Mitundu ya Progestin mu Kuphatikiza Kugonana Mankhwala

Zotsatira za mahomoni zimasiyana ndi ma progesitanti

Mankhwala onse okhudzana ndi kubereka ali ndi estrogen (makamaka ethinyl estradiol ) ndi imodzi mwa mitundu eyiti ya progestin. Mawu akuti progesin amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chinthu chilichonse chachibadwa kapena chopangidwa ndi munthu chomwe chiri ndi zinthu zofanana ndi progesterone yachilengedwe. Mapulojekiti amagawidwa ndi chibadwidwe, chomwe chimangosonyeza pamene iwo adayikidwa ku msika ndipo osati kusiyana kwa mankhwala awo kapena momwe amachitira.

Kuti mumvetse bwino momwe progesin ingakhazikitsire, ndizothandiza kufotokoza mtundu wa zotsatira zomwe progesin zingakhale nazo pa thupi lachikazi :

• Mavuto a Progestational amathandiza kuteteza ovulation ndi kuchepetsa kusamba kwa magazi.
• Androgenic zotsatira zimaonedwa ngati zosafunika zomwe zimawoneka ngati ziphuphu ndi thupi la kukula.
• Zotsatira za Estrogenic zimadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ethinyl estradiol m'mipiritsi. Zotsatirazi zimathandiza kuthana ndi zotsatira za androgenic.

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Norethindrone

Norethindrone ndi progesin ya m'badwo woyamba yopezeka muzomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha , biphasic ndi triphasic . Icho chiri ndi zotsika zochepa kwambiri komanso zochepa zochitika za estrogenic. Zimakhala zochepa kwambiri komanso zowonjezereka kusiyana ndi progestins (lavonorgestrel ndi norgestrel), koma zambiri ndi androgenic kusiyana ndi zowonjezera zatsopano, monga deogestrel. Pa mankhwala ochepa (mapiritsi aliwonse osachepera 50 mcg ya ethinyl estradiol), progesin iyi imapanga mbiri ya lipid ndi kulera HDL ndikuchepetsa LDL cholesterol.

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Norethindrone Acetate

Norethindrone acetate ndizowonjezereka zochitika zowonjezereka komanso zochepa zazomwe zikuchitika. Ndilo progesin ya m'badwo woyamba. Zimakhala zochepa komanso zowonjezereka kuposa zowonjezereka, koma zowonjezereka kuposa zowonjezera zatsopano, monga deogestrel. Mtundu wotchedwa Estrostep unalinganizidwa kuti ufanane kwambiri ndi msinkhu wa msinkhu wa mkazi pomapereka kuchuluka kwa estrogen ndi mlingo wa progestin. Ndilo chizindikiro chokha chokhachokha ndi katatu. Chizindikiro ichi chingakhale chothandiza kwa amayi omwe ali ndi zotsatira zochepa za ma estrogen monga kunyozetsa, migraines , kapena kusungira madzi ndi mapiritsi ena.

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Ethynodiol Diacetate

Ethynodiol diacetate ndiyambiri yazaka zakubadwa zowonjezereka. Zili ndi zotsatira zochepa za estrogenic ndi ntchito yaying'ono ya androgenic. Ethynodiol diacetate ndi chiyambi cha norethindrone, choncho imasinthika mosavuta ku norethindrone mkati mwa thupi. Mapiritsi oletsa kubadwa okhala ndi ethynodiol diacetate amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuwonjezeka koyambirira kapena pakatikati pathu kupyolera m'magazi ndi kuwoneka poyerekeza ndi mapiritsi ena. Komabe, miyezo ya estrojeni yapamwamba ikhoza kutsutsana ndi mwayi wopatsirana magazi , choncho mankhwala a mapiritsi omwe ali ndi madigiri apamwamba a estrogen akhoza kuchepetsa zotsatirazi.

