Insulini ya mtundu wa shuga 2
Insulini ikhoza kukhala chinthu chomwe mumakonda kugwirizanitsa ndi mtundu wa shuga, koma osati mtundu 2. Zoona zake n'zakuti, pamene mukukalamba, makina anu amatha kutopa, ndipo maselo a beta omwe amachititsa insulini (hormone yomwe imathandizira kuonetsetsa shuga ya magazi ) akhoza kufa kapena kukhala ouma. Izi zikachitika, pakapita nthawi, kuyang'anira shuga wanu wa magazi ndi zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kumwa mankhwala pakamwa pokha sikungathetse bwino mtundu wanu wa shuga.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kutenga insulini yomwe ili ndi manmade.
Mwinanso mungafunikire insulini ngati magazi anu ali ndipamwamba kwambiri pa matenda, ngati muli ndi insulini yambiri, kapena ngati simungathe kulamulira shuga wanu wamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kumwa zakudya, ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Malingana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, mungathe kukhala ndi insulini kokha kwa nthawi yochepa kuti muzisunga dzuwa. Ena angafunike kutenga izo kwautali.
Mankhwala a shuga onse omwe ali ndi shuga akugwirizana ndi zosowa zawo. Ngati mukuyamba kutulutsa insulini, kambiranani chifukwa chake mukulimbikitsidwa, ndi mtundu wanji womwe mukuyenera kutenga, ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu.
Kodi Chosakanikirana ndi Insulini N'chiyani?
Insulini imakhala ndi maudindo ambiri, koma yaikulu yake ndiyo kuthandiza kuchepetsa shuga wa magazi. Zimalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa shuga kuchokera m'magazi kukhala maselo, chiwindi, ndi mafuta, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu kapena kusungirako zofuna za m'tsogolo.
Tikadya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zam'madzi Ndipo tikapumula, mphukira zimapanga insulini yochepa tsiku lonse kuti kusunga dzuwa kusasunthike.
Anthu omwe alibe matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti shuga ya magazi ikhale yoyenera. Anthu omwe ali ndi shuga, komabe, sangathe kuchita zimenezo. Nthawi zina, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 akhoza kuteteza shuga awo ndi mankhwala , kumwa zakudya, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Nthawi zina, amafunika kutenga insulini yaitali, nthawi yowonjezera insulini , kapena onse awiri kuti agwire ntchitoyo.
Mitundu ya Insulini Imapezeka Motani?
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulini yomwe ilipo:
- Kutulutsa insulini yaitali
- Kutulutsa insulini mwamsanga
- Kuchita mwachidule insulin
- Kuchuluka kwa maselo oteteza insulini
- Insulini yosakaniza
Mtundu uliwonse wa insulini umapangidwira cholinga china. Zina zimatanthawuza kuchepetsa shuga pambuyo pa chakudya, ena kuti aziphimba shuga tsiku lonse, ndipo zina zimalengedwa kuti zichite zonsezi. Nthawi zina anthu amafunika kutenga mtundu wina wa insulini. Nthawi zina, anthu amafunika kutenga mitundu iwiri. Kutuluka kwa insulini kumayambira (zimatengera nthawi yaitali bwanji kuti insulini iyambe kugwira ntchito pambuyo poyizira), chiwongoladzanja (pamene insulini ikugwira ntchito mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti muchepetse shuga wanu wa magazi), ndi nthawi (insulin imakhala nthawi yaitali bwanji m'thupi lanu).
