Kuchitika kwapakati pawiri ndi opaleshoni ya mtima yotseguka kuti athetse mitsempha yowopsya yomwe imadyetsa mtima. Ndondomekoyi ndi yovuta, ndipo kumvetsetsa zochitika zambiri, ndizofunika kumvetsetsa momwe mtima ulili ndi zotsatira za matenda a mtima.
The Coronary Arteries
Mitsempha yamakono ndi mitsempha ya magazi yomwe imapereka mtima ndi magazi ake; izi ndi zosiyana ndi ziwiya zomwe zimapereka magazi kuponyedwa ndi mtima .
Kwa anthu ena, mitsempha yamakono imatsekedwa, chidziwitso chodziwika kuti matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha .
N'zotheka kukhala ndi mitsempha imodzi kapena yambiri yotsekedwa mwanjira iyi, yomwe ingapangitse chiopsezo chachikulu pamtima. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ziwiya ziwiri zatsekedwa, opaleshoniyo imatchedwa kupitirira mobwerezabwereza . Ngati zitsulo zinayi zatsekedwa, opaleshoniyo imatchulidwa kuti ndiyodutsa . Zowonongeka kawiri, motero, zikusonyeza kuti zida zonse zisanu zazikulu pamtima zimadwala.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mitsempha Yachilengedwe Yaletsedwa?
Ngati kutsekemera kuli kokwanira, kumatha kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa magazi kuthamanga kwa gawo la mtima umene umadyetsedwa ndi chotengera cha magazi, zomwe zimachititsa kupweteka kwa chifuwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu.
Pamene mitsempha yamakono imatsekedwa kwathunthu, minofu yomwe imapangitsa mtima kukhala ndi njala yochuluka. Kuperewera kwa oxygen kumabweretsa ululu waukulu, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa mtima kumatchedwa matenda a mtima kapena myocardial infarction (MI).
Kuchiza kwa Coronary Artery Disease
Nthawi zina, matenda a mitsempha amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala, kusintha kwa moyo monga zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso njira zochepetsetsa, kuphatikizapo kukhazikika kwa mbola. Komabe, kwa odwala ena, kutsekedwa ndi koopsa kwambiri kotero kuti opaleshoni ndi yofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mtima ukupitiriza kulandira magazi okwanira.
Njira yopaleshoniyi imadziwika ngati mitsempha yamakono yodutsa opaleshoni ya graft (CABG) .
Quintuple Bypass
Mchitidwe wa CABG ukhoza kuchitidwa ngati njira yowopsa, pamene wodwala amabwera ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa ndi kupweteka kwakukulu kwa chifuwa ndipo amapezeka ndi zida zoopsa za mitsempha . Kawirikawiri, catheterization ya mtima imachitidwa, ndiye opaleshoni ya CABG imatsatira ngati dokotalayo akuganiza kuti izo zidzakhala zothandiza ndipo nkofunika kuchiza.
Njira zambiri za CABG, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zinayi, zakonzedweratu. Izi zimapereka nthawi ya kuyesa opaleshoni yoyamba yomwe imathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zofunikira, ngati wodwalayo ali wathanzi mokwanira kuti avomereze opaleshoniyo, ndi chikhalidwe chawo chonse.
Izi zikupatsanso nthawi yodwala kuti asamalire thanzi lawo, asanadye chakudya chopatsa thanzi, kusiya kusuta komanso kusuta shuga. Mitundu iyi imatha kusintha zotsatira zomaliza pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndipo ili mwayi waukulu kuchepetsa ngozi zomwe zimachitika ndi opaleshoni.
Kupeza Zida Zopangira Magazi Zomwe Zimadutsa
Ndondomekoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa anesthesia ndipo imayamba ndi mitsempha ya mthupi yomwe imatengedwa kuchokera kumalo ena a thupi, nthawi zambiri mwendo, ndi kumtengedwera ku chotengera chamoyo choyambirira chisanafike ndi chitatha.
Chombo choyendetsa chofunika kwambiri chimafuna zombo zambiri kuposa njira ina iliyonse, kotero malo ambiri, kuphatikizapo mkono, Mzere wamkati wam'mimba (LIMA), ndi ziwiya zina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kupeza zida zokwanira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa grafts zikhoza kukhala chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri pazochitikazo; Ngati zotengera pamtima zili ndi matenda, zikhoza kuti ziwiya m'madera ena a thupi zimakhudzanso. Zida zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti magazi azing'ono asungeke pamsewu wopita kumtima, ndipo mwaziwo umangothamangitsidwa (kupitirira) gawo loletsedwa la chotengera.
Nkhokwe zikafunika kuti zokolola zizikololedwa, chifuwa choyamba cha opaleshoniyo chimayambira ndi kutsekemera, kutsegula komwe kumatsegula chifuwa ndi kupatulira sternum (breastbone) mu theka kuti amuthandize dokotalayo kuti afike pamtima.
Ndondomekoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito "pa pomp" pogwiritsa ntchito makina ozungulira thupi kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo, kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni ayime mtima ndikuchitidwa opaleshoni popanda kuyendayenda kwa mtima wonse. Nthawi zina ndondomekoyi imatha "kuchoka pampu," koma izi sizikhala zofala kwambiri.
> Chitsime:
> Kodi Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? National Heart Lung ndi Magazi Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cabg/cabg_whatis.html