Selo ya squamous, basal cell, ndi khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa
Mwinamwake mwamvapo kuti pali mitundu yosiyana ya khansara ya khungu, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, mukulondola. Mitundu itatu ya khansa ya khungu imaphatikizapo:
- Basal cell carcinoma ya khungu
- Squamous cell carcinoma ya khungu
- Melanoma
Mwa khansayi, mukhoza kuwamva iwo akugawidwa m'magulu awiri: khansa ya khungu yopanda khansa ya khansa - kuphatikizapo basal cell carcinoma ndi squamous cell carcinoma - ndi khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa.
Zina za khansa zambiri nthawi zina zimapezeka pakhungu, monga Kaposi's sarcoma , T-cell lymphoma , ndi Merkel cell carcinoma. Komanso, ena khansa amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chofalitsa khungu. Pankhaniyi, izi sizikutchedwa khansa ya khungu, koma khansara yomwe yafalikira (yosokonezeka) kwa khungu. Mwachitsanzo, khansara ya m'mawere yomwe imafalikira khungu sichikanatchedwa khansara ya khungu, koma "khansara ya m'mawere kumatenda." Ma khansa omwe amatha kusokoneza khungu amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere, khansara yamtundu, khansa ya m'mapapo.
Nchifukwa Chiyani Ndikofunika Kudziwa Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Khansa Yapakhungu?
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansara ya khungu imafanana ndi zizindikiro, mawonekedwe ambiri pa khungu, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi zizindikiro. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pokhudzana ndi khansa ya khansa, yomwe njirayi imakhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa basal cell kapena squamous cell carcinoma.
Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira pankhani ya majini. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya khansa, dokotala wanu akhoza kukhala wokwiya kwambiri pokutsatirani ndi dermatologist. Chimodzimodzinso, dermatologist wanu akhoza kukhala okwiya kwambiri pochita zojambulajambula kapena kutenga zithunzi za pachaka zamagetsi anu poyerekeza.
Panopa amaganiza kuti 55 peresenti ya khansa ya khansa imakhala ndi chiwalo chimodzi .
Pali kusiyana kofunika kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya khansa ya khungu. Ngakhale kuti izi ndizofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lokongola, akhoza kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lakuda kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale kuti kutentha kwa dzuŵa ndi chiwopsezo cha khansa izi, zonse zapezeka mu malo a thupi lomwe silinayambe ladziwika ndi dzuwa.
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Kuwerengera kwa khansa ya khansa yoposa 75%, basal cell carcinoma ndiyo khansa yapakhungu yotchuka kwambiri. Maginitowa amapezeka pamaso, pamutu, ndi manja.
Mankhwalawa amawoneka kuti ndi ochiritsidwa kwambiri ndipo safalitsidwa ku mbali zina za thupi. Zizindikiro zingakhale ndi zilonda zomwe zimayambitsa kapena kutuluka, malo ofiira, ofiira, ofiira kapena ofiira omwe amawoneka ngati chilonda, ndi pinki ya pinki.
Ngakhalenso omwe khansa imeneyi sichitha kufalikira, imatha kukulira yayikulu ndikupangitsa kuti ndalama zambiri zisagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma ndi mtundu wachiwiri wodwala khansa ya khungu ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri yowonjezera dzuwa. Mtundu uwu wa khansa ya khungu nthawi zambiri umakhala m'malo amtundu umene umakhala ndi dzuwa, monga makutu, nkhope ndi kamwa, koma ukhoza kukhala paliponse pamthupi.
Zizindikiro zingakhale ndi zilonda zomwe sizimachiritsa, malo opweteka, kapena mpweya wofiira - umboni wakuti khansayi imayamba kukula kwambiri pakhungu. Akasiya kusatulutsidwa, amatha kufalitsa mofulumira ku ziwalo zina za thupi kudzera m'magazi kapena ma lymphatic, komabe 95% amakhala osachiritsika.
