Mitundu Yotsuka Mitundu ndi Mankhwala

Mphuno yodzikweza ndi imodzi mwa zolakwika zomwe zimachitika pamaso pa anthu opangidwa ndi opaleshoni ya pulasitiki . Kulumphira pakamwa kumakhala kovuta kwa makolo , chifukwa safuna kuti mwana wawo azidzidera nkhawa kapena kuti azisokonezeka.

Mphuno yochenjera ndi mphako pamlomo wapamwamba. N'chifukwa chiyani zimachitika? Pakati pa kukula kwa mwana, minofu ndi milomo sizimasonkhana bwino. Milomo yoyeretsa imasiyana mosiyanasiyana.

Mwala wa Cleft wakhala wotchulidwa kale kuti "hare lip." Moniker iyi inabwera chifukwa cha kugawidwa kwa chilengedwe komwe kuli pamphuno yapamwamba ya akalulu / hares. Mawu akuti lipomo salinso ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu azachipatala chifukwa amawoneka ngati onyoza.

Mlomo wokhotakhota ndi wosiyana ndi chida chachinyengo . Mlomo wochenjera umakhudza milomo yakumtunda, pamene phokoso lokhazikika ndilo kusiyana pakati pa denga la pakamwa. Sikuti anthu onse omwe ali ndi milomo yopanda kanthu amakhala ndi chida choyipa. Ndipo si onse omwe ali ndi palate wodula amakhala ndi milomo yovuta. N'zotheka kuti munthu akhale ndi milomo yodzikongoletsera komanso palate.

M'nkhaniyi, muphunzira maina a ziwalo za mlomo wamba. Kudziwa kuti chilakolako chachilendo chimawoneka bwanji, chingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa zomwe ziwalo za pakamwa zimakhala zosavomerezeka. Mudzaphunziranso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya milomo yopanda phokoso - yosagwirizana ndi maiko awiri, omaliza kapena osakwanira. Unilateral amatanthauza mkamwa uli ndi chingwe kumbali imodzi. Njira zogwirizanitsa zimakhala ndi chingwe kumbali zonse ziwiri. Zonse zimasonyeza kuti chingwecho chimachokera pakamwa mpaka kumphuno. Chosavomerezeka chimaphatikizapo pakamwa koma kumachepetsa mphuno.

1 -

Chibadwa cha Lip Anatomy

Kuti mumvetsetse zolakwika za chilakolako cha pakamwa, ndizofunika kumvetsetsa kuti chilakolako chachilendo chimawoneka bwanji. Anatomy yachibadwa imakhala ndi pamlomo wapamwamba komanso wotsika. Mlomo wamakono umakhudza mlomo wapamwamba. Mlomo wapamwamba uli ndi zigawo zingapo.

• Mpukutu woyera: Mpukutu woyera ndi malo okwera pamwamba pomwe khungu limagwira khungu la nkhope.
• Vermillion: Mtundu wa vermillion ndi mbali yozungulira ya milomo. Mitundu imakhala yofiira mpaka yofiirira yochokera ku mtundu wa mtundu wa munthu. Ili ndi gawo louma (likuwoneka ngati milomo yatsekedwa) ndi chigawo choda chonyowa (chowonekera pamene milomo imagawanika).
• Ma Philtral Columns: Mizati yowoneka kuchokera pamilomo kupita kumphuno. Mbali yochepa / yochepa pamapiri a Phillipal amapanga nsonga zapamwamba. Mbali yapamwamba / yapamwamba imapanga mphuno yamphongo, pansi pa mphuno.
• Philtral Dimple: Phokoso kapena kupanikizika pakati pa zipilala ziwiri za Phillip.
• Utawu wa Cupid : Kupotoka kumbali yapakati ya nyemba yoyera. Ili ndi mapiri awiri kumbali zonse. Mapiriwa ndi gawo laling'ono la ma collral.
• Orbicularis Oris: The orbicularis oris muscle ikuzungulira milomo. Minofu ndi yofunikira popereka mphamvu yolankhula, kudya ndi kumwa moyenera. Ngati chotupa chosakwanira sichichepera magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse a pakamwa pakamwa, minofu ina imatha kuwoloka. Mu makoko oopsa kwambiri, pali chisokonezo chathunthu cha minofu ya minofu.
• Mtsinje Wothandizira: Mphuno yamphongo imapanga pansi kapena pansi pa mphuno. Mphuno yamphongo imasowa m'mafanizo ena.
• Bungwe la Simonart: Khola la khungu lomwe limadutsa pansi pa mphuno pambali pamphuno. Bungwe la Simonart limapanga maonekedwe a nasal sill.
• Alar Rim: Mdima wodabwitsa ndi mbali ya mphuno yomwe ili pafupi ndi mphuno.

2 -

Microform Cleft Lip

Pulogalamu ya microform cleft (yomwe imatchedwanso "form fruste") ndi yofatsa kwambiri ya lipenga ndipo imagawidwa ngati chisokonezo chosakwanira.

Mphuno ya microform yamakono siili ndi mawonekedwe ena ooneka bwino. Zingangowoneka ngati chilonda chowoneka kuchokera pakamwa mpaka pamphuno. Pangakhale phokoso m'mphepete mwa vermillion ndipo mphuno ingakhudzidwe. Ngakhale chombo cha microform chingaonekere, pangakhalebe vuto ndi ntchito. Pali kusokonezeka kwa kupitiriza kwa orbicularis oris muscle. Izi zingachititse kuti anthu azidya ndi kumwa mowa komanso nkhani zomwe amalankhula.

