Kugwiritsira ntchito Prednisone kapena Steroid Zina Nthawi Zonse Mutha Kukutsogolerani ku Cataracts
Mankhwala a steroid, kuphatikizapo prednisone , amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda opatsirana (IBD) . Njira imodzi yowonongeka yomwe ingachitike ndi mlingo waukulu kapena ntchito yayitali ndi chitukuko cha nthendayi.
Kawirikawiri anthu ambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi achilendo. Komabe, steroids ikhoza kuyambitsa vutoli kuti likhale ndi achinyamata. Mosiyana ndi zotsatira zina, monga nkhope "mooning," kuwonjezeka kwa njala, kukula kwa tsitsi, ndi ziphuphu zamtundu, khatela sichidzatha pambuyo poti mankhwala a steroid amatha.
Komabe, ngati mlingo wa steroid umachepetsedwa kapena kutsekedwa, katatala omwe alipo alipo sangakhale wamkulu.
Matendawa ndi ochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Sikuti aliyense amene amafunikira steroid adzakhala ndi matenda. Zotsatira zovulaza za steroids ndizodziwika bwino, komabe, aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ayenera kuona dokotala wa maso nthaŵi zonse.
Mwachidule
Kwa anthu ambiri a ku United States, akuti anthu 31% ali pakati pa zaka 65 ndi 74, ndipo 53% mwa anthu opitirira zaka 75, ali ndi cataract imodzi. Matenda a khate amatha kubereka ana (pamtingo wa 10,000 pachaka), koma kawirikawiri amakhala chifukwa cha matenda, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kumwa mowa panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba.
Kuwala kudutsa kupyolera mwa wophunzira wa diso, imadutsa mu disolo, lomwe liri makamaka madzi ndi mapuloteni. Lensulo imagwira ntchito ngati kamera, poyang'ana kuwala kwa retina.
Lensulo m'diso lanu lingasinthe mawonekedwe kuti aganizire zinthu zomwe ziri pafupi kapena kutali. Panthawi ya ukalamba, mapuloteni ena omwe ali m'kati mwa mitsempha amatha kuphatikizana, kumayambitsa malo opacity - cataract. Derali lidzakhala lalikulu komanso lopitirira nthawi yambiri, kutsegula malingaliro ndi zovuta kuwona.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu itatu ya katemera : nyukiliya, cortical, ndi posterior subcapsular. Prednisone, kaya m'kamwa kapena m'matope a diso, ingayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo.
- Nyukliya: Mtundu uwu wa cataract umayamba pang'onopang'ono, umakhala wofala kwambiri kwa okalamba, ndipo umapangitsa maso kukhala achikasu.
- Cortical: Mtundu uwu wa cataract ndi wamba mwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga. Mbalame yamatenda imayendera m'makina, ndipo potsirizira pake imatuluka kunja monga mavilo pa gudumu.
- Posterior subcapsular: Mtundu uwu wa cataract ukhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi mlingo waukulu kapena ntchito yaitali ya prednisone, kutalika kwambiri, ndi retinitis pigmentosa. Mitundu ya mtundu wa cataract kumbuyo kwa disolo, ndipo zizindikiro zimayamba kukula mofulumira (mu miyezi, osati zaka). Pamene kuwala kumadutsa mu gawo la kumbuyo kwa lens ndi nthendayi, imabalalitsidwa osati kulunjika. Munthu yemwe ali ndi cataract yapansi ya posterior subcapsular akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu powona zinthu zakufupi.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za nthenda zimaphatikizapo:
- Masomphenya a Blurry
- Mitundu (makamaka ya buluu) imawonekera
- Kuvuta kuona mu zipinda zowoneka bwino kapena zopanda pake
- Masomphenya awiri
- Mafilimu a masomphenya (ofanana ndi kuyang'ana pamphepete mwazitsulo)
- Malamulo osindikizidwa a magalasi amasintha
- Kuwonjezeka kwapafupi
- Kuwona halos pafupi ndi nyali
- Masomphenya akuchepetsedwa usiku
Zowopsa
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa prednisone, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa mlingo waukulu kapena kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi chiwopsezo cha nthendayi. Komabe, pali zifukwa zambiri zoopsa, kuphatikizapo msinkhu, opaleshoni yamaso kapena chisautso, matenda aakulu, ndi mankhwala ena.
Mavuto omwe amachititsa ngozi:
- Matenda a shuga
- Down syndrome
- Galactosemia
- Matenda a nyamakazi
- Mitsempha yotupa
- Dystrophy ya Myotonic
- Retinitis pigmentosa
- Uveitis
- Matenda a Wilson
Mankhwala omwe angawonjezere chiopsezo cha nthendayi ndi awa:
- Amiodarone (antiarrhythmic)
- Chlorpromazine (sedative)
- Lovastatin (cholesterol-kuchepetsa mankhwala)
- Phenytoin (antiseizure)
Palibe mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti ateteze matendawa. Komabe, zikuganiziridwa kuti zakudya zokhudzana ndi antioxidants (beta-carotene, vitamini C, ndi vitamini E) zingathandize kuchepetsa vutoli, komanso matenda ena. Ultraviolet kuwala ndi chidziwitso chodziwika; valani magalasi kapena chipewa chokhala ndi brim kuti musachepe. Kusokonezeka kwa diso ndichinthu choopsa; valani maso obisala pochita zinthu zomwe zimavulaza diso.
Kuchiza
Kumayambiriro kwa kachipatala, maso amatha kupindula pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi, magetsi oyenera, ndi lenti yopukusa kuwerenga kapena ntchito yina yapafupi. Komabe, ngati kadoti ikupita patsogolo pomwe ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhala zovuta, opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala yofunikira. Mwamwayi, opaleshoni ya odwala matendawa ndi wamba komanso otetezeka, ndipo odwala ambiri amawawonetsa bwino maso ndi khalidwe labwino pambuyo pake.
Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya opaleshoni ya cataract: phacoemulsification ndi extracapsular . Kuchita opaleshoni yapamwamba, pulogalamu yaing'ono imene imatulutsa mafunde a ultrasound imalowetsedwa m'maso kudzera mu chombo. Mafunde a ultrasound amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziphwanyika, zomwe zimachotsedwa ku diso.
Mu opaleshoni ya cataract yowonjezereka, diso lokhala ndi nthenda yamatenda imachotsedwa pa diso ndipo limalowetsedwa ndi diso lopangidwira m'mimba. Mng'alu wopangira mawonekedwe amawoneka ndipo amamva bwino, ngakhale kuti sangasinthe mawonekedwe ngati lenti yachirengedwe. Anthu omwe ali ndi makina operewera m'mimba amafunikira magalasi a maso kuti aziwerenga kapena kutseka ntchito.
Zotsatira:
Jobling AI, Augusteyn RC. "Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a steroid? Kuwerengera kwa steroid-kumapangidwira posachedwa subcapsular cataracts." Clin Exp Optom Mar 2002. 2; 61-75.
Li J, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ. "Matenda Okhudza Matenda Okhudza Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo." Chitetezo cha mankhwala 2008. 2; 127-141.
Prouix AA. "Kodi steroids imayambitsa matenda? Parkhurst Exchange Oct 2009.
Ryskulova A, Turczyn K, Makuc D, Janiszewski R. "Matenda a Maganizo Omwe Akumana Ndi Zaka Zambiri ku United States: Zotsatira za 2002 Health Survey Am J Public Health 2008 March 98: 454-461.