Chizindikiro Chachizindikiro cha Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS) ndi vuto lovuta lomwe limakhudza pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya amayi omwe ali ndi zaka zobala. Azimayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyana siyana kuchokera ku kusintha kwa maonekedwe ndi khungu (ma acne, tsitsi lakuda kwambiri) ku nthawi zosawerengeka ndi mavuto a kubereka.
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito PCOS amayesetsa kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa.
Ngakhale pakali pano palibe mankhwala a PCOS, mukhoza kuchepetsa zotsatira za matendawa mwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kusamalira zizindikiro mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mankhwala Omwe Angagwiritsidwe Ntchito Poyendetsa Kusamba kwa Msambo
PCOS imadziwika ndi zosawonongeka za mahomoni zomwe zingabweretse nthawi zosavuta ( oligomenorrhea ) kapena nthawi zochepa ( amenorrhea ). Izi ndi zina zosawonongeka za mahomoni zingachepetse mphamvu ya mkazi kutenga mimba. Mankhwalawa amawongolera ma hormoni kuti abwezeretse msambo wokha msambo.
Njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi Provera, onsewa amachititsa kuti thupi lanu likhale ndi progesterone. Poyambitsa mahomoni, chiberekero cha uterine chikhoza kutsanulidwa mobwerezabwereza, kuteteza kuphulika kwa minofu chifukwa cha kusowa kapena kusasintha nthawi.
Mankhwala a shuga (metformin), mankhwala a shuga, amapereka phindu lokha la kuchepetsa kusamvana kwa insulin komwe kumawonekera kwa amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS pamene akuyamba kusamba nthawi zonse.
Mankhwala Omwe Amafunika Kuteteza Opanda Phindu
Kusagwirizana kwa mahomoni okhudzana ndi PCOS kungabweretseretu ovulation (absent) kapena kutaya. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochizira ichi, kuonjezera ubwino wa dzira (oocyte) ndi ovulation.Zomwe zimachitika, mankhwala oyambirira ndi mankhwala okhudzana ndi chonde Clomid (clomiphene citrate) ndi Femara (letrozole).
Ngakhale kuti Clomid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popititsa patsogolo ovulation, Femara ikhoza kugwira bwino ntchito kwa amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS chifukwa sichikweza maeresijeni kapena kumaonjezera chiopsezo cha kubadwa kochulukira mofanana ndi Clomid.
Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikitsa ovulation, kuphatikizapo:
- Mahomoni opatsa mpweya (FSH) , omwe amachititsa kukula kwa dzira
- Luteinizing hormone (LH), yomwe imayambitsa kutuluka kwa dzira kuchokera ku ovary
- Mankhwala a chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) , omwe amatsimikizira kusasitsa kwa dzira
- Estrace (estrogen) , yomwe imakonzekera chiberekero kuti alandire dzira
- Provera (progesterone) , yomwe imakonzekera chiberekero cha kukhazikitsidwa
- Menopur (menotropins), yomwe imapereka FSH ndi LH mwa jekeseni
- Bravelle (urofollitropin), yomwe imapereka FSH ndi jekeseni
Pakalipano, mankhwala osaphatikizapo mavitamini, inositol , asonyezedwa kuti apangitse khalidwe la oocyte ndi ubwana pamene akukula mimba m'mimba mwa amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS.
Mankhwala Oyenera Kuteteza Kukanikiza Kwazirombo
Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS adzakhala ndi matenda a shuga kapena matenda a shuga ali ndi zaka 40. Komanso, ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo (shuga) panthawi yoyembekezera.
Mankhwala a shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuti athe kuchepetsa shuga ndi insulini m'mayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a insulin.
Kuwonjezera apo, kusintha kwa moyo wosankha, kuphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya zochepa m'mafuta ndi shuga woyengedwa, zimaonedwa kuti ndizofunikira pa chithandizo.
Njira zothandizira mankhwala ndizo:
- Glucophage (metformin) , yomwe ingathetse matenda a shuga ndi kuthandizira kulemera kwake
- Victoza (liraglutide) , mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa insulini ndi ma shuga
- Actos (pioglitazone), kalasi ya mankhwala osakaniza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa shuga wambiri wa magazi
- Avandia (rosiglitazone), mankhwala osakaniza a m'kalasi lomwelo monga pioglitazone
- Avandamet, kuphatikiza rosiglitazone ndi metformin.
Mankhwala Othandizira Ndi Kutaya Kwambiri
Pafupifupi theka la amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS ndi olemera kwambiri kapena olemera kwambiri.
Sikuti PCOS imathandiza kuti phindu likhale lolemera, zomwe zimapangitsa akazi kukhala olemera kwambiri . Kuphatikiza pa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya, mankhwala ochiritsira nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuperewera kwa thupi, ngakhale kuti amakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa.
Zosankha zamakono zili monga:
- Xenical (orlistat), mankhwala omwe amatha kuteteza kuyamwa kwa mafuta
- Qsymia (phentermine / topiramate), chilakolako chofuna kudya
- Belviq (lorcaserin), chilakolako china chofuna kudya
- Kusiyanitsa (naltrexone / bupropion), zomwe zingalepheretse kukhumba kwa zakudya
- Saxenda (liraglutide) , omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a insulin ndi kunenepa kwambiri
- Inositol , yowonjezeretsa zachilengedwe yomwe imakhudzana ndi kulemera kwa amayi ndi PCOS
Mankhwala Amene Amayenera Kuchita Kukula kwa Maso ndi Maso
Amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mahomoni akuluakulu (androgens), kuphatikizapo testosterone. Mankhwala a antirojeni amagwira ntchito poletsa kusakanikirana kwa mahomoniwa ndi kuchepetsa makhalidwe achimuna achimuna, kuphatikizapo hirsutism (tsitsi lakuda komanso tsitsi).
Njira zothandizira ndizo:
- Kachilomboka (spironolactone) , diuretic yomwe ili ndi zotsatira zotsutsa ndi androgenic
- Vaniqa (eflornithine hydrochloride) , zonona zonunkhira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tsitsi lizikula
- Propecia (finasteride) , yogwiritsidwa ntchito pambali kuti athetse tsitsi la amayi mwa PCOS
Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa tsitsi, kukula kwa torogen kungapangitse chitukuko cha acne. Nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa ndi mapuloteni omwe amapanga benzoyl peroxide , salicylic acid , retinoids , kapena antibiotic .
Mawu Ochokera
Polimbana ndi zizindikiro zanu za PCOS, muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu. Pakhoza kukhala mankhwala omwe sali oyenera kwa inu chifukwa cha zikhalidwe zina zaumoyo, kuyanjana kwa mankhwala, ndi zina. Onetsetsani kuti mumvetsetsa mankhwala omwe akulimbikitsidwa komanso momwe mungatengere mankhwalawa moyenera.
Chitsime:
> Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (19th edition). New York: Maphunziro a McGraw-Hill, 2015.