Zowonjezera za dervous dysplasia
Chiberekero cha dysplasia ndichizoloŵezi chomwe chikufotokozera kusintha kosasintha kwa chibelekero. Kusintha kwachilendo kungapangitse kufalikira mpaka koopsa ndipo kumawoneka kupyolera mu mapepala a Pap.
Mwachidule
Ngakhale kuti khola lachiberekero losatetezedwa la dysplasia lingapangitse khansa ya pachibelekero nthawi zina, kukhala ndi dysplasia ya chiberekero sikukutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi khansara kapena sadzakhala ndi matendawa.
Kawirikawiri amachiritsidwa kaye ndi kufufuza kuti aone ngati ikupitirira, ndiyeno ndi njira zakuchipatala mu ofesi ya dokotala. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, poyang'anira mosamala ndi chithandizo, kusintha kosasintha kwa chiberekero kawirikawiri kumachiritsidwa (kuchotsedwa) asanakhale ndi mwayi wosintha kuchokera ku maselo osamalitsa kupita ku maselo a khansa .
Zizindikiro
Azimayi okhala ndi chiberekero cha dervous dysplasia samakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kukhala ndi Pap smear nthawi zonse n'kofunika kwambiri. Pap smear yowonongeka imatha kuona kuti kusintha kwachiberekero kosavuta kumakhala nthawi yayitali asanayambe khansa.
Zimayambitsa
Pali mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa papillomavirus yaumunthu (HPV) ndi dysplasia ya chiberekero. HPV ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri kofalitsidwa kudzera mu kugonana. Kwa amayi ambiri, HPV ndi dervous dysplasia zidzasintha okha popanda kuchipatala. Komabe, kwa amayi ena, HPV ikhoza kutsogolera kusintha kwakukulu kwa chiberekero. Zosinthazi zikapanda kusamalidwa, zikhoza kuyambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero.
Kafukufuku amasonyezanso kuti akazi omwe amasuta amasokoneza chiopsezo chawo chokhala ndi dysplasia yachiberekero. Zapezeka kuti kusuta kungathe kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira za HPV pachibelekero. Ichi ndi chifukwa chinanso chotsutsa chizolowezi chosuta fodya mwamsanga.
Zina zomwe zingatheke chifukwa cha chiberekero cha dysplasia ndizo:
- Kukhala ndi HIV
- Kukhala ndi zibwenzi zambiri zogonana
- Kubereka asanakwane zaka makumi awiri
Kudziwa
Cervical dysplasia imapezeka ndi labu kusanthula mapepala a Pap, omwe amatenga sampuli ya maselo a chiberekero. Labu ikuyang'ana maselo osadziwika. Ngati atsimikiza kuti maselo amtunduwu sakhala otsimikizika (ASC-US) , mayeserowa akhoza kubwerezedwa m'miyezi 12 ndipo mayeso a HPV akhoza kuchitanso.
Mukamabwereza kafukufuku wodabwitsa kapena ngati kachilombo ka HPV kali koyenera ndipo mutakwanitsa zaka 25, chiwerengerochi chikhoza kuchitika. Izi zimapangidwa panthawi yomwe imatchedwa colposcopy ndi zitsanzo za maselo a chiberekero omwe amatha kufufuza kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi khansa, chiberekero cha intereepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga CIN1 (mild dysplasia), CIN2 (yolimbitsa dysplasia) ndi CIN3 (yoopsa dysplasia kapena carcinoma in situ .)
Chithandizo
Kuchiza kwa dzira la dysplasia kumadalira zotsatira za biopsy zomwe tazitchula pamwamba ndipo zimasiyana ndi digiri ya dysplasia yomwe ilipo.
CIN ine sindimachiritsidwa kawirikawiri. M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri amatsatira mwatsatanetsatane ndi mapepala a Pap, ma test HPV, kapena nthawi zina colposcopy.
Chithandizo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa CIN II ndi CIN II ndipo chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa malo omwe sangathe kukhalapo kotero kuti sangapitirize kukula ndikukhala ndi khansa.
Njira zochizira zingaphatikizepo:
- Cryosurgery - Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumaphatikizapo kuika kafukufuku wachisanu kuti asungunuke minofu yosadziwika.
- LEEP - Njira ya LEEP (njira yowonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi) imagwiritsa ntchito waya wothandizira magetsi kuchotsa minofu yosadziwika.
- Opaleshoni ya laser - Mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochizira minofu yodetsa.
- Kuthana ndi mpeni wothandizira - Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi yomwe ili pamwambayi koma m'malo mwake imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangira opaleshoni kuti achotse minofu yokayikitsa.
Mankhwala am'deralo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asokoneze minofu pachibelekero chisanachitike, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala ngati opaleshoni ya tsiku lomwelo.
Ngati chiwonetserochi chikuwonetsa kuti pali maselo osadziwika pamphepete mwa nyembazo, chithandizo china chikuchitidwa m'deralo kuti awonetsetse kuti achotsa maselo onse osadziwika.
Kuwonjezereka kwa CIN mu phunziro limodzi lalikulu kunali 5.3 peresenti ya amayi omwe amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ozunguza bongo kapena LEEP ndi 1,4 peresenti kwa iwo omwe amachizidwa ndi mpeni wozizira, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri vutoli linali lalikulu kwambiri ndi chimbudzi chozizira.
Londola
Ngati chiberekero cha dervous dysplasia chikuchitidwa ndi njira imodzi pamwambapa, muyenera kuyang'aniridwa kawirikawiri. Ngati maselo osadziwika amabwerera, mankhwala akubwerezedwa. Popeza matenda a HPV angapitirire pambuyo pa chithandizo cha CIN, pali chiopsezo cha mitu yambiri yosayembekezereka m'tsogolomu. Onetsetsani kuti mukulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetsetse zomwe mukutsatira zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa.
Kulimbana
Zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri kumva kuti muli ndi vuto lomwe lingayambitse khansa. Izi zikuti, bola ngati mukutsatira mosamala ndi dokotala wanu ndikulandira mankhwala alionse omwe akunenedwa, mwayi wa kusintha uku ndi wochepa kwambiri.
Zotsatira:
Hoffman, S., Le, T., Lockhart, A. et al. Zitsanzo Zopitiriza Kuteteza HPV Patatha Chithandizo cha Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN): Kusintha Kwambiri. International Journal ya Cancer . 2017 Jan 25.
Santesso, N., Mustafa, R., Wiercioch, W. et al. Kufufuza Mwadongosolo ndi Meta-Analysis ya Mapindu ndi Ziphuphu za Cryotherapy, LEEP, ndi Cold Knife Conization Kuti Achite Kervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. International Journal of Gynecology ndi Obstetrics . 201. 132 (3): 266-71.
Tsikouras, P., Zervoudis, S., Manav, B. et al. Khansara ya Chiberekero: Kuyeza, Kuzindikira ndi Kujambula. J BUON . 2016. 21 (2): 320-5.