Mndandanda wa Zofufuzira Zaumoyo kwa Amuna

by Mark Stibich, PhD

Kodi Amuna Omwe Amawonetsera Thanzi Labwino Amafunika Chiyani?

Mayeso oyezetsa zaumoyo apangidwa kuti athandize amuna kuzindikira matenda nthawi yoyamba pomwe ntchito ingatengedwe pofuna kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa matenda.

Mayesero owonetsetsa zaumoyowa akusankhidwa mwachindunji ndi US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) chifukwa kuyang'ana koyambirira kungachititse kupewa ndi mankhwala omwe amapulumutsa miyoyo. Ngati kusunga moyo wanu sikokwanira kuti muyesetse kuyesa zoyezetsa, ndiye ganizirani za banja lanu kapena ndalama zomwe mungasunge pulogalamu ya chisamaliro pogwira chinachake mwamsanga musanawononge ndalama, njira zowonjezera zamakono zimayenera.

Ngati mukufuna thandizo kupeza dokotala, fufuzani UChulukitseni thanzi labwino kuti mupeze malo anu (sankhani "mankhwala othandiza," "kuchita zambiri" kapena "chizoloŵezi cha banja").

Za Zoyezetsa Zaumoyo kwa Amuna

Mndandanda wa mayeserowo unayambitsidwa ndi USPSTF. Anagwiritsa ntchito mauthenga onse a sayansi kuti athe kupeza mayesero omwe amagwira ntchito bwino, opereka chithandizo chochepetsetsa / chithandizo ndi zosavuta kuzichita. Phatikizani mayesero owonetsetsa zaumoyo ndi malangizo awa oletsa kupewa matenda ndi moyo wathanzi pa zotsatira zabwino.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mayesero owonetsetsa zaumoyo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa inu komanso nthawi yomwe muyenera kuyesedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mudzipereke nokha kuti mupambane. Dzipatseni nokha mphotho pa mayesero alionse omwe mumachita, ndipo onetsetsani kusunga zolemba zabwino za zotsatira za mayesero, masiku ndi pamene mukusowa mayesero otsatira. (Gwiritsani ntchito mndandanda wazitsanzo za mayesero oyeza zaumoyo.)

Kunenepa kwambiri

Muyenera kuwerengera thupi lanu lachisawawa (BMI).

Kungotenga kulemera kwanu (mu mapaundi) wogawidwa ndi masentimita anu. Tengani chiwerengero chimenecho ndikuchiphatikizapo ndi 703. (Njira yosavuta kupeza BMI yanu ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero cha Intaneti cha BMI.)

Ngati BMI yanu iposa 25, ndiye kuti mumakhala oposa kwambiri (pokhapokha mutakweza zolemera zambiri kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi).

Ngati BMI yanu ili pamwamba pa 30, ndiye kuti ndinu ochepa. Kulemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo matenda a mtima ndi shuga. Muyenera kuganizira za kuchepa thupi. Yambani ndi malangizidwewa chifukwa cha kupweteka kolemetsa.

High Cholesterol

Malingana ndi USPSTF: "Nthaŵi yabwino yoyesera kufufuza siidziwika. Potsatira maziko ena ndi maganizo a akatswiri, zosankha zabwino zimaphatikizapo zaka zisanu ndi zisanu, nthawi yayifupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiwerengero cha mankhwala omwe amakhala pafupi ndi omwe akuyenera kulandira mankhwala, ndipo nthawi yayitali kwa iwo osati pa chiopsezo chowonjezereka omwe akhala akuwongolera mobwerezabwereza. "

Ngati ndinu wamng'ono kuposa 35 ndipo mumasuta kapena muli ndi matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena matenda a mtima m'banja mwanu, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyang'anitsitsa cholesterol yanu kwambiri. Mayesero a cholesterol amagwiritsa ntchito pini yophweka. Malo ambiri ogwira ntchito, masewera, malo ogula zakudya komanso ngakhale malo akuluakulu amapereka masiku angapo owonetsera kolesterolini. Gwiritsani ntchito masiku amenewo, kapena ingopempha dokotala kuti ayese.

Kupanikizika Kwambiri kwa Magazi

Nthawi yeniyeni yowunikira matenda oopsa kwambiri sadziwika. Mndandanda wa bungwe la United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) wa 2007 umalimbikitsa kupenda zaka ziwiri zilizonse kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya magazi (tsamba 100) pansi pa 120 mHg ndi diastolic ya magazi (chiwerengero cha pansi) pansi pa 80 mmHg ndi chaka chonse kwa anthu omwe ali ndi magazi a systolic 120 mpaka 139 mmHg kapena diastolic magazi kuchokera 80 mpaka 89 mmHg.

Ngati mutayang'anizana ndi ofesi ya dokotala (kunena, pogwiritsa ntchito makina pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo), ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi 140/90 kapena pamwamba, pangani chiwonetsero ndi dokotala wanu ndipo muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa moyo kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi .

