Mitral regurgitation (MR) , " valve " ya mitral , ndiyo mtundu wambiri wa matenda a valve. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi MR nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zizindikiro, ndipo amatha kukhazikika kwa zaka zambiri komanso nthawi zambiri pa moyo wawo wonse. Komabe, mwa anthu ena MR potsirizira pake amapereka chiwonongeko cha mtima, ndipo zotsatira zake zimatha. Zikatero, mtima wosalephera sungasinthidwe.
Chinyengo choletsa kulephera kwa mtima ndi MR ndiko kuzindikira nthaŵi yomwe mtima ukuyamba kubwezera, koma zizindikiro za mtima sizikupezeka .
Kotero ngati muli ndi MR, ndi kofunika kuti muzifufuza nthawi zonse ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi MR, komanso kuti muone ngati matenda anu ali otsika kapena ngati akukulirakulira. Njirayi imatchedwa "staging" MR.
Kuzindikira malo a MR kungakuthandizeni inu ndi dokotala wanu kusankha ngati mukufuna thandizo la opaleshoni, ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, kuti mudziwe nthawi yoyenera yothandizira odwala ngati mukufuna.
Ndondomeko ya Chronic Chronic Mitral
Akatswiri a cardilo amagawanitsa MR osatha kukhala "magawo atatu". Kuzindikira masitepe a MR wanu kumathandiza katswiri wanu wamaganizo kuti adziwe ngati opaleshoni yamagetsi ya mitral ingafunike.
Gawo Lolipidwa. Patsikuli la MR, mtima ndi mtima wamasinthika "zasintha" kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yomwe yaikidwa kumapeto kwa ventricle ndi valve yowonongeka.
Mtima umaphatikizapo kukulitsa pang'ono, koma minofu yamtima yowonongeka ikugwira ntchito mosavuta. Anthu omwe ali ndi malipiro a MR ambiri safotokoza zizindikiro, ngakhale kuti mphamvu zawo zowonongeka zimachepetsedwa ngati ayesedwa . Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ochepa, omwe ali ndi matendawa, amakhalabe panthawi ya moyo wawo wonse.
Gawo lachidule. Pa zifukwa zomwe sizikuwoneka bwino, anthu ena omwe ali ndi MR adzakhala pang'onopang'ono "kusintha" kuchoka kumalipiro oyenera. Choyenera, opaleshoni yokonza opaleshoni iyenera kuchitika panthawi imeneyi, pamene chiopsezo cha opaleshoni n'chochepa ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zabwino.
Pakatikatikatikatikatikatikatikati ya mtima mtima umayamba kukulitsa, zovuta za mtima zimawuka, ndipo kachigawo kakang'ono ka ejection kakagwa. Ngakhale odwala patsikuli ali ndi zifukwa zambiri zofotokozera zizindikiro za dyspnea ndi kusagwirizana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, ambiri samazindikira zizindikiro zowonjezereka mpaka MR awo apita ku gawo lachitatu. Izi ndizovuta, chifukwa kuchedwa kwa opaleshoni mpaka siteji yobwezeretsayo ingakhale yopweteka.
Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kamodzi kowopsa kwa ma ARV kamakhalapo pamaso pa MR, makamaka ngati chikuphatikizidwa ndi kutaya kwa atrium kumanzere, mfundo yokhayo iyenera kusonyeza kuti siteji yowonjezereka yafika, choncho, opaleshoni yokonzanso ma valve ayenera kukhala osachepera akuganiziridwa.
Gawo la Decompensated. Odwala omwe ali ndi gawo loperewera kwambiri amakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa mtima, komanso zizindikiro za mtima wosalimba. Pomwe gawo lopatsirizidwa lidachitika, matenda a mtima (kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya mtima) alipo, ndipo adzakhalabebe ngakhale kuti valve mitral isakonzedwe.
Choncho opaleshoni yokonza opaleshoni imakhala yoopsa kwambiri, ndipo sichikhoza kubweretsa zotsatira zovomerezeka.
Kufunika Kwambiri Kudzaza Mtengo Wathu
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti "tigwire" gawo lachinsinsi la MR isanafike patsogolo. Pachifukwa ichi, ngati muli ndi MR muyenera kukhala ndizowunika zamankhwala. Mwa zina, nkofunika kuti dokotala wanu azindikire bwinobwino ngati zizindikiro zatsopano zomwe mukukumana nazo ndi chifukwa cha MR. Kuphatikiza apo, maofesi afupipafupi amafunika nthawi kuti athandizire dokotala kuti azindikire malo anu a mitral ndi zipinda za mtima.
Ngati muli ndi MR, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti dokotala akuyang'anira njira yoyenera - ndipo inuyo nokha muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za kupuma pang'ono, kapena kuchepa kwodzipereka.
Zotsatira:
Bonow, RO, Carabello, BA, Chatterjee, K, ndi al. 2008 Kuwonetseratu kwapadera kumene kunaphatikizidwa ndi malangizo a ACC / AHA 2006 otsogolera odwala matenda a mtima wa valvular: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Ntchito Yogwiritsa Ntchito Malangizo Othandizira (Komiti Yolemba Kukonzekera Malangizo a 1998 a Ulamuliro Odwala Amene Ali Ndi Matenda a Mtima wa Valvular): Ovomerezedwa ndi Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, ndi Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Kuyendayenda kwa 2008; 118: e523.
Vahanian, A, Baumgartner, H, Bax, J, et al. Malangizo otsogolera matenda a mtima wa valvular: Task Force on Management of Valvular Mtima Matenda a European Society of Cardiology. Mtima; 28: 230.