Anatomy ndi Physiology ya Chisokonezo
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani, kodi ntchito yake ndi yotani, ndipo ndi zina zotani zomwe zingakhudze minofu iyi?
Maonekedwe (Anatomy) a Chisokonezo
Mphunoyi ndi minofu yooneka ngati parachute yomwe imalekanitsa chifuwa kuchokera m'mimba. Zimayimira pansi pa khola la thoracic ndi denga la pamimba.
Pali mazenera atatu (mabowo) kupyolera mu chithunzithunzi:
- Kutsegula kwazomweku: Kudzera mwa momwe mimba imadutsa.
- Aortic yotsegula: Kupyolera mwa njira yomwe aorta, thoracic njira, ndi mitsempha yopitirira.
- Mphepete mwa mahatchi: Kupyolera mwazifukwa zotsika (vene cava) (chotengera cha magazi chachikulu chimabweretsa magazi kuchokera miyendo ndi thupi la pansi pamtima).
Mphindi imatha kugawidwa ngati magawo awiri, kapena "hemi-diaphragms." (Hemi ndi mawu omwe amatanthauzira amatanthauza theka.) Mbali iliyonse ya chithunzithunzi imaperekedwa ndi mitsempha (mzere wa kumanzere ndi wamanja mitsempha) yomwe imayambitsa minofu. Mitsempha yambiri imayambira mu mitsempha ya chiberekero yomwe imatulutsa mitsempha yomwe imayambira mu C3 mpaka C5 mitsempha ya mitsempha (mitsempha yomwe imabwera pafupi ndi khosi ndi 3d kupyolera mu 5th pervical vertebrae).
Ntchito (Physiology) ya Chisokonezo
Mphuno imathandiza kwambiri kupuma (kupuma.) Pamene chingwecho chimagwirizanitsa komanso chimagwedeza, imachepetsa kupanikizika kwa thoracic, kutulutsa mpweya womwe umalowa mkati mwake.
Pamene diaphragm imatsitsimula, mpweya umamasulidwa.
Nthaŵi zambiri chithunzithunzi chimagwirizana m'njira yosadziwika, chifukwa chake timapitirizabe kupuma pamene tigona, koma zimatha kukhazikika mwadzidzidzi. Minofu imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokhapokha ndi kuthamangitsidwa, koma mukukakokera, kukupukuta, kusanza, kukodza, kuteteza (kupititsa pathupi), ndi kubereka.
Kupuma kwa mpweya ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbitsa chithunzithunzi , kulola mpweya wambiri kulowa ndi kuchoka m'mapapu popanda kufooketsa minofu.
Zinthu Zamankhwala Zomwe Zimayambitsa Mliri
Pali zifukwa zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zingagwirizane ndi zovuta kapena zosavuta za piritsi. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
Mafupa: Pamene chithunzithunzi chikukwiyitsa, monga kumwa mowa soda, amatha kugwira mgwirizano mosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimadziwika ngati hiccups. Phokoso la hiccups limayambira pamene mpweya umatulutsa nthawi yomweyo kuti mgwirizano umagwirizana.
Hernia ya Hiatal: Pamene diaphragm imafooka m'madera omwe mimba imadutsamo, izi zimatchedwa chilakolako chokhalira . Nthenda yotsekemera imalola kuti mchenga wa m'munsi ufike m'mimba ndipo nthawi zina mimba imadutsa kuchokera m'mimba mwa mimba mpaka pachifuwa. Izi, zowonjezera, zingayambitse matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD) omwe amachititsa kukhumudwa ndi kudzikuza.
Hemia ya Congenital Diaphragmatic: Pafupifupi 1 mu 2000 obadwira, mbali imodzi kapena mliri wonse sutha. Izi zikachitika, zomwe zili m'mimba zimalowa m'bokosi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapapu asamakwaniritsidwe. M'zaka zaposachedwapa makina akuluakulu apangidwa pofuna kuthandizira ana omwe ali ndi nthendayi, kuphatikizapo opaleshoni. chithunzithunzi chodziwika chomwe chingathe kukula ndi kukula chingapangidwe.
Kufa kwa Thupi la Mphungu : Mphungu ikhoza kukhala yowongolera mbali kapena mwangwiro chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imapereka chithunzithunzi. Mitsempha iyi ingakhoze kuonongeka m'njira zingapo:
- Kuchokera ku chipsinjo chifukwa cha chotupa chokakamizika pa mitsempha yamphongo mu chifuwa (monga khansa ya m'mapapo) kapena pafupi ndi msana wa khola kapena ubongo.
- Kuchokera pachipsinjo mpaka pachifuwa kapena pamtunda pokhapokha kufalikira kwa mitsempha.
- Kuchokera m'magazi monga matenda a shuga , matenda a shuga , Guillain -Barre , ndi misyro ya dystrophy .
Pamene mbali imodzi yokha ya chiwindi ili ndi ziwalo, izo zimasintha mosiyana ndi zomwe zingaganizidwe, kusuntha mkati mwa kudzoza ndi kutsika panthawi yopuma.
Izi zingachititse kupuma pang'ono, makamaka pamene kugona, pakati pa zizindikiro zina.
Kuchotsa Opaleshoni ya Mliri
Nthaŵi zina mbali ya diaphragm imachotsedwa opaleshoni. Njirayi ingatheke kwa anthu omwe akuchitidwa opaleshoni ya mesothelioma -khansara ya mapulogalamu a mapapo (pleura)-omwe akhoza kufalikira ndikuphatikizapo chithunzithunzi.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri pa Mapangidwe ndi Ntchito za Chisokonezo
Matendawa ndi minofu yomwe imalekanitsa chifuwa cha mimba kuchokera m'mimba ndipo imakhala ndi mbali yofunikira pamapweya. Anthu ambiri amadziwika ndi kupopera kwa chithunzithunzi chokhala ndi hiccups, koma kutayika kwa minofu imeneyi kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Kuwonongeka kwa phokoso kungachititse kutaya kwa mpweya umene umatulutsa mpweya m'mapapo panthawi yopuma. Ndikufa kwa ziwalozi zomwe zimakhala zikuwopsyezedwa ndi matenda a Guillain-Barre masiku ano, ndi poliomyelitis m'mbuyomo.
Pamene nthenda (kufooka) imapezeka mu mimba, m'mimba muli zinthu monga m'mimba ndi m'mimba zimatha kudutsa pachifuwa chomwe chimayambitsa asidi reflux komanso mavuto a acid reflux. Kuchita opaleshoni kukonzanso chosowa chokhalitsa sikofunikira kwambiri kuti athetse vutoli.
> Zotsatira:
> National Library of Medicine. Medline Plus. Mfupa ndi mapapo. Kusinthidwa 08/16/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/19380.htm