St. Jude ndi Cyber Kuvulazidwa kwa Zipangizo Zamankhwala
Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2016 ndi kumayambiriro kwa 2017, mauthenga a nyuzipepala amavomereza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi zolinga zolakwika angasokoneze chipangizo chachipatala chokhazikika ndipo amachititsa mavuto aakulu. Mwapadera, zipangizo zomwe zili mu funsoli zimagulitsidwa ndi St. Jude Medical, Inc., ndipo zimaphatikizapo zivomezi (zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito sinus bradycardia ndi mtima block ), zowonongeka zowonongeka (ICDs) (zomwe zimachitira ventricular tachycardia ndi ventricular fibrillation ), ndi zipangizo za CRT (zomwe kuthandizani mtima kulephera ).
Nkhanizi zikhoza kuchititsa mantha pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi zipangizo zamankhwala popanda kuyika nkhaniyo mokwanira.
Kodi zipangizo zamakono zimayikidwa pangozi kuti ziwombere? Inde, chifukwa chipangizo chirichonse cha digito chomwe chimaphatikizapo kulankhulana opanda waya kumakhala kosatetezeka, kuphatikizapo pacemaker, ICDs ndi CRT zipangizo. Koma pakadali pano, kuyimbidwa kwa cyber kwachinthu chilichonse mwazidazi sizinalembedwepo. Ndipo (ndikuthokoza kwambiri zomwe zatchulidwa posachedwa zokhudza kuwombera, zipangizo zonse zachipatala ndi ndale), a FDA ndi opanga zipangizo tsopano akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti agwire zovuta zoterozo.
Zidindo za Cardiac za St. Jude ndi kuwotchera
Nkhaniyi inangoyamba mu August, 2016 pamene Carson Block wotchuka wofalitsa adalengeza poyera kuti St. Jude anali akugulitsa zida zambirimbiri zowononga, zowonongeka ndi zipangizo za CRT zomwe zinkasokonezeka kwambiri.
Blocked ananena kuti kampani yowopsa kwambiri yomwe inagwirizanitsa nawo (MedSec Holdings, Inc.), inachita kafukufuku wozama ndipo inapeza kuti zipangizo za St. Jude zinali zosavuta kuti aziwombera (mosiyana ndi zipangizo zamankhwala zogulitsidwa ndi Medtronic, Boston Scientific, ndi makampani ena).
Makamaka, akuti Block, machitidwe a St. Jude "analibe ngakhale chitetezo chofunika kwambiri," monga zipangizo zotsutsa, zida zotsutsa, ndi zotsutsa zotsutsana, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena onse.
Chiwopsezo choterechi chinali chokhudzana ndi kutali, osayendetsa mafayili onse opangidwa nawo. Ndondomeko zazing'onoting'ono zopanda wayazi zimapangidwa kuti zitha kuzindikira mosavuta mavuto omwe amapangidwirapo asanayambe kuvulaza, ndikufotokozera mavutowa mwamsanga kwa dokotala. Chiwonetsero ichi chapatali, chomwe tsopano chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga makina onse, chalembedwa kuti chithandize kwambiri kuti chitetezo cha odwala omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa apite patsogolo. Pulogalamu yakuyang'ana kutali ya St. Jude imatchedwa "Merlin.net."
Zolinga za Block zinali zokongola kwambiri ndipo zinapangika mwamsanga mu mtengo wa St. Jude-zomwe zinali zolinga za Block. Zindikirani, asanayambe kunena za St. Jude, Block's (Muddy Waters, LLC), adatenga malo akuluakulu ku St. Jude. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kampani ya Block idapanga ndalama zokwana madola mamiliyoni ambiri ngati sitima ya St. Jude idawonongeka kwambiri, ndipo inakhalabe yotsika mokwanira kuti iwonetsere kugwirizana kwa Abbott Labs.
