Mmene Mitsempha Yomwe Imakhudzira Mitsempha Yopweteka Imatha Kukhumudwitsa Maphunziro a ophunzira
Matenda a masomphenya ali ofala mu multiple sclerosis (MS) , chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kotentha kwa mitsempha ya optic. Chimodzi mwa zizindikilo zochepa zomwe zimadziwika ndi chidziwitso chotchedwa Marcus Gunn wophunzira momwe wophunzira amalephera kukhalira (kuchepa) momwe ziyenera kukhalira pamene kuwala kukuwalira.
Marcus Gunn wophunzira akhoza kukhala wosasamala kapena wowopsya ngati simukudziwa zomwe zikuchitika.
Nthaŵi zina, vutoli likhoza kuzindikiridwa pamene dokotala kapena ophthalmologist amachita kachitidwe kake kawirikawiri. Nthawi zina, zikhoza kuoneka poyang'ana pagalasi kapena kuwona ndi ena, makamaka ngati muli ndi maso owala.
Ngakhale kuti Marcus Gunn wophunzira sakhala yekhayo amene amasonyeza chizindikiro cha MS, pali zifukwa zomwe zidzawonekera limodzi ndi mavuto ena a masomphenya ngati zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa.
Chifukwa cha Marcus Gunn Mwana
Marcus Gunn wophunzira (yemwe amadziwikanso kuti wachibale wamtundu wotchedwa pupillary defect, kapena RAPD) amapezeka pamene mitsempha yopita ku ubongo kupita ku diso lokhudzidwa ndi yovuta.
Matenda ambiri amagwira ntchito yowonongeka yomwe imayambitsa kupweteka kwa chitetezo cha mitsempha (yotchedwa myelin sheath ). Izi zikachitika, mitsempha yowonekera ingawonongeke kapena kulephera kulankhulana wina ndi mzake momwe ayenera.
Malinga ndi kumene kuwonongeka kumachitika, minofu yomwe imakhudzidwa ikhoza kukhala ndi mapuloteni omwe amadziwika ndi matenda opititsa patsogolo.
Izi zikachitika pa mitsempha ya optic ndi / kapena retina, munthu akhoza kuona zizindikiro za optic neuritis
Zizindikirozi zimasiyana malinga ndi malo kapena malo omwe mulipo. Zitha kuchitika pa imodzi kapena zonsezi ndipo zingaphatikizepo izi:
- Mthunzi wosasunthika kumbuyo kwa diso lanu
- Ululu mukakusuntha diso lako
- Kusokonezeka kwa masomphenya kapena kutayika
- Kusamba kapena kutayika kwa masomphenya a mtundu
- Masomphenya ocheperachepera
- Kuwala kowala kapena kowala
Kuphatikiza pa masomphenyawo, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumakhudzanso kuyenda kwa diso ndi kutsogolera masomphenya awiri ( diplopia ) ndi kayendedwe ka maso kosasamala ( nystagmus ).
Marcus Gunn wophunzira ndi mbali ya zizindikiro za optic neuritis. Sizimangowoneka zokha ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo ndi masomphenya osowa, ululu wa maso, ndi kupweteka mutu.
Kudziwa kwa Marcus Gunn Mwana
Kuyesera kowala kumayesetsero ndiyeso yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito kugwiritsira ntchito Marcus Gunn wophunzira.
Kawirikawiri, pamene kuwala kukuwonekera m'maso, onse awiri amatha nthawi imodzi (yankho lotchedwa pupillary light reflex ). Izi sizikuchitika ndi Marcus Gunn wophunzira. M'malo mwake, pamene kuwala kukulowetsedwera mu diso lomwe lakhudzidwa, padzakhala kungokhala kosavuta kwa ophunzira onse (kapena, poyipa kwambiri, kukambirana).
Kuwopsa kwa chizindikirocho kungathe kusankhidwa motere:
- Wofatsa RAPD, wodziwika ndi woperewera wopaleshoni wophunzira pambuyo pake
- RAPD yochepa yomwe kukula kwa mwanayo sikusinthika
- RAPD yopambana yomwe wophunzirayo wakhudzidwa amadzichepetsa mpaka kukula kwake
Kuchiza kwa wophunzira Marcus Gunn
Malingana ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro, madokotala angathe kusankha chithandizo chomwe chilipo, ngati chilipo.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa MS-optic neuritis nthawi zambiri kumadziletsa, kutanthauza kuti kawirikawiri kumachitika panthawi yobwerezabwereza ndikukhazikitsa yekha popanda kuchiza. Nthawi zina mankhwala amafunika, mankhwala osokoneza bongo angapangidwe.
Steroids imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza optic neuritis, yoperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a intravenously kapena piritsi. Pakakhala masomphenya osowa kwambiri, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito plasma ( plasmapheresis ) angakonzedwe.
> Chitsime:
> Blazek, P .; Davis, S .; Greenberg, B. et al. "Cholinga chowonetsera cholakwika cha pupillary defect in MS." J Neuro Sci. 2012; 232 (1-2): 193-200.