Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya pancreatic sizodziwika, koma zoopsa zikhoza kukhala zaka, kugonana, mtundu, zochitika monga chikhalidwe cha banja, matendawa, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso matenda a chingamu.
Monga zizindikilo za khansa ya pancreatic siingayambe mpaka itapita patsogolo, nkofunika kudziwa momwe izi zingakhudzire chiwopsezo chanu chomwecho kuti muchite zomwe mungathe kuti muchepetse ndikuyankhulana ndi dokotala wanu.
Zowopsa Zowopsa
Kukhala ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya pancreatic sikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi matendawa. Zinthuzi sizimayambitsa matendawa, koma zimakhala zofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amakula. Mofananamo, anthu ambiri omwe amapanga khansara ya pancreatic alibe zovuta zoonekeratu. Izi zikuti, chifukwa chachikulu chomwe muli nacho, ndizotheka kuti mungakumane ndi khansa ya pancreatic nthawi ina m'moyo wanu.
Zowopsa zingaphatikizepo izi:
Zaka
Kuopsa kwa khansa ya pancreatic kumawonjezera msinkhu, ngakhale kuti n'zotheka kupezeka ali wamng'ono. Pakali pano, pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya anthu ali ndi zaka zoposa 55 panthawi yomwe amadziwa kuti ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi.
Mpikisano
Khansara yotchedwa Pancreatic ndi yofala kwambiri kwa anthu akuda kuposa azungu, Asiya, kapena Hispanics, koma kachiwiri, ikhoza kuchitika kwa aliyense. Anthu a Ashkenazi Jewish heritage ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka, makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa BRCA2 kusintha kwa majini.
Kugonana
Khansara yotchedwa Pancreatic yakale kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi, koma kusiyana kuli kutseka. Matendawa tsopano ndi ochepa kwambiri mwa amuna.
Matenda a shuga
Mtundu wa shuga wa nthawi yayitali ndi chiwopsezo cha khansa ya pancreatic. Matenda a shuga angathenso kuchitika, nthawi zambiri anthu omwe alibe chiopsezo cha shuga.
Kugwirizana kumeneku pakati pa zosayembekezereka za matenda a shuga kwa anthu opitirira zaka 45 ndi khansa ya pancreatic inali yofunika kwambiri mu maphunziro a 2018 omwe madokotala ena akuvomereza kuti awone ngati akuchitika.
Matenda a Gum ndi Kutaya Kwambiri
Matenda a gum, omwe amatchedwa gingivitis m'gawo loyambirira ndi periodontitis pachimake, adatchulidwa koyamba kuti ali ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya pancreatic mu 2007. Kufufuza kwa 2017 komwe kunapangidwa mpaka lero kunapezeka kuti anthu 75 peresenti yakula khansara ya pancreatic ngati ali ndi periodontitis ndi 54 peresenti ngati atataya mano awo (edentulism). Chifukwa chake sichidziwikiratu motsimikizika, koma akuganiza kuti mabakiteriya ena omwe amakhala m'kamwa amapanga mavitamini omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa mtundu umodzi wa jini ( p53 gene mutations ) zomwe zingayambitse khansa ya pancreatic.
Pancreatitis Yosatha
Mbiri ya matenda oopsa opatsirana amachititsa kuti pakhale ngozi ya khansa ya pancreatic, makamaka kwa anthu amene amasuta. Nthenda yotereyi imayamba nthawi yaunyamata ndipo imakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa.
Zochitika Zochiritsira Zina
Bakiteriya Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) ndi chifukwa chodziwika bwino cha khansa ya m'mimba, komanso matenda a zilonda zam'mimba.
Zimaganiziridwa kuti zikhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya pancreatic. Pali umboni wina wosonyeza kuti matenda a chiwindi cha mtundu wa B , zilonda zam'mimba , opaleshoni ya ndulu, ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi zingakhudzidwe ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa.
Mbiri Yanu ya Khansa
Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yaumwini ya mitundu yosiyana ya khansa ndizovuta kuti azikhala ndi khansa ya pancreatic. Ofufuza sakudziwa ngati izi zikugwirizana ndi khansa zina mwa njira ina, kapena ngati chigwirizanocho chimachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa khansa (monga kusuta).
Mtundu wa Magazi
Anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu ya magazi A, B, ndi AB amawoneka kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya pancreatic kuposa omwe ali ndi mtundu wa magazi O.
Zochitika Zachilengedwe
Kuwonetsa kuti ntchito zapamwamba zimagwirizanitsa ndi 2 peresenti mpaka 3 peresenti ya khansa ya pancreatic, yomwe imakhala ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi klorinated hydrocarbons ndi polycyclic zonunkhira za hydrocarboni (PAHs). Ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka aphatikizapo kuyeretsa kowuma ndi antchito a labotolo aakazi.
Genetics
Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya khansa ya pancreatic imatengedwa kuti ndi yobadwa komanso imakhudzana ndi mbiri ya banja kapena matenda enaake.