Khansara ya Colon

Pokhapokha mutakhala ndi mbiri ya khansa yamtunda mumtundu wanu, mutha kuyembekezera mpaka 50 kuti muyambe kuyang'ana khansa yapakhungu. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya khansa yamtundu wa banja lanu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kukonza kanema wa kansa. Kuwonetsa kansa ya coloni kungaphatikizepo colonoscopy. Sindiyeso yosangalatsa, koma ndi bwino kwambiri kuposa kukhala ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mankhwala ena a khansa yapamtunda yapamtunda ngati simugwira mwamsanga.

Matenda a shuga

Ngati muli ndi cholesterol kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, muyenera kuyesedwa kawirikawiri ndi matenda a shuga. Mayesowa ndi mayeso ochepa a magazi.

Kansa ya Khungu

Kwa khansara ya khungu, mukhoza kuchita zochuluka mwa kungoyang'anitsitsa mamembala a thupi lanu. Yang'anani bwino payekha ndikuyang'anitsitsa kusintha kwachilendo (onani kansalu khungu ili kuti mudziwe zambiri). Tengani zithunzi ngati mukufuna, kotero mutha kusonyeza dokotala ngati zinthu zasintha. Ngati muwona zizindikiro zina za khansa ya khungu, konzani nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati mwakhala mukuwombera dzuwa, mungathe kuyankhula ndi dermatologist kuti mukhazikitse maziko, koma zotsatila zamakono siziwona phindu la kuwonetsa thupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo.

Kansa ya Prostate

Zikutanthauza kuti kuyesa kansa ya prostate kumatsutsana. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti amuna onse ayenera kufufuzidwa, ena amakhulupirira kuti amuna okha omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ayenera kuwonedwa pamene ena amakhulupirira kuti kanema ya prostate siyothandiza konse. Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani? Muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndi kubweretsa mbiri ya banja lanu la kansa ya prostate.

Kusokonezeka maganizo

Kusokonezeka maganizo nthawi zambiri kumanyalanyaza pamene mukuyankhula za kuyesa zoyezetsa magazi kwa amayi. Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi matenda aakulu omwe amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala komanso mankhwala.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kupanikizika ndikumverera pansi ndi / kapena kukhala ndi chidwi pang'ono kapena zosangalatsa pakuchita zinthu kwa masabata awiri a zambiri.

Ngati malongosoledwewa akugwirizana ndi inu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyesedwa kozama kwambiri poyesedwa.

Matenda opatsirana pogonana

Matendawa ndi osowa, ma syphilis, Chlamydia, ndi ena (onani HIV pansipa). Ngati mukuchita zogonana, ganizirani kuti mumayesedwa kawirikawiri, makamaka ngati muli ndi zochitika zogonana mosadziteteza.

Zojambulazi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mayeso ophweka a magazi ndipo akhoza kuchitidwa mwachinsinsi. Kumbukirani, nthawi zonse muzigwiritsa ntchito njira zogonana zolimbitsa.

HIV

HIV ndi mliri wamakono komanso woopsa. Mwamwayi, mankhwala atsopano apindulitsa kwambiri khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa moyo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HIV.

Muyenera kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi mayesero ena omwe mukuyesedwa. Kuyeza kachirombo ka HIV kuyenera kubwerezedwa chaka ndi chaka ngati mwakhala ndi zochitika zomwe zimakuchititsani ngozi zambiri, monga:

kugonana kosatetezeka ndi anthu ambiri
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ozunguza jekeseni (kale kapena lero)
Kusinthana kugonana pofuna ndalama (inu kapena mnzanu)
kugonana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kapena amene amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
chithandizo chamakono cha matenda opatsirana pogonana
kuikidwa magazi pakati pa 1978 ndi 1985

Kuyezetsa kachirombo ka HIV kungatheke poyesera magazi. Zotsatira ndizobisika, ndipo zinthu zambiri zimapezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HIV, kuphatikizapo mankhwala atsopano ndi mankhwala.

Mimba Aortic Aneurysm

Amuna a zaka zapakati pa 65 ndi 75 omwe asuta fodya 100 m'moyo wawo (onetsetsani pano) ayenera kuwonedwa nthawi imodzi kuti aortic aneurysm ya m'mimba (makamaka, chotengera cha magazi mumatumbo anu omwe amatupa).

Gwiritsani ntchito tebulo ili monga chitsogozo cha momwe mungayang'anire mayesero anu owonetsetsa thanzi lanu, lembani zotsatira ndi kudziwa nthawi yoti muyambe kuyesa.

_{Kasupe (s):}

_{Amuna: Khalani ndi Thanzi Labwino M'nthaŵi Zonse-Momwe Mumayendera Zaumoyo.} _{AHRQ Publication No. 07-IP006-A, February 2007. Bungwe la Healthcare Research ndi Quality, Rockville, MD.} _{http://www.ahrq.gov/ppip/healthymen.htm.}