Sagamous cell carcinomas nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'matumbo amtundu wam'mbuyo (ngati dzuwa) . Ngati muli ndi zilonda zoterezi, onetsetsani kuti muwauze dokotala wanu ndikuganiza kuti iwo achotsedwa.
Melanoma
Mankhwalawa ndi khansa ya khungu yoopsa kwambiri komanso yoopsa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti ndi mtundu wamba, ndiwo amene amachititsa anthu ambiri kufa ndi khansa ya khungu.
Ikhoza kukula pambali iliyonse ya thupi, komabe mikono, miyendo, ndi thunthu ndilo malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'thupi. Mankhwala a melanoma angakhalenso m'madera monga diso (melanoma yosalala).
Mukadziwoneka msanga, amaonedwa kuti ndi ochiritsidwa kwambiri. Zina mwa izi zimakhala ngati "malo" atsopano pakhungu, pamene zina zimachokera ku moles.
Aliyense ayenera kuphunzira zizindikiro za khansa ya ABCDE ngati muli wopembedza dzuwa, kapena musatulukire panja. Makalata awa amaimira:
- A - Asymmetry - Mankhwala a Melanomas amakhala osakanikirana
- B - Mpaka malire - Melanomas amakhala ndi malire osayenerera
- C - Mtundu - Mankhwala a Melanomas amakonda kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndi yachikale kukhala "mtundu wofiira, woyera, ndi wabuluu"
- D - Mapiritsi - Mankhwala a Melanomas amakhala aakulu kuposa kukula kwa penipeni
- E - Elevation - Ma Melanomas amakonda kukwera, makamaka kukhala ndi malo osiyana siyana
- F - Anthu ena akuwonjezera kalata ina kuyimirira "kuyang'ana mwachidwi." Ma Melanoma nthawi zambiri samangokhala ngati khungu
Kupewa Kansalu Khungu
Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha khansara ya khungu ndiko kupewa, koma kuwonjezera pa kubwereza njira izi kuti zitha kupewa kansalu khungu kuti aliyense adziwe , mfundo zofunikira kwambiri ndi zofunika kuzizindikira.
Ngakhale kutsegula kwa dzuwa kumatetezedwa, sikulepheretsa khansa yonse. Ndipotu, sizikuonetsanso kuti kuvala khungu la dzuwa kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya khansa. Kudziteteza ku dzuwa "njira yakale" ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera chiopsezo chanu. Kupewa dzuŵa nthawi yayitali (monga pakati pa 10 ndi 2 koloko masana) kuvala zipewa ndi zovala zoteteza, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ambulera kapena njira zina zamthunzi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodzizitetezera. Ndipo posankha sunscreen onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera omwe amamenyana ndi mazira a UVA kapena mukhala mukuwononga nthawi yanu ndi ndalama poonjezera chitetezo ku melanoma (ma dzuwa ambiri amateteza kuwala kwa UVB.)
Gwiritsani ntchito mlingo wanu wa vitamini D kuyang'aniridwa. Kuvala khungu la dzuwa sikungowononga kuyatsa moto koma kumachepetsanso kuchepa kwa vitamini D khungu lanu. Ngakhale sitikudziwa ngati dzuwa limachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya khansa, timadziwa kuti kutaya kwa vitamini D kumabweretsa ngozi ya khansa zingapo. Ndipo zomvetsa chisoni, anthu ambiri mwa iwo ali ndi vuto la vitamini D. Kuyezetsa magazi kosavuta kungakuuzeni ngati muli pachiopsezo, ndipo ngati chochepa, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni zakudya kapena zakudya zina kuti muthe kukweza.
Zotsatira:
American Academy of Dermatology. Mitundu ya Khansara ya Khungu. Inapezeka pa 04/15/16. https://www.aad.org/public/spot-skin-cancer/learn-about-skin-cancer/types-of-skin-cancer
National Cancer Institute. Kuchiza Khansa Kwakhungu - Health Professional Version (PDQ). Kusinthidwa 01/29/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/hp/skin-treatment-pdq