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi shuga ayenera kutenga mitundu iwiri ya insulini kuti athetse shuga lawo la magazi. Ngati sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito zolembera zosiyana (kapena njira zina zoberekera), kusakaniza kwa insulini yomwe imakhalapo pakatikati kapena insulin yofulumira kapena insulini yochepa yomwe ikupezeka. Simungathe kugwirizanitsa insulini yayitali ndi kupuma kwafupipafupi kapena kanthawi kochepa. Mavitamini osakanizidwa nthawi zonse si njira yodalirika yothetsera shuga, koma ndi njira yothetsera majekesiti ambiri ndipo mwina ndi ovuta kwa anthu omwe ali okalamba kapena sangathe kudziŵa bwino majekeseni awiri a insulini. Mitundu ya insulini imeneyi si njira yabwino kwa anthu omwe amadya zakudya kapena amakhala ndi ndondomeko yokadya yolakwika.
Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani inu mtundu wotani wa insulini yomwe muyenera kuitenga ndi chifukwa chake. Nthawi zina dongosolo lanu la inshuwalansi limakonda mtundu wina wa insulini. Ngati mtengo wanu wa insulini uli wapamwamba kwambiri, mungafunike kuyang'ana ndi wothandizira inshuwalansi kuti mutsimikizire kuti mukusankha insulini.
Nazi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulini ndi momwe amayerekeza:
| Mtundu wa insulini | Kuyamba | Peak | Nthawi | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kutulutsa insulini mwamsanga | Mphindi 10 mpaka 30 | Mphindi 30 mpaka 90 | Maola 3 mpaka 5 | Apidra (insulini glulisine) Mankhwala (insulini lispro) NovoLog (insulin aspart) |
| Kutulutsa insulini yochepa | Mphindi 30 mpaka 60 | Maola 2 mpaka 5 | Mpaka maola 12 | Humulin R (nthawi zonse insulini) Novolin R (nthawi zonse insulini) |
| Kuchuluka kwa maselo oteteza insulini | 1.5 mpaka 4 maola | Maola 4 mpaka 12 | Maola 12 mpaka 16, koma ikhoza kuthera maola 24 | Humulin N (NPH insulin) Novolin N (NPH insulin) |
| Kutulutsa insulini yaitali | Ora limodzi | zochepa | Maola 20 mpaka 24 | Lantus (insulin glargine) * Levemir (insulin detemir) Toujeo (lantus mu mawonekedwe ake) ** Tresiba (insulin degludec) |
| Insulini yosakaniza | Mphindi 5 mpaka 60 | zimasiyana | Maola 10 mpaka 16 | Manambala 50/50 (50 peresenti-yogwira ntchito + 50% mwamsanga) Manambala 75/25 (75% yapakati-acting + 25% mwamsanga) Humulin 50/50 (50 peresenti-yogwira ntchito + 50% mwachidule) Humulin 70/30 (70 peresenti-yogwira ntchito + 30% yaifupi) Novolin 70/30 (70% yapakati-acting + 30% mwachidule) NovoLog 70/30 (70% yapakati-acting + 30% mwamsanga) |
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N'chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kusuntha Kumene Ndikujambulira Insulini?
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Kodi Mitundu ya Insulini Imagwira Ntchito Motani?
* Mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala osiyana malinga ndi nthawi yotani mu thupi; Anthu omwe ali ndi mlingo waukulu akhoza kutenga majekeshoni ambiri.
** Kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kuti nthawi zina mumapezeka mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo mumakhalabe ndi shuga limodzi.
Kodi Ndimatenga Bwanji Insulini?
Insulini ikhoza kuperekedwa kudzera mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo. Ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano amatchedwa insulini. Zida zina zimaphatikizapo vial ndi syringe, pulogalamu ya insulini, insulini yamalapu pampu, ndi kutulutsa insulini.
Pulogalamu ya insulini: Peni ya insulini ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka insulini pogwiritsa ntchito singano yaing'ono, yosakanika . Mitsempha imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulin yotenga nthawi yaitali komanso yofulumira, komanso premixed insulin formulations. Iwo amatenga dzina lawo chifukwa ali pafupi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a pensulo ya inki.
