Kusintha kwa thupi lanu mutatha kusinthanso kungapangitse khansara yanu
Ngakhale kupatsirana kwa impso ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera impso kulephera, (ndipo kumenyedwa kukhala pa dialyse tsiku lirilonse), sikubwera popanda ngozi. Izi zimachokera kuzinthu zomwe zimakhala ngati chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV, matenda odwala matenda a shuga , komanso kuopsa kwa mitundu ina ya khansa.
Anthu ambiri akuganiza kuti kupatsirana kwa impso monga chithandizo chamankhwala amatha kupuma pamene akuphunzira izi nthawi yoyamba.
Komabe, pulogalamu yabwino yowunikira nthawi zambiri ikhoza kuthekera kwa khansara monga gawo la uphungu wotsatiridwa.
Kodi Khansara Yotani Imene Amalandira Wopereka Cholandira Amalandira Malangizo Okhudza?
Poyerekeza ndi anthu ambiri, munthu amene amalandira impso wokhudzana ndi impso adzakumana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha mtundu wina wa ziwanda. Mndandandawu uli wochulukirapo, wowonjezera mitundu yoposa khumi ndi iwiri ya khansa. Komabe, zina mwazofala ndi izi:
- Khansa yapakhungu, kuphatikizapo khansa ya khansa
- Khansa ya khansa ya hematologic / magazi, lymphoma
- Khansara ya impso, impso zawo zonse, komanso impso zatsopano
- Khansa ya tsamba la m'mimba-malowa angakhale ndi colon, rectum, pancreas, ndi zina zotero.
- Matenda a khansa
Vuto lofunika kumvetsetsa apa ndikuti sikuti imangotulutsa impso yomwe imapatsa wodwalayo pangozi yaikulu ya khansa. Anthu ena opatsirana kulumikiza ziwalo amakumana ndi zoopsa zofanana, koma mtundu wa khansa wowonongeka, umati kwa omwe ali ndi mapapu opangidwa m'mapapo, akhoza kukhala osiyana ndi chiopsezo cha khansa kwa iwo amene analandira impso.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mavuto Akuwonjezeka?
Lingaliro lotchuka pakati pa opezeka ndi lakuti "khansa imabwera palimodzi ndi chiwalo chopangidwa." Ngakhale izi ndizotheka, si chifukwa chodziwika kuti munthu adziwe khansa atalandira chithunzithunzi cha impso. Nazi zina mwazidziwitso:
- Thandizo la Immunosuppressive: Monga momwe mukudziwira, kupeza chithunzithunzi cha impso kumaphatikizapo kukhala ndi mankhwala kuti muteteze chitetezo chanu cha mthupi. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amafunika kupitilira kwamuyaya. Mtundu wina wa mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mutengapo mankhwalawo akhoza kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu kuposa ena.
Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana omwe amayambitsa mitundu yambiri yamagazi oyera (mwachitsanzo OKT3 kapena antilymphocyte serum) adzawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo chotchedwa "post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder" kapena PTLD. Komabe, mobwerezabwereza, ndiyeso / kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo chotetezedwa chifukwa chokhala ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana osokoneza chitetezo cha mthupi, kusiyana ndi khalidwe la mankhwala ena omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a khansa ayambe.
Njira yosavuta kumvetsetsa izi ndi kuzindikira kuti maselo a khansa amapangidwa nthawi zonse m'matupi athu. Chifukwa chomwe sitikukhalira ndi vuto linalake tsiku ndi tsiku ndichifukwa chakuti maselo a khansa "okhawo" amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe athu a chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo amawonongeka pomwepo. Choncho, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi sichitha kuteteza matenda, komanso chitetezo choletsa kusungunuka maselo (omwe angadzakhale khansa). Kuletsa chitetezo cha mthupi koteroko kumawonjezera ngozi ya khansa.
- Matenda: Matenda ena a tizilombo amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwoneke. Anthu opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito impso amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ka HIV chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha thupi. Mavairasi amachulukanso poyendetsa ndi kuyendetsa makina opangidwanso a maselo (DNA nthawi zina). Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonjezere matenda a khansa.
Zitsanzo za mavairasi awa ndi HIV / Epstein-Barr (yomwe imawonjezera ngozi ya lymphoma), Human Herpes Virus-8 (yogwirizana ndi Kaposi sarcoma), ndi Human Papilloma Virus (yogwirizana ndi khansa ya khungu).
Kodi Mungatani Kuti Muchepetse Vuto Lanu la Khansa?
Kuzindikira kuti muli ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka kwa khansara ndikuwopsya ndipo kungakupangitseni kuti muganizirenso kukatenga, koma kukana kusakaniza thupi chifukwa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa sichikulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu ambiri kuyambira pachiopsezo cha kufa kwa impso. Nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri imakhala yaikulu kuposa khansara. Choncho, mutatha kulandira uphungu, ndipo mutalandira kachilombo ka impso, khungu loyang'ana khansa limalimbikitsidwa ngati gawo lachizoloŵezi chombera chisamaliro chothandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo.
The American Society of Transplantation (AST) yatulutsa zizindikiro zowononga khansa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa impso.
Pano pali kufotokozera mwachidule zowonongeka kwambiri (zina mwa ndondomeko zowunikazi zikufanana ndi anthu ambiri):
- Khansara ya khungu: Odzipiritsa opaleshoni amafunsidwa kudzipenda okha mwezi uliwonse kuti afufuze zachilombo zamtundu wambiri. Izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi kafukufuku wamkati wapachaka womwe ungachitidwe ndi dermatologist.
- Khansara ya m'mimba: Kwa amayi oposa zaka 50, mamemography omwe amawunikira pachaka kapena opanda mawere akulimbikitsidwa. Kuwonanso komweku kungalingalire kwa amayi oposa zaka 40, ngati dokotala ndi wodwala akumva kuti ndizofunikira.
- Khansara ya Prostate: Kuyeza kwapakati pa digito ya digito ndi kuyeza kwa PSA kwa amuna opitirira 50.
- Khansara ya colon / rectal: Colonoscopy zaka 10 pambuyo pa zaka 50, ndikuyesedwa chaka chilichonse kuti azindikire magazi.
Yesetsani kukonzekera molingana ndi zojambulazo kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Tonelli M et al. Kukonzekera mwatsatanetsatane: Kupatsirana kwa impso poyerekeza ndi dialysis mu zotsatira zogonana.Am J Kujambula. 2011 Oct; 11 (10): 2093-109. lembani: 10.1111 / j.1600-6143.2011.03686.x. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
> Malembo EA et al. Kuopsa kwa khansa pakati pa odwala omwe amawathandiza kulumikiza ziwalo. JAMA. 2011 Nov 2; 306 (17): 1891-901. lembani: 10.1001 / jama.2011.1592.
> Desai R et al. Kutumiza khansa kuchokera kwa opereka ziwalo-zosapeŵeka koma pangozi yochepa. Kusindikiza. 2012 Dec 27; 94 (12): 1200-7. do: 10.1097 / TP.0b013e318272df41.
> Buell JF et al. Malungo pambuyo pa kuika. Kusindikiza. 2005 Oct 15; 80 (2 Suppl): S254-64.
> Kasiske BL et al. Malingaliro kwa odwala omwe akulandira mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. American Society of Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000 Oct; 11 Suppl 15: S1-86.