Pambuyo pa kuukira kwabwino kwa Block, St Yuda adawombera mwatsatanetsatane ndi zofalitsa zotsutsa kuti zotsatira za Block zinali "zabodza." St. Jude adanenanso Muddy Waters, LLC chifukwa chotsutsa uthenga wonyenga kuti agwiritse ntchito St. Jude's mitengo yamtengo. Pakalipano, ofufuza enieni adayang'ana funso lachitukuko cha St. Jude ndipo adagwirizana. Gulu limodzi linatsimikizira kuti zipangizo za St. Jude zinali zovuta kwambiri kuwononga cyber; gulu lina linamaliza kuti iwo sanali. Nkhani yonse inagwera pambali ya FDA, yomwe inayambitsa kufufuza mwamphamvu, ndipo pang'ono sanamvepo nkhaniyi kwa miyezi ingapo.
Panthawi imeneyo katundu wa St. Jude adalandira zambiri za mtengo wake wotayika, ndipo kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2016 kupeza kwa Abbott kunathetsedwa bwino.
Ndiye, mu Januwale, 2017, zinthu ziwiri zinachitika panthawi imodzi. Choyamba, a FDA adatulutsa mawu omwe akusonyeza kuti panalidi mavuto a chithandizo cha chitetezo ndi zipangizo zachipatala za St. Jude, ndipo kuti chiopsezochi chikhoza kulola machitidwe a cyber ndi zochitika zomwe zingawononge odwala. Komabe, a FDA adanena kuti palibe umboni wapezeka kuti kuwombera kwapadera kunachitika mwa munthu aliyense.
Chachiwiri, St. Jude anamasula cybersecurity software patch yomwe inalepheretsa kwambiri kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zawo. Chipangizo cha pulogalamuyi chinapangidwa kuti chizikhazikitse zokha mosavuta komanso mosasunthika, pamtunda wa Merlin.net wa St. Jude. A FDA adalimbikitsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi zipangizozi akupitiliza kugwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe a St Jude opanda mawonekedwe, chifukwa "thanzi lawo limapindulitsa kwa odwala kuti apitirize kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi kuposa mphamvu zowopsa."
Kodi Izi Zikutisiya Kuti?
Zomwe tatchulazi zikulongosola momveka bwino zenizeni monga momwe ife poyera timadziwira. Monga munthu amene anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi chitukuko choyamba choyang'ana kutali (osati St. Jude's), ndikumasulira zonsezi motere: Zikuwoneka kuti panalibe zowonjezereka zowonjezera zachinsinsi mu St. Jude kutali , ndipo zovuta izi zikuwoneka kuti sizinali zachilendo kwa makampani onse. (Motero, kukana koyambirira kwa St. Jude kumawoneka kuti kwanyengerera.)
Komanso, zikuwonekeratu kuti St. Jude anasamukira mwamsanga kuti athetse vutoli, kugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi FDA, ndikuti njira izi zatsimikiziridwa kuti zokhutira ndi FDA. Ndipotu, kuweruza ndi mgwirizano wa FDA komanso kuti chiopsezochi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya pulogalamu, vuto la St. Jude silikuwoneka ngati lovuta monga momwe Block ananenera mu 2016. ( Kotero, mawu oyambirira a Mr. Block akuwoneka ngati akukokomeza). Kuonjezera apo, adakonzedwanso asanayambe kuvulazidwa.
Kaya mtsogoleri wa Block anali ndi chidwi chotani (poyendetsa galimoto ya St. Jude kuti ayambe kuikapo ndalama zambiri), zikanamupangitsa kuti ayang'ane zomwe zingatheke kuwonetsa phokoso lotheka, koma ili ndi funso kuti makhoti aweruzidwe .
Pakuti tsopano zikuwoneka kuti, ndi patch patch yovomerezeka ntchito, anthu okhala ndi St. Jude zipangizo alibe chifukwa chomveka chodandaula kwambiri za zigawenga.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Zida Zachimake Zimayambitsa Vuto Lachiwawa?