Cholembera chingakhale chodzaza ndi insulini (izi zikhoza kutayika) kapena mukhoza kuitanitsa cholembera chokhazikika. Ngati muli ndi cholembera chothandizira, muyenera kuchiyika ndi cartridge ya insulini (kugulitsidwa mosiyana mumabokosi a makatoni asanu). Malingana ndi kukula kwa mlingo wanu, cartridge ingakupatseni insulini yokwanira kuti ipitirire masiku angapo a jekeseni. Pamene cartridge ilibe kanthu, mumaponyera kutali ndikutengera cartridge yatsopano. Mukamaliza ndi penipeni yotayika, mumangoponyera kutali.
Musanadzipangire nokha ndi insulini, muyenera kumanga singano. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito singano yatsopano mu jekeseni iliyonse. Mapepala onse omwe sagwiritsidwe ntchito ayenera kukhala firiji. Mutatsegula cholembera ndikuyamba kuchigwiritsa ntchito, mukhoza kuchiika kunja kwa firiji. Mapulogalamu ambiri amatha masiku 28 mpaka 30, malingana ndi cholembera (nthawi zonse werengani phukusi). Pezani kupewa kufotokoza zolembera ku kutentha kwakukulu ndipo onetsetsani kuti mutaya zitsulo zonse muzitsulo zowonongeka kapena chidebe chowonetsa. Funsani aphunzitsi anu odwala shuga kapena dokotala kuti akuphunzitseni kuti mulowe muyeso wanu wa insulini.
- Kupweteka kwa insulini-Kudziwa momwe
- Mmene Mungatetezere Chotupa Chofuna Kupewa Kuvulaza ndi Matenda
Mphuno ndi syringe: Insulini ikhoza kuperekedwa kudzera mu viala kapena chidebe chaching'ono. Mankhwalawa amasiyana ndi insulini yambiri, komanso momwe singano ndizitali komanso yaitali. Mudzaika singano yanu (kapena syringe) mumtsuko kuti mutulutse insulini yokwanira. Dokotala wanu, namwino, kapena mphunzitsi wovomerezeka wa shuga angakuwonetseni momwe mungachitire izi. Izi nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto ovuta kapena okalamba omwe amavutika kuwerenga mawerengero ang'onoang'ono. Pali dongosolo lochita izi; Ngati simunachite moyenera, mukhoza kukopa insulini yolakwika, yomwe imakhudza magazi anu.
Pulogalamu ya insulini: Kutupa kwa insulini ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamapereka mlingo wosapitirira wa insulini kupyolera mumtsinje kuti upeze chithandizo choyambirira kapena insulini. Ikhoza kuperekanso insulini kuti igwiritse ntchito shuga, yomwe imatchulidwa kuti ikuthandizani . Kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 adzalandire mpweya wa insulini, ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Insulin patch pump: Mankhwala a insulin yotchinga pampu ndi yotheka, yosayenerera, yotayika insulini (monga mini pampu). Ndili kolemera kwambiri, pafupifupi 0,7 mpaka 1.8 ounces, ndipo ndi 2.4 mainchesi yaitali, 1.3 mainchesi lalikulu ndi theka la inchi lakuda. Inavomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mu 2010 ndipo yogulitsidwa ku United States kuyambira 2012. Imachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi mpweya wa insulini chifukwa imapereka kuchuluka kwa insulini ya maola 24 komanso amapereka bolus insulini (insulini yomwe imathandizira kuphimba pambuyo pa shuga la magazi). Icho chimabwera mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kutulutsa insulini: Afreeza ndi insulin yogwira mofulumira yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa nthawi yodyera nthawi ya magazi. Sikovomerezeka kwa anthu omwe amasuta. Izi zimayambitsa insulini sizinapangidwe kawirikawiri, chifukwa ndi zodula ndipo zimangowonjezera magawo anayi, asanu ndi atatu, ndi 12 kapena insulini panthawi imodzi, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwa iwo omwe ali ndi insulini yambiri.
- Afreeza Insulin Powder
Ndiyenera Kutenga Nthendayi Nthawi Yanji?
