Kufufuza Mutu Woyera wa Ubongo
Microglia ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono m'katikati mwa mitsempha yamkati (CNS), yomwe ili ndi ubongo wanu ndi msana. Pamene ali aang'ono, ali ndi udindo waukulu: Ndiwo mzere woyamba wa chitetezo mu CNS yopatulira chitetezo cha mthupi.
Mawu oti "glia" kwenikweni amatanthauza "gulu." Maselo ofiira amapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo amathandizira njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira mazira, kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito (njira yotchedwa reuptake) ndi kutsekemera ma neuroni (monga myelin sheaths), omwe amafunikira kuti agwire bwino.
(Kuwonongeka kwa sheels ya myelin ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha multiple sclerosis .)
Micro imatanthauza "yaing'ono," kotero "microglia" kwenikweni amatanthauza maselo ang'onoang'ono a glial.
Microglia amatha kusunthira momasuka ubongo ndi mzere wa msana kumalo kumene kuli kuvulala kapena matenda. Mukakhala kumeneko, amakhala ngati alamu pochenjeza mbali zina za chitetezo cha mthupi ku vuto lomwe thupi lanu lingayesere. Mbalame yawo siichitika kamodzi kokha khungu likuleredwa, ngakhale. Microglia ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri yothetsera vutoli.
Mofanana ndi machitidwe ena a chitetezo cha mthupi, zochitika za microglial zingachititse kutupa. Kutupa ndi gawo lofunikira la machiritso, kotero mwanjira imeneyo, ndi chinthu chabwino. Ngati izo zikhala zosalekeza, komabe kutupa kungayambitse mavuto aakulu a thanzi kuposa kupweteka komanso kusokonezeka.
Mu sayansi ya zamankhwala, microglia ndi zatsopano zowululidwa ndipo pali zambiri zomwe sitikumvetsa za iwo.
Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti akugwira nawo pafupifupi matenda onse a ubongo.
Mphungu ya Microglia ndi Ubongo
Mu fibromyalgia ndi matenda otopa matenda, microglia ingakhale imodzi mwa zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza ubongo (aka furo kapena ubongo wa ubongo.) Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti kukhalapo kwa ma molekyulu mu ubongo wathu kungachititse kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonjezere komanso kuti tigwire ntchito, zomwe zimawonjezera kutukusira kumaloko ndi kusokoneza momwe ubongo wathu umagwirira ntchito pamalo amenewo.
Kafukufuku wa 2014 umasonyeza kuti kupyolera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'kati mwa msana kungakhale ndi udindo, mwa magawo ena, chifukwa cha mitundu iŵiri yowawa ya matenda operewera kwa matenda: hyperalgesia mu minofu, ndi minofu ya allodynia . Mitundu yonse ya zopwetekazi ndizofunikira kwambiri za fibromyalgia.
Hyperalgesia ndiyo kupangitsa kupweteka kwakukulu ndi dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha, makamaka "kutembenuza voliyumu." Ndicho chifukwa chake kuvulala kumapweteka kwambiri, komanso ululu wammbuyo umakhalapo kuyambira musanakhale ndi matenda odwala kwambiri pamene matenda a fibromyalgia kapena matenda otopa amatha.
Allodynia ndi ululu kuchokera ku chinthu chomwe sichimayambitsa ululu. Zolemba zamagetsi ndizopweteka zomwe zimachitika makamaka mwa kuyenda. Izi zikutanthauza kupaka minofu kapena chinthu chochepa ngati zovala zogwirira khungu lanu zingayambitse ululu waukulu.
Kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kuti microglia imakhudzidwanso ndi chida cha tactile (ululu wochokera kupsinjika, monga chiuno) ndipo zingapangitse kapena kupweteka ndi njira zina osati kutupa. (Zomwe njirazi ziliri ndizochita kafukufuku omwe sakuyenera kuchita.)
Kafufuzidwe ka majeremusi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi fibromyalgia amasonyeza kuti mwina zamoyo zina zimayambitsa kupweteka poyendetsa ntchito ya microglia mumsana.
Maphunzirowa amangotithandiza kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za fibromyalgia ndi matenda otopa kwambiri koma zimatithandiza kuzindikira zolinga za kafukufuku wamtsogolo komanso mankhwala. Mankhwala amodzi omwe amakhulupirira kuti amachepetsa ntchito ya microglia- mlingo wotsika naltrexone -has analandira chidwi cha kafukufuku pazinthu izi. Mankhwala awa ali kale pa msika koma pakalipano sanavomerezedwe kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu zikhalidwe izi, kotero izo ziyenera kulamulidwa kuchoka-chizindikiro.
Zotsatira:
Graeber MB, Christie MJ. Katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo. 2012 Apr; 234 (2): 255-61. Njira zambiri za microglia: zopereka za mlonda wa pakhomo pa zowawa.
Kuwala KC, et al. Kafukufuku wopweteka ndi mankhwala. 2012; 2012: 427869. Ma Genetics ndi majini omwe amachititsa kuti munthu azivutika maganizo komanso azivutika maganizo amatha kudwala matenda a fibromyalgia popanda komanso matenda osokoneza bongo.
Tambuyzer BR, Ponsaerts P, Nouwen EJ. Journal of leukocyte biology. 2009 Mar; 85 (3): 352-70. Microglia: alonda a pachipatala ma immunology.
Theoharides TC, et al. Malire mu chiphunzitso cha sayansi. 2015 Jul 3; 9: 225. Ubongo "utsi," kutupa ndi kunenepa kwambiri; Zinthu zazikuluzikulu za matenda a neuropsychiatric amathandizidwa ndi luteolin.
Yasui M, et al. Glia. 2014 Sep; 62 (9): 1407-17. Chitsanzo cha matenda otopa kwambiri amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino komanso likhale lopweteka kwambiri.