Nthawi iliyonse pamene mukukumana ndi chisankho chofunikira chaumoyo , zimathandizira kukhala ndi tsatanetsatane wa zomwe mungasankhe, mapindu, ndi ngozi za ndondomekoyi. Koma kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti odwala ambiri sakulandira chithandizo chomwe akufunikira. Ndipotu, malinga ndi kafukufuku wina oposa theka la odwala khansa ya m'mawere omwe akudwala matendawa , alibe chidziwitso chofunikira kuti apange chisankho chodziwitsidwa pa opaleshoni yokonzanso .
Zowonjezereka Zophatikizidwa ndi Kusalandira Thandizo la Kusankha Makhalidwe Abwino
Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Clara Lee, MD, dokotala wa opaleshoni wa m'mawere ku Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital ndi Richard J. Solove Research Institute, anayeza zomwe ophunzira amadziwa zokhudza mastectomy ndi mastectomy ndi kumanganso. Linakambiranso zosankha za wodwala aliyense kuphatikizapo mawere akuwoneka chithandizo, nthawi yobwezeretsa, komanso chiopsezo cha mavuto.
Chimene Dr. Lee ndi anzake omwe adapeza chinali chakuti osachepera theka la amayi anali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chakumanganso kachipatala ndi kupanga chisankho chogwirizana ndi zofuna zawo. Zotsatira zake, amayi ena sanalandire chithandizo ndi chisamaliro chomwe amachikonda.
Kuwonjezera apo, amayi omwe ali mu phunzirolo sanamvetse bwino za vutoli lomwe lingasokonezeke ndi kubwezeretsa m'mawere, komanso sanazindikire kuti ziwopsezozo zinali zotani.
Ndipotu, odwala 14 peresenti okha ndi amene amamvetsa bwino kuopsa kwa vuto lalikulu. Izi zikukhudza chifukwa cha mwayi waukulu pakati pa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira pambuyo pa opaleshoni pakati pa 16 ndi 40 peresenti. Pamapeto pake, izi zikutanthauza kuti amayi ambiri amatha kutenga zoopsa zomwe-ngati atapatsidwa chisankho chokwanira-sakanatha.
Zowonjezerapo, zomwe zapeza kuchokera mu phunziro lino sizingowonjezeretsa kubwezeretsa. Ndipotu, pali malo ambiri okhudzana ndi zachipatala komwe kulibe mipata mukumvetsetsa kwa wodwalayo za chidziwitso chachikulu cha mankhwala. Zotsatira zake, zosankha zomwe odwala amatha kupanga nthawi zambiri sizikugwirizana ndi zinthu zomwe akuzidera nkhawa kwambiri, olemba a maphunzirowo anamaliza.
Chifukwa Chiyani Kupereka Chithandizo Chotsimikizika Ndi Chofunika Kwambiri?
Pankhani ya thanzi lawo, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti odwala akufuna kutenga mbali pakupanga chisankho. Ndipotu, pamene odwala amapatsidwa zothandizira, monga zigawo zamaphunziro, ma DVD kapena zida zina zothandizira kuti azisankha, amatha kumverera bwino komanso okhudzidwa ndi chisamaliro chawo. Amakhalanso ndi nkhawa komanso nkhawa pamene akudziwa bwino zomwe angayembekezere.
Mwachitsanzo, pa kafukufuku wa anthu akuluakulu omwe akuyendera chithandizo chamankhwala monga kumwa mankhwala atsopano , opaleshoni yokha, kapena odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana, odwala kwambiri akuwonetsa kuti akufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza ngozi zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi mankhwala atsopano. Iwo ankafunanso kumverera ngati madokotala awo akumvetsera iwo. Koma osachepera theka la odwalawo adanena kuti dokotala wawo adawafunsa za zolinga zawo, zokonda zawo, ndi zodetsa nkhawa zawo.
Kulephera kwa kuyankhulana ndi kuthandizira chisankho kumachotsa ubale wa wodwala .
Pakalipano, phunziro lina lomwe linalongosola mphamvu za odwala , kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira, kukambirana za mavuto a zaumoyo ndi kufotokozera njira zothandizira chithandizo, zapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumathandiza dokotala ndi wodwalayo. Osati kokha okhutitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chawo, koma amamanganso chikhulupiliro ndi kulemekeza dokotala wawo, zinthu ziwiri zofunikira pa ubale wa odwala-odwala. Kuwonjezera apo, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira sikumangotengera wodwala. M'malomwake, cholinga chake chimakwaniritsa zokambirana zomwe ali nazo kale ndi odwala ake.
Lingaliro ndilo kuti thandizo la chisankho limalola wodwalayo kutenga mbali yowonjezera mu chisamaliro chake chaumoyo.
Pofuna kudziwa kufunika kwa chithandizo cha chisankho, chipatala cha Mayo chakhala chikukulitsa ndi kuyesa zothandizira zokhazokha ndikuzigawira kwaulere kwa ena othandizira zaumoyo. Mwachitsanzo, Chithandizo Chawo Chosankha Chogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala a Shuga, amathandiza odwala ndi opereka awo kusankha pakati pa mankhwala asanu ndi limodzi osiyana siyana omwe amachiza mtundu wa shuga . Pogwiritsira ntchito zothandizira zosankha, odwala amasankha zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa iwo. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuyendetsa shuga, njira yogwiritsira ntchito, kuyezetsa shuga tsiku ndi tsiku, chiwopsezo cha shuga wotsika magazi, kulemera kwa thupi, zotsatira zake, ndi ndalama. Kenako amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala kuti aziyerekezera mankhwalawa ndi zomwe amakonda.
