Mitsempha yotchedwa muscular dystrophy (MD) ndi gulu lotchedwa " X-linked" matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachititsa kuti minofu ikhale yofooka komanso yofooka ya kayendedwe ka mafupa. Malingana ndi National Institutes of Health, mitundu ina ya MD imakhala yoonekera kuyambira ali wakhanda kapena akadakali ana pomwe ena samawonekera mpaka zaka zapakati kapena pena.
Zowopsa
Pokhala ndi X-linked, mitsempha yotupa ya mitsempha imakhudza amuna okha, ndipo anyamata ambiri amalandira kusintha kwa mayi awo.
Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ana omwe ali ndi vuto lopwetekedwa m'mimba, amayi awo sali othandizira a MD ndipo amawusintha ngati kusintha kwatsopano.
Pafupifupi 1 mwa anyamata 3,500 mpaka 5000 amabadwa ndi MD, okhala ndi ma 400 mpaka 600 atsopano chaka chilichonse ku United States.
Duchenne MD ndiyo njira yowopsya kwambiri ya mitsempha yambiri ndipo imayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa puloteni dystrophin. Izi ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limapitirira mofulumira, ndipo ambiri odwala (omwe ali anyamata onse) sangathe kuyenda ndi zaka 12 ndipo amafunikira kupuma kuti apume.
Becker MD ndi ofanana ndi ochepa kuposa Duchenne MD. Maofesi a Facioscapulohumeral amayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka zachinyamatayo ndipo amachititsa kufooka kwapang'onopang'ono mu minofu ya nkhope, mikono, miyendo, ndi mapewa ndi chifuwa. Zimayenda pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi Duchenne's komanso zizindikiro zimakhala zochepa mpaka zolepheretsa.
Chizolowezi chofala kwambiri cha matendawa ndi Myotonic MD. Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo mitsempha ya minofu, nthendayi, ndi endocrine ndi zovuta za mtima.
Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control, "pali mankhwala ochepa omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kuperewera kwa minofu, monga kugwiritsa ntchito steroids, koma palibe mankhwala."
Zizindikiro za Muscular Dystrophy mwa Achinyamata
Zizindikiro za Duchenne MD yoyamba kusonyeza pamene mwana ali pakati pa zaka zitatu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndipo amawona kuti mwana wawo ali ndi mavuto ndi luso la magalimoto.
Mwanayo akhoza kugwa kawirikawiri, amavutika kudzuka pamene wakhala kapena atagona, kapena akuvutika kukwera masitepe. Ana angayende ndi mapewa akukankhira mmbuyo kapena pala zala zawo ngati mtundu wa phokoso, kapena akhoza kuchedwa kuyenda okha. Makolo angazindikire kuti mwanayo watukula minofu ya ng'ombe, chifukwa cha pseudohypertrophy. Kutopa mosavuta panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chizindikiro china cha MD.
Kudziwa
Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi matenda otupa thupi, akhoza kuyamba kuyesa mlingo wa creatine kinase (CK) m'magazi a mwana wanu. Enzyme ya minofu imakhala yaikulu kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda otupa thupi.
Ngati dokotala akupeza mlingo wapamwamba wa CK, iwo angayese kuyezetsa DNA pofuna kuyang'ana kusintha kwa jini lomwe limapanga dystrophin. Ngati kuyezetsa kwa chibadwa uku ndi kosavuta, ndiye kuti minofu ya minofu ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri.
Kujambula Kwatsopano
Ngakhale kuti n'zotheka kuwonetsa ana omwe akubadwa kumene kuti amve matenda ozunguzika m'mimba mwa kuyesa mlingo wawo wa creatine kinase, sizichitika nthawi zonse. Imodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu ndikuti pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya ana omwe ali ndi khanda lapamwamba la CK adzakhala ndi matenda otupa thupi. Zina 90 peresenti zidzakhala ndi makanema a CK omwe amabwereranso mwachibadwa ali ndi masabata angapo okalamba.
Chithandizo
NIH imanena kuti "kufalikira kwa MD kumasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa MD ndi kupitirira kwa matendawa." Matenda ena angakhale ofatsa ndipo amapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono pa moyo wautali, pamene zina zikhoza kukhala ndi zofooka kwambiri za kufooka kwa minofu, kulemala, komanso kulephera kuyenda. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi matenda a MD, mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za vuto la mwana wanu pamene mukukumanga gulu lanu la akatswiri a zachipatala odalirika.
Zotsatira:
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda. Duchenne / Becker Treatment ndi Care. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/musculardystrophy/treatments.html.
National Institutes of Health. Tsamba la Muscular Dystrophy Page.
> https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Muscular-Dystrophy-Information-Page.