Mphuno kawirikawiri imakhala yachibadwa ndi microform cleft deformity.

Wojambula, Joaquin Phoenix, ali ndi lipulo la microform cleft. Zikuwoneka ngati ali ndi vuto lopaleshoni lokonzekera pakamwa. Momwemo, ndiye mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe.

3 -

Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip

Mlomo wosagwiritsidwa ntchito umodzi umakhudza mbali imodzi ya mlomo wapamwamba. Awiri mwa magawo atatu a uta wa Cupid, imodzi ya philtral ndi philtral dimple amasungidwa kumbali yopanda kanthu. Chingwecho chimachokera kutali kuchokera pakamwa mpaka pamphuno mukumveka bwino. The orbicularis oris muscle sikumapitirizabe kumveka bwino. M'malo mozungulira pakamwa, minofu imalowerera m'munsi mwa mphuno kumbali zonse ziwiri. Kusokonezeka uku kumapangitsa kuvutika kulankhula, kudya ndi kumwa.

Mphuno imasokonezedwa ndi kupweteka kwa mlomo. Mphuno imatsegulidwa ndipo pansi pa mphuno ikusowa mukumveka kwathunthu kosalala.

4 -

Chigwirizano Chosavomerezeka Chogwirizanitsa Chimodzi

Mlomo wosagwiritsidwa ntchito wosagwiritsidwa ntchito umodzi umagwiritsa ntchito milomo kumbali imodzi yokha. Pali philtral yachilendo, uta wa Cupid ndi philtral dimple kumbali popanda chingwe. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikhale chosiyana ndi mkamwa wathunthu ndi chakuti ma orbicularis muscle fibers akhoza kuwoloka. Milomo yopanda kukwanira imatha kutenga maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pangakhale pangТono kakang'ono kapena kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kamakhala khungu kapenanso khungu kakang'ono pamwamba pa pakamwa kapena kupitilira pafupi ndi mphuno.

Mofanana ndi kupweteka kwathunthu kwa mphuno, mphuno ili ndi kupotoka kwina. Kusokoneza kumakhala kawirikawiri. Mphuno ikhoza kukulitsidwa, koma pansi pa mphuno mulibe. Kuphatikizanso apo, pali mlatho wa minofu m'munsi mwa mphuno pambali yachitsulo. Izi zimadziwika ngati gulu la Simonart.

5 -

Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip

Lipoti lomveka bwino lonse limakhudza mbali zomanja ndi zamanzere pamlomo. Palibe zipilala za philtral, si philtral dimple, ndipo palibe orbicularis minofu pakatikati. Kumbali zonsezi, chingwechi chimachokera ku vermillion kupita ku mphuno. Kuperewera kwa kupitiliza mu minofu kumapangitsa kuti anthuwa azilankhula momveka bwino. Kudyetsa kungakhale kovuta kwambiri.

Pali kupotoka kwa pakhosi kumapiko ophatikizana. Zitsulo zonsezi zimafutukuka, minofu imasowa ndipo mphuno imatha kuonekera.

6 -

Zokonzedweratu Zosakwanira Zogwirizana Lip

Mphuno yapakati imodzi ili ndi mpata kumbali zonse ziwiri za pamlomo wapamwamba. Mofanana ndi ndondomeko yamakono, mapiritsi a philtral amakhudzidwa. Mpaka payomwe kumadalira kutalika kwa chingwecho chimachokera ku vermillion. Mwina pangakhale maonekedwe a orbicularis omwe amatha. Mphepete mwa mphuno zimakhala zolimba. Mtundu wa philtral uli wolimba.

M'mapiko awiri osakwanira, mphuno zimakhudzidwa, ngakhale kuti sizingakhale zofanana ndi chiwonongeko chotheratu. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiphuphu chophatikizana, mbali imodzi ikhoza kukhala yopunduka kosakwanira ndipo mbali inayo imakhala yopunduka.

7 -

Zosakanikirana Zosakwanira ndi Zowonongeka Zonse

Mwa iwo omwe ali ndi milomo yodziphatikizana, mbali imodzi ikhoza kukhala yopanda malire osakwanira ndipo mbali inayo imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Mphuno yosakwanira yosamalidwa ikhoza kukhala wosazindikira.

_Zotsatira:

_{Boutros SG, Kudula C. Kuphatikizidwa Kwachitsulo Lip. Mu: McCarthy JG, RD Galiano, Boutros SG, eds. Chithandizo Chamakono mu Opaleshoni Yapulasitiki, 1st Ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc, 2006.}

_{Boutros SG, Kudula C. Unilateral Cleft Lip. Mu: McCarthy JG, RD Galiano, Boutros SG, eds. Chithandizo Chamakono mu Opaleshoni Yapulasitiki, 1st Ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc, 2006.}

_{Gosman, AA. Cleft Lip. Mu: Janis YES, ed. Zofunikira za Surgery Pulasitiki. St. Louis: Quality Medical Publishing, Inc., 2007.}

_{Mphungu RA, Kudula C, Grayson B. Cleft Lip ndi Palate. Mu: Thorne CH, Beasely RW, Aston SJ, Bartlett SP, Gurtner GC, Spear S, eds. Grabb ndi Smith's Plastic Surgery, 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, wa 2007.}