndi anticholinergic.
Zimaphatikizapo matenda enaake omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asamangodandaula kwambiri. Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amalepheretsa acetylcholine ndi kutsogolera zotsatira zotsutsana ndi anticholinergic.
Zovuta, ndithudi, ndizokuti kupanikizika kwa mankhwala ndi antipsychotics nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa pa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimachititsa kuti zizindikiro zikhale zovuta kwambiri.
Mankhwala oletsa kuteteza thupi komanso antipsychotics omwe ali ndi zotsatira zoteteza anticholinergic ndi awa:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- Norpramin (desipramine)
- Tofranil (imipramine)
- Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- Paxil (paroxetine)
- Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
- Clozaril (clozapine)
- Zyprexa (olanzapine)
- Mellaril (thioridazine)
Pakati pazinthu zonsezi, pali nthawi yomwe kuchepa kwa mankhwala ochepa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda aakulu ndi IBS. Zotsatira zofananazi zimapezeka ndi mankhwala ena otsika kwambiri a antiinsychotics ndi matenda a Parkinson.
Poyeza kuchuluka kwa zotsatira ndi mankhwala a anticholinergic effect, madokotala akhoza kupeza mankhwala abwino ndi mlingo woyenera kuti apereke chithandizo popanda mavuto aakulu.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatira zolephereka chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Malingana ndi matenda anu, dokotala akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo kapena kupeza malo oyenera.
Komabe, simuyenera kusiya mankhwala alionse popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu woyamba. Kuchita zimenezi nthawi zina kumayambitsa mavuto (makamaka ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana) pokhapokha ngati mankhwalawa akupita patsogolo pang'ono.
> Chitsime:
> Fox, C ;; Smith, T .; Matenda, I. et al. Zotsatira za mankhwala ndi anticholinergic katundu pamaganizo, ntchito, maonekedwe ndi imfa: ndondomeko yowonongeka ". Ukalamba ndi ukalamba . 2014; 43 (5): 604-15. DOI: 10.1093 / ukalamba / afu096.