Anatomy ndi Physiology ya Chinsalu Chokhazikika cha Khungu
Kodi mankhwalawa ndi otani? Kodi ndi minofu yanji yomwe ili (anatomy ndi dongosolo) ndi cholinga chake (thupi kapena ntchito)? Kodi izi zimakhala zofunikira motani pakakalamba, ndipo ndizochitika zamankhwala ziti zomwe zimakhudza hypodermis? Kodi ndi opaleshoni yotani ya pulasitiki yomwe ikuchitidwa pa gawoli kuti kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ukalamba?
Mwachidule
The hypodermis ndi khungu lakuya (kapena lakuya) ndi lakuda kwambiri khungu.
Amadziwikanso kuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito.
Zigawo za khungu zimaphatikizapo epidermis (kutalika kwake), dermis (chingwe chotsatira chomwe chili ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi mitsempha), ndiyeno hypodermis.
Anatomy ndi Structure
The hypodermis ili ndi maselo otchedwa fibroblasts, maselo a mafuta, maselo ofanana, mitsempha yambiri ndi mitsempha ya magazi, ndi macrophages , maselo omwe ali mbali ya chitetezo cha mthupi ndi kuthandiza thupi lanu kukhala lopanda anthu.
Matenda a hypdermis amasiyana m'madera osiyanasiyana a thupi ndipo amasiyana kwambiri pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana. Ndipotu, makulidwe a hypodermis amathandiza kwambiri kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Mwa amuna, hyperdermis ndi yaikulu kwambiri m'mimba ndi mapewa, pamene akazi ali ochuluka kwambiri m'chiuno, ntchafu, ndi matako.
Ntchito (Physiology)
Poyamba hypodermis imaonedwa ngati minofu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyang'anira mafuta, koma ili ndi ntchito zina zofunika.
Ntchito izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kusunga mafuta (yosungirako magetsi)
- Chitetezo (kuganiza zazingwe ndi kukhala pa mpando wolimba)
- Kuyika zigawo zapamwamba za khungu (dermis ndi epidermis) kumagulu ang'onoang'ono monga mafupa ndi kakotila, ndikuthandizira zigawo zomwe zimakhala m'mitsempha monga mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya magazi
- Malamulo a kutentha kwa thupi - Mndandanda uwu umagwira ntchito ngati chotetezera, kupereka chitetezo ku chimfine, komanso kuteteza thupi kutentha komanso kupyolera mu thukuta.
- Kupanga mahomoni - The hormone leptin imabisidwa ndi maselo ambiri kuti adziwe kuti ndi nthawi yoti asiye kudya.
Zomwe Zimakhudza Hypodermis
Pali mavuto ambiri azachipatala ndi njira zamankhwala zomwe zimagwirizana ndi izi zapadera pakhungu:
Hypothermia and Overheating - Kupatulira kwa hypodermis ndi msinkhu ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe anthu achikulire amachitira ndi hypothermia. Ngati inu mumakonda kutenthedwa, nkhanizi siziri zabwino kwambiri. Kupatulira kwa hypodermis kungatanthauzenso kuti iwe sufupa pang'ono, ndipo kusowa thukuta n'kofunika kwambiri monga kutentha kwa kutentha komanso kupweteka kwa kutentha.
Zilonda - Ngakhale mankhwala ambiri amaperekedwa mwamphamvu, ena amalowetsedwa mu hypodermis (subcutaneous layer). Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe angaperekedwe ndi jekeseni la subcutaneous (subQ) (epidphrine) limaphatikizapo epiphephrine chifukwa cholephera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, katemera wina, insulini, mankhwala ena okhudzana ndi chonde, mankhwala enaake a mankhwala ochizira, hormone ya kukula, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga Enbrel. Mankhwala operekedwa ndi jekeseni ya subcutaneous amayamba pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi mankhwala operekedwa ndi jekeseni wa intravenous, kupanga jekeseni wa subQ njira yabwino kwa mankhwala ambiri.
Kunenepa kwambiri - Mafuta owonjezera oposa thupi ali mu hypodermis, wosanjikizana omwe adalandira chidwi kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa cha kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri , ndipo lingaliro losati mafuta onse a thupi ndilolingana-poyerekeza ndi ntchito yomwe kusewera m'maganizo ndi matenda a mtima .
The Hypodermis ndi Kukalamba
Ngakhale kuti hypodermis sichiwoneke, ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zowonekera pakhungu ndi momwe ukalamba umakhudzira khungu, makamaka pambali pa nkhope ndi khosi. Ndikalamba, maonekedwe a mafuta amachepetsa ndipo pamakhala minofu yothandizira kuti thupi likhale lolimba. Khungu la nkhope limayamba kugwedezeka ndi kuphulika kumene kumawoneka kuti akhoza kutanthauzira ngati akuwoneka atopa. Mafupa ndi minofu ya nkhope zimatayanso kutaya.
Mankhwala a Hyaluronic Acid Okalamba
Pofuna kukonza kutayika kwa nkhope ndi kuthana ndi zotsatira za ukalamba, hyaluronic acid fillers, yogwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mphamvu, ikhoza kulandira.
Hyaluronic acid imagwirizana ndi thupi ndipo ikhoza kusankhidwa bwino pamaso. Amapezeka mwachibadwa m'thupi ndi maonekedwe apamwamba m'matenda ofewa komanso madzi omwe akuzungulira maso. Amapezekanso mu kasupe ndi madzi amodzi.
Jekeseni wa hyaluronic acid fill fill will support the facial and tissues omwe ataya mphamvu ndi kutsika. Zimakhala ngati volumizer pobweretsa madzi pamwamba pa khungu, kuwapangitsa kukhala wowoneka bwino komanso watsopano. Zimakhala ndi masaya, masaya, nsagwada komanso akachisi. Mzerewu ukhozanso kutulutsa milomo yopyapyala komanso manja ochepa omwe ayamba kugwedezeka.
Ngakhale kuti zotsatira zowopsya sizikhala zochepa, pali zoopsa kwa jekeseni wa hyaluronic acid. Pali chiopsezo chotengera, ndipo ndithudi, zotsatira zodzikongoletsa sizingakhale zomwe munkayembekezera.
Pansi pa Hypodermis
Ngakhale anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti hypodermis ndi khungu la khungu limene limasunga mafuta, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti asunge kutentha kwa thupi ndi ntchito zina.
Zotsatira:
Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, ndi James A. Perkins. Mabala a Robbins ndi Cotran Pathologic Mavuto a Matenda. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier / Saunders, 2015. Print.