Matenda a myeloproliferative (MPN), omwe amatchedwa kuti myeloproliferative disorders, ndi magulu a matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopanda mphamvu kwambiri (maselo oyera a magazi, maselo ofiira, ndi / kapena mapulatelets). Ngakhale kuti mungagwirizanitse mawu akuti neoplasm ndi khansara, sikuti mdulidwewu umadulidwa bwino.
Neoplasm imatchulidwa ngati kukula kwachibadwa kwa minofu yomwe imayambitsa kusintha kwa thupi ndipo ikhoza kuwonetsedwa ngati yowononga (osati khansa), isanafike khansa, kapena khansa (yoipa).
Akapeza kuti, myeloproliferative neoplasms ndi yabwino koma m'kupita kwanthawi akhoza kukhala matenda oopsa (khansa). Kuopsa kwa chiwopsezo ndi matendawa kumatsimikizira kuti kufunika koyang'anitsitsa ndi wodwala matenda a shuga.
Makhalidwe a myeloproliferative neoplasms asintha pang'ono pazaka zingapo zapitazi koma tidzakambirananso magawo onsewa pano.
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Zophatikizapo "classic" zokhala ndi myeloproliferative neoplasms zikuphatikizapo:
- Polycythemia vera (PV): zotsatira za PV kuchokera ku majeremusi osinthika omwe amachititsa kuwonjezereka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi. Nthawi zina selo loyera la magazi ndi mapiritsi apamwamba zimakwezedwanso. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha magazi kukuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi magazi. Ngati mwapezeka ndi PV, muli ndi mwayi wapang'ono wokhala ndi myelofibrosis kapena khansa.
- Chofunika Kwambiri Thrombocythemia (ET): Chibadwa chamtundu wa E ET chimapangitsa kuti pakhale mavitamini ambiri. Chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha mapaleti omwe akupezeka chikuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi magazi. Chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa mukapezeka ndi ET n'chochepa. ET ndi yodabwitsa pakati pa MPN monga momwe akudziwira kuti palibe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala wanu adzatulutsa zina zomwe zimayambitsa mapiritsi apamwamba ( thrombocytosis ) kuphatikizapo MPN zina.
- Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF): Primary myelofibrosis kale idatchedwa idiopathic myelofibrosis kapena agnoogenic myeloid metaplasia. Chibadwa cha mtundu wa PMF chimawombera (fibrosis) mu mafupa. Kupweteka uku kumapangitsa kuti mafupa anu asapangidwe maselo atsopano a magazi. Mosiyana ndi PV, PMF imabweretsa chiwerengero cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi ndi chiwerengero cha mapulogalamu akhoza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa.
- Myeloid Leukemia Yachilendo (CML) : CML imatchedwanso matenda aakulu a myelogenous leukemia. Zotsatira za CML kuchokera ku kusintha kwa chibadwa chotchedwa BCR / ABL1. Kusintha uku kumabweretsa kuwonjezereka kwa granulocytes, mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi. Poyamba, simungakhale ndi zizindikiro ndipo CML imapezeka nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito ya labu yamba.
Matenda a Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Zomwe zimayambitsa myeloproliferatif neoplasms zikuphatikizapo:
- Juvenile Myleomonocyic Leukemia (JMML): JMML inkatchedwa mwana wa CML. Ndi mtundu wochepa wa khansa ya m'magazi imene imapezeka kuyambira ali wakhanda ndi akadakali ana. Mfupa umapanga maselo oyera a myeloid, makamaka otchedwa monocyte (monocytosis). Ana omwe ali ndi neurofibromatosis mtundu Woyamba I ndi Noonan ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chokhalira ndi JMML kuposa ana omwe alibe matendawa.
- Matenda Okhudza Matenda a Kachilombo Ochepetsa Matenda a Mitsempha: Matenda a khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda osaphatikizika kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asamapangidwe kwambiri ndi neutrophils, mtundu wa maselo oyera a magazi. Maselo amenewa amatha kulowa mkati mwa ziwalo zanu ndikupanga chiwindi ndi chiwindi (hepatosplenomegaly).
- Matenda a Eosinophilic Leukemia / Hypereosinophilic Syndromes (HES): Matenda osakwanira a khansa ya m'magazi ndi hypereosinophilc syndromes amaimira matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa eosinophils (eosinophilia) yomwe imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Anthu ena amtundu wa HES amachita mofanana ndi maopaleshoni a myleoproliferative (motero dzina lachilendo la eosinophilic leukemia).
- Matenda Achilombo Amtenda: Zokonzedwa (kutanthauza thupi lonse) mitsempha yamatenda kapena mastocytosis ndi yowonjezera kuwonjezera pa myeloproliferative neoplasms. Matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha yamtunduwu imachokera ku kuwonjezereka kwa maselo a masi, mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi lomwe limalowa m'kamwa, mafupa a m'mimba, khungu, nthenda ndi chiwindi. Izi ndi zosiyana ndi mastocytosis ya cutaneous yomwe imakhudza khungu kokha. Masi maselo amatulutsa mbiri ya histamine kuti izi zisawonongeke.
Zotsatira:
Roufosse F, Klion AD ndi Weller PF. Hypereosinophilic syndromes: Kuwonetserako mankhwala, matenda opatsirana, ndi matenda. Mu: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA. (Idapezeka pa 27 Juni, 2016.)
Teferri A. Chidule cha myeloproliferative neoplasms. Mu: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA. (Kufikira pa June 26, 2016.)
Van Eatton RA. Mawonetseredwe a chipatala ndi matenda a myeloid matenda a m'magazi. Mu: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA. (Idapezeka pa June 28, 2016.)