Ndikoyenera kuwonetsa kuti odwala ena safuna kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana ndipo nthawi zambiri amafuna dokotala wawo kupanga zosankha zawo. Koma chiwerengero cha odwala omwe amakonda njirayi ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa omwe akufuna kukhala nawo.
Pamene Chisankho Chotsimikizika Chimafunika Kwambiri
Thandizo la zisankho, kapena kupanga nawo chisankho monga momwe limatchulidwira nthawi zina, limalimbikitsidwa pamene odwala ali ndi vuto lodzikonda, monga momwe amachitira matenda a mastectomy ndi kumanganso. Muzochitikazi, pali njira zambiri zochiritsira. Mosiyana ndi nkhani zachipatala kumene chithandizo cha mankhwalachi chikuwonekera bwino, monga chithandizo cha kuwonjezereka , pali zinthu zina zomwe palibe chosankhidwa bwino. Chotsatira chake, kusankha njira yomwe mungatengere kungadalire zofuna za wodwala komanso kuvomereza kwake pangozi.
Chotsatira chake, akatswiri ambiri azaumoyo amaona kuti zosankha izi zikupangidwa mothandizidwa ndi zothandizira zosankha. Mwachitsanzo, mu kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Cochrane Collaboration, ofufuza anapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirira ntchito kumalimbitsa chidziwitso cha wodwala komanso kukhutira. Komanso, adapeza kuti odwala omwe adasankha kuthandizira chisankho asanapange chisankho chofuna kuchita opaleshoni yayikulu komanso yosasamala kawirikawiri. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa zingachepetse kugwiritsira ntchito mopitirira muyeso njira zina, makamaka pamene pafupifupi 25 peresenti ya opaleshoni yosankhidwa ikhoza kukhala yosafunika kapena yosayenera.
Kutha kwa chisamaliro cha moyo ndi dera lina komwe kuthandizira chisankho kumafunikira makamaka. Mwachitsanzo, odwala komanso achibale awo amafunika kudziwa momwe angafunire kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana omwe angadzafike kumapeto kwa moyo ndikuonetsetsa kuti zilakolako zawo zatha zilemekezedwa. Chitsanzo chimodzi chikhoza kukambirana za mankhwala osiyanasiyana opweteka, zotsatira zake, ndi momwe wodwala akufuna kuuzidwa kumapeto kwa moyo. Nkhani zina zomwe zikufunika kuthandizidwa ndikuphatikizapo kubwezeretsa , kudyetsa makapu, ndi kupuma. Anthu amafunika kudziwa zomwe zingachitike komanso zomwe angasankhe. Mwanjira imeneyi, akhoza kupanga chisankho chodziwiratu pasadakhale.
Anthu ambiri amaopa kuti akambirane. Mwachitsanzo, wodwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafunso okhudza mapeto a moyo, koma amawopsya okondedwa awo. Kotero iwo amakhala chete. Pakalipano, mamembala angakhalenso ndi mafunso koma sakudziwa momwe angabweretse popanda kuvulaza maganizo a wokondedwa wawo. Pazochitikazi, thandizo la chisankho loperekedwa ndi dokotala silidzangowonjezera kulemetsa kwa kufunsa, koma lingathandizenso odwala ndi mabanja awo kukambirana nkhani zofunika. Zimakhala njira kuti wodwalayo alankhule ndi zofuna zake asanamukakamize kuti achite zimenezo. Ngakhale palibe njira yothetsera kuthetsa mavuto a moyo, zida zothandizira zosankha zingathandizire kukambirana kopanda pake.
Mawu Ochokera
Mukakumana ndi matenda atsopano, funani dokotala kapena njira yothandizira zaumoyo yomwe sikuti imangoganizira za odwala koma imaperekanso chithandizo choyenera chapamwamba. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupeza dokotala yemwe amakupatsani chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi chisankho chanu komanso zoopsa zowonjezera. Madokotala ambiri amapereka chidziwitso ichi kupyolera mu zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zokambirana za munthu, DVD, ndi zofalitsa. Mukapeza zipangizo zopanga zisankho, ndipo mukhoza kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu, mukhoza kupanga chisankho choyenera kwa inu. Ndipo potsiriza chisamaliro ndi chithandizo chimene inu mumachipeza chikugwirizana ndi chithandizo ndi chisamaliro chomwe inu mukufuna.
> Zotsatira:
> "Theka la Odwala Matenda a Kachiwerewere Amakhala ndi 'Ochepa' Pakuthandizira Kuchita Zopangira Zokonzanso," UT News , University of Texas ku Austin, May 3, 2017. https://news.utexas.edu/2017/05/03 owerenga-osauka-chisankho-chithandizo-cha-odwala-odwala khansa
> Hosteler, Martha ndi Klein, Sarah. "Kuwathandiza Odwala Kupanga Zosamalirako Zabwino Zosankha ndi Zothandizira Zosankha," Quality Matters , Commonwealth Fund, October 2012. http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletters/quality-matters/2012/october-november/in-focus
> "Kodi Kubwezeretsedwa kwa M'thupi Kumakhala Koyenera?" BreastCancer.org. http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/surgery/reconstruction/is-reconstruction-for-you