Nthawi yochuluka ya insulini idzadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa insulini womwe mukuutenga, nambala yanu ya shuga ya magazi ndi zolinga zanu , ndi ndondomeko yanu ya chakudya. Anthu ena okhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 amangofunika kutenga jekeseni umodzi patsiku, pamene ena amafunika kutenga majekeshoni ambiri a insulini kuti awononge shuga. Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu momwe mungapangire jekeseni kangapo tsiku ndi pamene mukuyenera kuwatenga kuti mukwaniritse shuga lanu. Ngati simukudziwa, funsani.
Kodi Zingatheke Bwanji ndi Insulini?
Mbali yaikulu ya insulini ndi shuga wotsika magazi, wotchedwa hypoglycemia . Shuga ya m'magazi amatha kuchitika ngati mutenga insulini yochuluka, ngati mutenga insulini ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena mutenga insulini musadye mokwanira (kapena ayi). Shuga ya m'magazi imatchulidwa monga shuga osachepera 70 md / dL. Zizindikiro za shuga wotsika magazi zimaphatikizapo kugwedezeka, kutukuta, chisokonezo, ndi chizungulire.
Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungakonzere shuga wotsika magazi. Ngati shuga lanu la magazi liri lochepa, lizikhala ndi 15 magalamu a mavitamini othamanga kwambiri, monga ma ounces a madzi, mapiritsi anayi a glucose, mapiritsi asanu, kapena ma ouniti asanu ndi atatu a mkaka wambiri. Onaninso shuga wamagazi anu ndipo onetsetsani kuti yadutsa pamwamba pa 70mg / dL. Ngati sichoncho, bwerezani kuchipatala. Ngati yayamba, mungafunikire kukhala ndi chotupitsa chaching'ono ndi makapu ndi mapuloteni kuti mutha kugwa. Ngati mumakhala ndi shuga wotsika nthawi zambiri, muyenera kulankhulana ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu. Mungafunikire kusintha mlingo wanu wa insulini.
Mbali imodzi yotsatira ya insulini ndi kupindulitsa. Insulini ndi homoni yosungira mafuta. Nthawi zina, pamene shuga lanu la magazi limakwera ndipo amayamba kuimika, thupi lanu limayamba kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kuti mudyetse ndipo mukhoza kulemera. Mukhoza kulemera ngati muli ndi insulini yambiri. Njira yabwino yowonjezera kulemera kwanu ndiyo kuyesetsa kudya zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Insulini ina ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zina monga momwe zimayendera pa malo opangira jekeseni. Onetsetsani kuti muwerenge mapepala oikapo mankhwala ndi kukambirana zotsatira za insulini yeniyeni ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu.
Mawu Ochokera
Kuyamba insulini kungakhale kowopsya, koma ndi njira yokhayo yomwe ikukufotokozerani kuti ikusowa thandizo. Kaya mukuyamba insulini yanthaŵi yaitali, nthawi yowonjezera insulin, kapena insulini ina, mutakhala ndi pulogalamu ya zinthu, mudzawona kuti sikovuta kapena koopsa monga momwe munaganizira kale. Ndipo ngati muli ndi nsautso, zingakulimbikitseni kudziwa kuti singano lero ndi yopepuka komanso yochepa. Kusintha kungakhale kovuta, koma mukhoza kuchita.
> Zosowa;
> Association of American Diabetes Educators. Kupweteka kwa insulini-Kudziwa momwe. https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf
> Gulu la Diabetes la Joslin. Insulin AZ: Njira Yopangira Mitundu Yambiri ya Insulini. http://www.joslin.org/info/insulin_a_to_z_a_guide_on_different_types_of_insulin.html
> Novo Nordisk. Mitambo. http://www.novo-pi.com/tresiba.pdf
> Sanofi -Aventis. Toujeo. http://products.sanofi.us/Toujeo/Toujeo.pdf