Funso: Kodi Kusiyanitsa Pakati pa Nyumba Yachikulire ndi Malo Othandizira Othandizira?
Anthu ambiri amadabwa ndi momwe malo awiriwa alili ofanana kwambiri kusiyana ndi zaka 15 zapitazi, ndi malo ogwira ntchito omwe akuthandiza anthu okhala ndi mavuto, thupi, ndi maganizo omwe amatha kusiyana nawo kale.
Akuluakulu okwana 1.4 miliyoni ku United States amakhala m'mausamalidwe okwana 15,700 omwe ali ndi luso lothandizira, pomwe pali malo okwana 36,000 omwe amathandizidwa ku US, okhala ndi mabedi oposa milioni.
Nyumba za achikulire ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amafunikira chidwi ndi kusamalidwa kwakukulu: kukhala ogona, ogwidwa kapena mabala omwe sali kuchiritsa, ndi kukhala ndi matenda ambiri monga matenda a shuga , matenda a mtima ndi kulephera kwa mtima . Nyumba za achikulire zikhonza kukhala zoyenera kwa anthu omwe amafunikira chisamaliro cha maola 24 ndikuyang'anizana ndi matenda a maganizo . Okhaokha a nyumba zaukhondo omwe amatha kuyendayenda amatha kuyenda popanda thandizo, ndipo pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu alionse amalandira mankhwala opatsirana pogonana.
Malo ogwiritsira ntchito othandizira ali othandizira kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi machitidwe apamwamba ndi odziimira okha omwe angapindule ndi zochitika zamasewera, zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi zoweta. Malingaliro apamwamba a moyo wothandizira akupereka anthu okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisankho ndi ufulu pa malo okhala ngati nyumba.
Ndalama ndi Gwero la Malipiro
Monga malo okhala okhala ndi maola 24, malo osungirako okalamba amakhalabe njira yamtengo wapatali kwambiri yosamalira chithandizo cha nthawi yaitali, ndi malipiro akuyandikira tsopano ndipo ena oposa $ 100,000 / chaka. Zambiri mwa ndalamazi zimayikidwa ndi pulogalamu ya Medicaid, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zisokonezeke m'mayiko ambiri.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ambiri omwe amathandiza anthu akulipira ndalama zawo, ngakhale kuti mayiko 41 amapereka mapulogalamu omwe amalola anthu okhala pakhomo kuti azikhala ndi moyo wothandiza.
Malamulo ndi Mavuto Ogwira Ntchito
Nyumba za azamayi zimayendetsedwa ndi boma la federal, pomwe maofesi omwe akuthandizira amathandizidwa ndi mayiko. Chizindikiro chothandiza kumalo osungirako malo ndikusamalira anthu ovuta, pafupifupi theka la maiko 50 adasintha malamulo awo okhudzana ndi moyo kuyambira 2008. Kugwira ntchito pachaka kumakhalabe kovuta pazomwezi, ndipo pamene namwino ayenera kukhala pa malo 24 tsiku lililonse m'masiku okalamba, m'moyo wothandizira umene sungakhale choncho. Mwachitsanzo, Tennessee, amafuna kuti namwino akhalepo ngati pakufunikira.
Kusamalira Mankhwala
Ali panyumba yosungirako okalamba, zimaonetseratu kuti anamwino amapereka mankhwala, m'malo operekera zinthu zinthu ndi murkier. M'madera ena, malamulowa ndi osamveka ponena za omwe antchito angathandizire ndi mankhwala, ndipo pafupifupi theka la malamulo ololedwa anamwino olembetsa kuti apereke mwayi wotsogolera mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala. Anthu okhala ndi matenda a shuga akusowa insulini kapena zowawa zomwe zimafuna kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo azilephera kulandira mankhwalawa kuchokera kwa ogwira ntchito othandiza.
Dementia
Maofesi onse okalamba ndi othandizira malo okhala amakhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer's and other dementia : zochitika zonsezi zili ndi magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse okhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha matenda a maganizo kapena zovuta zambiri za chidziwitso. Anthu makumi asanu ndi limodzi pa nyumba yosungirako okalamba omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chaumphawi ali ndi magawo ochepa komanso ovuta , poyerekeza ndi makumi anayi pazochita zothandizira. Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a maganizo m'moyo wothandizidwa, maiko ambiri tsopano athandiza miyezo yosamalira anthu okhalamo odwala matenda a maganizo.
Maofesi ena ali ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "kukumbukira katundu" kapena "pulogalamu yotetezeka ya dementia." Chisamaliro choterechi chimapangidwira kwa omwe ali pakatikati a chiwerengero cha dementia kumene angapindule ndi ntchito zomwe zimagwirizana ndi msinkhu wamaganizo.
Kawirikawiri, mapulogalamuwa ali ndi makomo awo ndipo amachokera chifukwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a 'dementia' amayendayenda ndipo ali pachiopsezo chotengeka.
Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. April 29, 2015. Care Nursing Home. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/nursing-home-care.htm
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. 2012. Anthu okhala kumalo osungirako zakuthupi: United States, 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db91.htm
-Edited by Esther Heerema, MSW