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Levonorgestrel

Levonorgestrel ndi mbadwo wachiwiri wa progestin ndipo ndiwo omwe amapatsidwa chithandizo chachikulu chokhudzana ndi chithandizo padziko lonse lapansi. Icho chiri ndi progesational kwambiri ndi androgenic zotsatira. Levonorgestrel amakhumudwitsa kwambiri satana lipoproteins. Mankhwala ochepa otchedwa estrogen omwe ali ndi progestin awa alipo. Levonorgestrel kubadwa kwagwirizananso ndi FDA yovomerezeka kuti zitha kulandira chithandizo mwamsanga (monga Plan B One Step and Next Choice ). The FDA yanena kuti mapiritsi onse ogwiritsidwa ndi progesin ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito mwachangu pa njira ya Yuzpe. A FDA adavomereza malemba atatu a mapiritsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito progestin-Seasonale, Seasonique , ndi Lybrel .

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Norgestrel

Norgestrel (kachiwiri-generation generation progestin) ndi chisakanizo cha zonse zomwe zimakhala zosavuta komanso zogwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri komanso zovuta kugwira ntchito ndi isudzo-dextro-norgestrel (yosagwira ntchito) ndi levonorgestrel (biologicalically active). Norgestrel imakhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezereka komanso zamphamvu za anti -rogen komanso zimakhala zazikulu mu ntchito ya androgenic.

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Desogestrel

Desogestrel ndi mbadwo wotsatira wachitatu wotsutsana ndi progestational selectivity, kuchepetsa zotsatira za androgenic ndi ntchito ya estrogenic. Zimasonyeza zotsatira zochepa pa kuchepa kwa thupi, kulemera kwapakhosi, ziphuphu, ndi zotsatira zina zomwe zimachitika zakale. Zimasonyeza zotsatira zabwino pa lipoproteins monga momwe zikuwonera ndi kukwera pang'ono kwa HDL cholesterol. Mayesero am'zipatala amasonyeza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatha kupweteka ndi mapiritsi a desogestrel poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi levonorgestrel. Mircette (piritsi yochepa ya estrogen / deogestrel) amapereka nthawi yayitali, yomwe ingakhale yothandiza kwa amayi omwe ali ndi migraines, dysmenorrhea , kapena mavuto ena sabata lirilonse. Pulogalamu yochepa ya estrogen / yosiyana ya desogestrel katatu, Cyclessa, imapezekanso.

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Osgestimate

Nthendayi, mbadwo wachitatu wa progestin, uli ndi ntchito yowonjezereka kwambiri pamene ikuonetsa zotsatira zochepa za estrogenic ndipo imakhala yochepa kwambiri. Zimakhalanso ndi zotsatira zochepa pa serum lipoproteins komanso pa zakudya zamagulu. Zotsatira zochepa za azorrogenic zomwe zimakhala zosavomerezeka zapangitsa kuti chithandizo cha ma acne chipambane bwino. Ndipotu, mapiritsi oletsa kubereka omwe ali ndi apadera ndi omwe okha FDA amavomereza kuti athe kuchepetsa mavitamini. Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimapereka mlingo woyenera komanso wa pakati pa estrogen. Choncho piritsi iyi ikhoza kuthandizira kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa monga kunyozetsa ndi kusanza popanda kuwonjezera kuwonjezeka kwa mankhwala (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapiritsi otsika a estrogen).

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Drospirenone

Drospirenone ndi progestin yokha yomwe imachokera ku 17a-spirolactoneis. Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutsekemera kwa mahomoni omwe amayendetsa madzi a thupi ndi electrolytes. Ilinso ndi ntchito yochepa ya androgenic. Drospirenone ndi estrogen zikuwoneka kuti sizichepetsa zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa PMS (kuwonjezeka kwa njala, kukhumudwa, ndi kusunga madzi). Drospirenone ingachititse kuti potaziyamu ikhale yochuluka, choncho amayi a impso, chiwindi, kapena adrenal matenda sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito. Mankhwala YAZ ndi Beyaz ali ndi mapiritsi otha masiku 24 ndi masiku anayi a mapiritsi a placebo. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kungayambitse kuchepa kwa ma hormone kusiyana ndi mapiritsi omwe amapezeka. YAZ yathandizidwa ndi FDA kuti athandize matenda odwala matenda osokoneza bongo komanso amachititsa nkhanza zapakati pa zaka 14 ndipakati.

> Chitsime:

> Progestin (Msewu wamanjira, Njira ya Parenteral, Njira yamagulu). Laibulale ya National National Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0011857/?report=details.