Mbiri ya Banja
Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya pancreatic amatha kukhala ndi matendawa. Palinso chinthu china chomwe chimatchedwa khansara yam'mimba. Munthu amalingalira kuti ali ndi izi ngati achibale, achibale, kapena mwana) kapena abambo atatu kapena angapo (abakhali, amalume, abambo ake) ali ndi matendawa.
Genetic Syndromes
Matenda a chiberekero ogwirizanitsidwa ndi khansa ya pancreatic nthawi zambiri amakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa majini. Ambiri mwa kusintha kwa majini, monga kusintha kwa BRCA2 , ali ndi majeremusi omwe amadziwika kuti matenda opatsirana pogonana . Ma code amenewa a mapuloteni omwe amathetsa DNA yowonongeka ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa maselo. Mavuto omwe amapezeka ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ndi awa:
- Matenda a Hereditary ndi matenda a khansa ya ovary
- Chiwombankhanga choyera
- Matenda a Peutz-Jeghers
- Lynch syndrome (khansara yosabadwa ya nonpolyposis yosalala, HNPCC)
- Matenda a Li-Fraumeni
- Matenda a Hippel Lindau
- Wachibale adenomatous polyposis
- Amadzimadzi ambiri amodzi omwe amatha kudwala mole melanoma (FAMMM)
- Ataxia telangiectasia
- Mitundu yambiri ya endocrine neoplasia mtundu 1 (MEN1) matenda (zotupa za neuroendocrine)
- Neurofibromatosis mtundu 1 (neuroendocrine zotupa)
Zochitika Zowopsa Kwamoyo
Zamoyo zamoyo zingathandize kwambiri pakukula kwa khansa ya pancreatic ndipo ikuphatikizapo:
Kusuta
Kusuta kumawonjezera ngozi ya khansa ya pancreatic iwiri kapena itatu ndipo imalingalira kuti imayambitsa pafupifupi magawo atatu a khansa imeneyi. Mosiyana ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, pamene chiopsezo chimapitirira kwa nthawi yaitali munthu atasiya (ndipo sadzabwerenso), chiopsezo cha khansa ya pancreatic imakhala yachibadwa mkati mwa zaka zisanu kapena khumi zotsalira.
Mowa
Kuyambira nthawi yaitali, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso (zakumwa zitatu kapena zambiri tsiku ndi tsiku) zimakhudzidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha khansa ya pancreatic. Zowopsa zingakhale zokhudzana ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha chifuwa chachikulu mwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso (makamaka pamene akuphatikiza ndi kusuta) m'malo moledzeretsa. Kusamwa mopitirira muyeso sikuwoneka kuti kumawonjezera chiopsezo.
Kunenepa kwambiri
Kukhala olemera kwambiri kapena olemera kwambiri kumabweretsa ngozi ya khansa ya pancreatic pafupifupi 20 peresenti. Amakhulupirira kuti pafupifupi mmodzi mwa khansa 8 ya khansa yapakhungu yokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Zakudya
Pali umboni wina wosonyeza kuti zakudya zamtengo wapatali, komanso zakudya zamtundu wofiira kapena zowonongeka, zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya pancreatic, makamaka pamene zakudya zimaphika pamadera otentha. Koma, zakudya zopangidwa ndi folic acid, monga masamba obiriwira, zimakhala ndi zotetezera. Kusanthula kwa 2017 kafukufuku wokhudza zakudya ndi khansa ya pancreatic inapeza kuti chakudya cha mtundu wa Kumadzulo chinali ndi mwayi waukulu kwambiri wa matendawa. Coffee ikhoza kuwonjezera ngozi.
Kukhala moyo wosadzikonda
Kukhala ndi moyo wamba, monga kugwira ntchito pa desk, kungapangitse ngozi, koma sichidziwika nthawi ino.
> Zotsatira:
> American Society of Clinical Oncology. Cancer.Net. Khansa ya Pancreatic: Zowopsa. Kusinthidwa 12/16. https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/risk-factors
> Khadka, R., Tian, W., Xin, H., ndi R. Koirala. Zowopsa, Kusanthula Kwambiri Kwambiri ndi Kupulumuka Kwadongosolo Kuchuluka kwa Msonkhano pakati pa Khansa ya Pancreatic ndi Matenda a Shuga Mellitus: Kusintha ndi Kupititsa patsogolo, Kupenda. International Journal of Surgery . 2018 Mar 10. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).
> Lu, P., Shu, L., Shen, S. ndi al. Zitsanzo za Zakudya ndi Pancreatic Cancer Ngozi: Meta-Analysis. Mavitamini . 2017. 9 (1) .pii: E38.
> Maisonneuve, P., Amar, S., ndi A. Lowenfels. Matenda a Periodontal, Edentulism, ndi Cancer Pancreatic: A Meta-Analysis. Annals of Oncology . 2017. 28 (5): 985-995.
> National Cancer Institute. Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ) -Patient Version. Kusinthidwa 03/22/18. https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq