Khansara ya Colon Ili ndi Masitepe Asanu, Ndi Matenda Osiyana Kwa Aliyense
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opweteka kwambiri (IBD) ali pa chiopsezo chowonjezereka chokhala ndi khansa yofiira. Ngakhale khansa yamtundu ndi khansa ndi imodzi mwa khansa yotetezeka kwambiri, kaŵirikaŵiri sichitha kupezeka mpaka zizindikiro ziwonekere kapena zikuvutitsa. Panthawi imeneyo, khansara ya coloni ikhoza kukhala yopambana kwambiri.
Uthenga Wabwino ndi wakuti, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBD sadzakhala ndi khansa yoyipa.
Kuchotsa mapuloteni pa nthawi ya colonoscopy ndi njira yabwino yothetsera khansa yamtundu. Kuwona gastroenterologist nthawi zonse ndikupeza colonoscopy nthawi (nthawi zina kawiri pachaka, pachaka, kapena zaka ziwiri) ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera khansa yoyipa. Ngati muli ndi nkhaŵa zokhudzana ndi chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya coloni ndi momwe mungapewere, lankhulani ndi gastroenterologist wanu kapena dokotala wanu wakuchita opaleshoni ponena za kuyesera ndi kupewa khansa.
Khansara yapamwamba imakhala ndi magawo anayi osiyana, limodzi ndi gawo lachisanu lomwe limatchedwa "kubwereza." Gawo lirilonse liri ndi njira zosiyana zothandizira komanso zaka zisanu zapakati pa moyo . Zigawo ndizomwe zili pansipa zimachokera ku bungwe la American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), lomwe lingatchedwanso TNM dongosolo.
Gawo 0 (Carcinoma In Situ)
Iyi ndiyo sitepe yoyambirira ya khansara yoyipa. Khansara imangophatikizapo kupangira, kapena mucosa, wa phuloni kapena phulusa ndipo imangowonjezera (s) (minofu yochokera pamwamba pa limba).
Pamene mapuloteni amachotsedwa pa colonoscopy (njira yotchedwa polypectomy), mwayi wawo wopita ku magawo ena a khansa umachotsedwa.
Gawo I
Khansara ya m'galimoto yoyamba imaphatikizapo zambiri osati kungoyang'ana mkati. Mapuloteni apita patsogolo mpaka phokoso, ndipo amapita ku khoma la colon kapena rectum.
Kuchiza kungaphatikizepo opaleshoni kuchotsa gawo la colon yomwe ili ndi khansa. Kuchita opaleshoni imeneyi kumatchedwa resection . Zagawo zathanzi, zopanda khansa zakoloni zimathandizidwanso kachiwiri. Zaka zisanu zapakati pa moyo ndi 95 peresenti.
Gawo II
Gawo lachiwiri la khansa yofiira ndi pamene khansara yafalikira kupitirira koloni ku minofu yomwe ili ponseponse koma sinafalikire ku minofu. Khansara imafalikira motere kuchokera ku mbali imodzi ya thupi kupita ku ina imatchedwa metastasis. Opaleshoni ya resection ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza siteji iyi ya khansa. Zomwe zimakhalapo zaka zisanu za khansa ya m'mimba ya Stage II ndi 60 peresenti.
Khansara ya mgwirizano wa m'zigawo za II imapatsidwanso ku IIA, IIB, ndi IIC:
- Gawo IIA. Khansara yayamba kupyolera mu minofu yosanjikiza ya khoma la khola koma sanapite kunja kwa koloni.
- Gawo IIB. Khansara yayamba kupyola kumbali yakunja ya khoma la khola koma sanapite kunja kwa koloni.
- Gawo IIC. Khansara yayamba kupyola kumbali yakumtunda ya khoma lamtunda ndi kumalo ozungulira.
Gawo III
Khansara yomwe yafalikira kunja kwa coloni ndi kupita kumalo amphamvu am'mimba m'madera ozungulira coloni imadziwika kuti Stage III. Pachiyambi ichi, khansara sinafalikire kwa ziwalo zina m'thupi, ndipo mankhwala ndi owopsa.
Opaleshoni resection ya colon, chemotherapy , ndi njira zina zamankhwala zingakhale zofunikira. Zaka zisanu zomwe zimapulumuka ndi 35 mpaka 60 peresenti.
Khansara ya Stage III yamatumbo imaphatikizidwanso mu IIIA, IIIB, ndi IIIC:
- Gawo IIIA. Gawo ili likhoza kufotokoza chimodzi mwa zifukwa ziwiri: 1) khansara ili mkatikati ndi pakati pakati pa khoma la koloni; Zingakhale zitafalikira ku msinkhu wosanjikiza; ndipo zimakhudza pakati pa maselo atatu kapena atatu omwe ali pafupi ndi mitsempha yam'mimba kapena 2) khansara imakhala mkatikati ndi pakati pakati pa khola lamtunduwu ndipo imakhudza pakati pa mitsempha inayi ndi sikisi.
- Gawo la IIIB. Gawoli likhoza kufotokoza chimodzi mwazifukwa zitatu: 1) khansara imadutsa pazitali zonse za khoma lamtunda ndipo imakhudza pakati pa maselo atatu kapena atatu) khansara imadutsa pamtambo wosanjikiza komanso / kapena kunja kwa khoma la koloni ndipo imakhudza pakati pa mitsempha inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi kapena itatu) khansara ili mkatikati ndi pakati pakati pa khoma la koloni, ikhoza kukhala minofu yambiri, ndipo imakhudza maselo asanu ndi awiri kapena kuposa.
- Gawo IIIC. Gawoli likhoza kufotokoza chimodzi mwazifukwa zitatu: 1) khansara imadutsa pazitali zonse za khoma lamtunduwu ndipo imakhudza pakati pa mitsempha inayi ndi sikisi kapena 2) khansara ili kupyolera mu minofu ndi / kapena kunja kwa khoma la koloni ndipo imakhudza ma lymph nodes kapena seveni kapena 3) khansara ili m'mbali zonse za khoma la coloni, imafalikira ku ziwalo zoyandikana, ndipo imatha kukhudza minofu kapena mafuta omwe ali pafupi ndi maselo.
Gawo IV
Pachiyambi ichi, khansara inafalikira kwa ziwalo zina m'thupi monga mapapo, mazira, kapena chiwindi. Kuphatikiza pa opaleshoni yokonza opaleshoni ndi chemotherapy, chithandizo cha ma radiation ndi opaleshoni kuchotsa mbali zina zokhudzana ndi thupi zingakhale zofunikira. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pali mwayi wokwana 3 peresenti yokhala ndi zaka zisanu zokha.
Khansara ya m'kati mwa Vuto la IV imaphatikizidwanso ku IVA ndi IVB:
- Gawo IVA. Pachifukwa ichi khansara ikhoza kudutsa khoma la koloni, mwinamwake limakhudza zinyama zapafupi kapena ziwalo zapafupi, ndipo zafalikira ku chiwalo chimodzi chomwe sichili pafupi ndi colon.
- Gawo IVB. Pachifukwa ichi khansara ikhoza kudutsa khoma lamakononi, mwinamwake limakhudza zinyama zapafupi kapena ziwalo zapafupi, ndipo zafalikira ku ziwalo zoposa imodzi zomwe siziri pafupi ndi khola kapena khoma la m'mimba.
Khansa Yachiwiri
Khansara yomwe imabwerera kachiwiri pambuyo pa chithandizo, kaya mu colon, kapena mu gawo lina la thupi, imatchedwa yowonongeka. Ngakhalenso atatha kuchiritsidwa bwino ndi khansara ya coloni, kuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikofunika kuti mupeze msanga khansa yowonongeka.
Kumayambiriro koyamba, khansara yamtunda ndi imodzi mwa khansa yathanzi kwambiri. M'kupita kwanthawi - ndiyo yachiwiri yakupha kwambiri. Khansara ya Colon ndiyo yachiwiri yomwe imayambitsa imfa kuchokera ku khansa ku America (khansa yamapapo ndi yoyamba). Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, ndi 15 peresenti ya odwala khansa ya colon ayenera kukhala ndi colostomy yosatha.
Kupewa
Chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chiopsezo cha khansa ya coloni, ndipo fufuzani ngati mukuyenera. Anthu omwe ali ndi IBD ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka, koma kusamalira nthawi zonse IBD kuchokera ku gastroenterologist ndi kusunga malo a colonoscopy kudzapita kutali kuti achotsepo mapepala alionse ndi kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe zikuchitika mu colon. Aliyense ali ndi zaka zoposa 50 ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa khansara yambiri. Ena samvetsa komanso manyazi pa colonoscopy ndi mtengo wochepa kuti akulipire moyo wanu.
Zotsatira:
National Cancer Institute. "Masitepe a Kansa ya Coloni." US National Institutes of Health. 16 May 2013.
American Cancer Society. "Kodi Khansa Yoyenda Kwambiri Imakhala Bwanji?" American Cancer Society, Inc. Jul 30 2013.