Pakali pano ambiri a ife timadziwa kuti chipangizo chilichonse cha digito chomwe timachigwiritsa ntchito m'miyoyo yathu chomwe chimakhudzana ndi kulankhulana opanda mafano ndikosavuta kuti tizilumikizane ndi cyberattack. Izi zimaphatikizapo chipangizo chilichonse chochiritsira chithandizo, chomwe chiyenera kulankhulana mosasuntha ndi dziko lakunja (ndiko kuti, kunja kwa thupi).
Chotheka kuti anthu kapena magulu odzimvera zoipa akhoza kudodometsedwa ndi zipangizo zachipatala, m'zaka zingapo zapitazo, zikuwoneka ngati zoopsa kwenikweni. Mwachidziwitso, kulengeza pozungulira zovuta za St. Jude zikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Ziri zoonekeratu kuti makampani opanga zipangizo zamankhwala ndi FDA tsopano ali ovuta kwambiri ponena za pangozi, ndipo tsopano akuchita ndi mphamvu yayikulu kuti akwaniritse.
Kodi FDA ikuchita chiyani pavutoli?
Madandaulo a FDA akhala atangoyamba kumene pa nkhaniyi, makamaka chifukwa cha kutsutsana kwa zipangizo za St. Jude. Mu December, 2016 a FDA adawamasulira tsamba la "tsamba" lamasamba 30 kwa opanga zipangizo zachipatala, ndikukhazikitsa malamulo atsopano oletsa kusokoneza ubongo mu zipangizo zamankhwala zomwe zili kale msika. (Malamulo ofanana ndi mankhwala ochiritsira omwe adakali opititsa patsogolo adasindikizidwa mu 2014.) Malamulo atsopano akulongosola momwe opanga ayenera kupititsira patsogolo kuzindikira ndi kukonza zowonjezereka zachinsinsi pazogulitsidwa, ndi momwe angakhazikitsire mapulogalamu kuti adziwe ndi kutulutsa mavuto atsopano a chitetezo.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Chifukwa cha kuopsa koopsa komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira iliyonse yolankhulirana opanda waya, chiopsezo cha cyber china sichingapeweke ndi zipangizo zamankhwala zosamalidwa. Koma ndizofunika kudziwa kuti chitetezo chingapangidwe muzinthu izi kuti zitha kuchitika, ndipo ngakhale Bambo Block akuvomereza kuti kwa makampani ambiri izi zakhala zikuchitika. Ngati a Yuda Yuda adakhumudwapo pankhaniyi, kampaniyo ikuwoneka kuti yachiritsidwa ndi malingaliro oipa omwe analandira mu 2016, omwe nthawi ina adawopsyeza bizinesi yawo. Pakati pazinthu zina, St. Jude watumiza bungwe loyang'anira Cyber Security Medical Advisory Board kuti liyang'anire zoyesayesa zake kupita patsogolo. Makampani ena opanga zipangizo zamankhwala amatha kutsata. Choncho, onse a FDA ndi opanga zipangizo zamankhwala akukambirana nkhaniyo ndi mphamvu yowonjezera.
Anthu omwe adayambitsa ziwawa, ICDs kapena CRT zipangizo zimayenera kumvetsetsa za vuto la cyber, monga momwe tikudziwira zambiri za nthawiyi. Koma pakalipano, chiwopsezocho chikuwoneka ngati chaching'ono, ndipo chimakhala chochepa kwambiri ndi ubwino wa kuyang'anitsitsa zipangizo zakutali.
> Zotsatira:
> FDA. Kusokonezeka Kwachinyengo Zowonongeka M'madongosolo a Cardiac Implantable Cardiac and Merlin @ home Transmitter: FDA Communication Communication. January 9, 2017.
> Madzi a Muddy. Ndondomeko ya ST pa STJ / ABT Kuvomereza za Cyber Vulnerability. Nkhani yomasulira January 9, 2017.
> St. Jude Medical. St Jude Medical amalengeza Cybersecurity Updates. January 9, 2017.