Pamene wina ali ndi pulmonary embolus, ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimawachitikira zomwe zimawathandiza kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala. Ndipo zizindikiro zomwe zimalongosola nthawi zambiri zimachoka kwa dokotala kuti kugwidwa kwa pulmonary kungakhale vuto.
Ngati pulogalamu ya pulmonary ikupanga chizindikiro cha "classic" chokwanira, madokotala ambiri amalingalira za matenda oyenerera bwino nthawi yomweyo ndipo adzafulumira kumatsimikizira kutsimikiza kwawo.
Nthawi zina, anthu omwe ali ndi mapulaneti sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zapachiyambi. M'malo mwake, ambiri akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena zosaoneka konse. Ena, nthawi yomweyo amatha kugwa mtima, mwinamwake ndi imfa yadzidzidzi, ndipo sadzakhala ndi mwayi wofotokozera zizindikiro zilizonse kwa wina aliyense.
Choncho, pamene zizindikiro za mgwirizano wa pulmonary ndi zofunika, nkofunikanso kuti madokotala azikhala ndi chidziwitso chachikulu pamene munthu amene ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a pulmonary akudandaula ngakhale zizindikiro zochepa zimene zingaoneke chifukwa cha imodzi. Kuphatikizika kwapopysi komwe sikupangitsa zizindikiro zochititsa chidwi posachedwa kungatsatidwe ndi kupangidwanso kwina kwapopysi (zomwe mwina zikanalepheretsedwa) zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lalikulu.
Zizindikiro Zodziwika
Zizindikiro zapachiyambi za ma pulmonary embolus, zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'mabukhu a zamankhwala, ndi:
- Dyspnea, mwadzidzidzi, (mpweya wochepa), wotsatira
- kupweteka kwa chifuwa cha chifuwa chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofufumitsa (ndiko kuti, chikuipiraipira ndi mpweya wakuya), ndi
- chifuwa.
Zizindikilo zina zomwe anthu amakhala nazo ndi mapangidwe a pulmonary ndi awa:
- ululu mu mwana wa ng'ombe kapena chiwopsezo (kulingalira za mitsempha ya thrombosis, DVT )
- kupuma
- hemoptysis (kukakamira magazi)
- syncope (kutaya chidziwitso)
Chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi chiyenera kuika pa pulmonary pa dokotala mndandanda wa mavuto azachipatala omwe ayenera kuganizidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Kwa anthu ambiri, ali ndi dyspnea mwadzidzidzi, woopsa kwambiri, mwachiwonekere popanda chifukwa, ndi oopsa kwambiri. Choncho anthu omwe ali ndi chisonyezochi nthawi zambiri amayesa kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga. Madokotala nayenso amakopeka ndi chizindikiro ichi, ndipo ayenera kukhala. Choncho ngakhale kuti wodwalayo alibe zizindikiro monga kupweteka kwa chifuwa kapena chifuwa, kufotokozera dyspnea mosadziwika bwino kungakhale kokwanira kuti adziwe madokotala ambiri kuti athe kutenga pulmonary embolus.
Koma mgwirizano wa pulmonary sikuti umayambitsa mtundu uwu wa chizindikiro chodabwitsa; nthawi zina zizindikiro zimakhala zochepa. Madokotala amafunika kukayikira za izi zotheka kwa munthu aliyense amene ali ndi zifukwa zoopsa za embolism, komanso amadandaula ndi chizindikiro china chilichonse (ngakhale chofewa) chogwirizana ndi kupuma kwawo.
Zizindikiro
Madokotala nthawi zambiri amawona zotsatira zowunikira (zomwe zimatchedwa "zizindikiro"), mwa anthu amene ali ndi mapulaneti. Zizindikiro izi zikuphatikizapo:
- tachycardia (kumenya mtima mwamsanga)
- tachypnea (kupuma mofulumira)
- hypotension (kutsika kwa magazi)
- kunachepetsanso kupuma kwa gawo la mapapu, kusonyeza kuti mpweya sukuyenda kudera limenelo
- mitsempha pamapapo), kusonyeza kuti mumadzimadzi mumatumba
- mitsempha ya m'khosi, kutsogolo kwa mitsempha ya pulmonary
- kutupa kapena kutentha pa ntchafu kapena ng'ombe, posonyeza DVT
Ngati pali zina mwazifukwa zomwe zilipo, komanso zizindikiro zina zomwe zimapangidwa ndi pulmonary embolus, kuyesa kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsana ndi matendawa. Ngakhale popanda zifukwa zomveka, ndipo ngakhale zizindikiro zikuwoneka ngati zofewa, ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti ndizotheka kuti pangakhale mapangidwe a pulmonary, kuyezetsa kuyesera kuyenera kuchitidwa.
Kwa anthu ena, zizindikiro za pulmonary embolus sizobisika. Mu zina, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mapulaneti kumayambitsa vuto lalikulu, lokhazikika, la mtima wamtima, komanso ngakhale kudabwa . Kuwonongeka kwa mtima kosadziŵika bwino kumayenera kukhala chitsimikizo champhamvu chomwe chimapangidwe ndi pulmonary pulmonary.
Ndipotu, ngati zochitika zachipatala zimakayikira kwambiri mapulogalamu a pulmonari ndipo wodwalayo akhoza kufa popanda kuchipatala, madokotala angayambe kulandira chithandizo cha pulmonary ngakhale asanatulukidwe.
Mavuto
Kuphatikizana kwapopu kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa, makamaka ngati matendawa akuchedwa kapena akusowa. Pofuna kupewa zotsatirazi, madokotala ayenera kumangokhalira kudandaula kuti pali mapulaneti ngati pali chifukwa chilichonse choganiza kuti mwina chinachitika.
Mavuto akuluakulu a mapulaneti ndi:
- Kuphatikizana kwapopyard komweko. Pokhapokha ngati matendawa atapangidwa ndipo mankhwala opatsirana amaperekedwa, anthu omwe ali ndi mapiritsi amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi wina.
- Kupachikidwa kwapachimake. Kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi imfa ya minofu ya mapapo, yomwe ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi pulmonary embolus ngati mitsempha yopereka minofu ya mapapo imatsekedwa kwathunthu ndi ziwalo. Ngati zikuluzikulu zokwanira, kutsekemera kwa pulmonary kungakhale koopsa.
- Kupweteka kwambiri kwa magazi. Kuopsa kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi matenda aakulu kwambiri omwe angabwere chifukwa cha mapulogalamu akuluakulu a pulmonary-kapena kuti mapulaneti omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse-ngati chophimba kapena chophimba chimalepheretsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mitsempha ya pulmonary yosatha.
- Imfa. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa chifukwa cha mankhwala osaphatikizidwa ndi mapulaneti ndi otsika kwambiri ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi okwana 30 peresenti. Kuphatikizika kwakukulu kwapopysi kumayambitsa imfa mwadzidzidzi, koma kawirikawiri imfa imachitika masiku angapo a matendawa ngati mankhwala sali okwanira kuti asiye mapulmoni ozolowereka.
> Zotsatira:
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> Konstantinides SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G, et al. 2014 ESC zotsatila pazomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuyendetsedwa kwa embolism yovuta. Mtima; 35: 3033. lembani: 10.1093 / eurheartj / ehu283.
> Lucassen W, Geersing GJ, Erkens PM, ndi al. Malamulo okhudzana ndi chisamaliro chachisamaliro choletsa kusamalitsa pulmonary embolism: meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2011; 155: 448. lembani: 10.7326 / 0003-4819-155-7-201110040-00007.
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