Mmene Mungasankhire Chotsatira Chachiyeso Chachilendo
Mapulogalamu a Pap akhoza kumudziwitsa dokotala kuti ali ndi maselo okayikitsa omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda omwe akufunikira kuyesedwa kapena mankhwala, chifukwa chake akulimbikitseni kuti muyesedwe nthawi zonse.
Kodi Pap Smear Ndi Chiyani?
Mapepala a Pap , omwe amatchedwanso kuti Pap, ndiwo njira yoyesera khansara ya chiberekero mwa amayi. Zimaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa maselo ku chiberekero ndi chiberekero - kumapeto kwa chiberekero chanu chomwe chiri pamwamba pa chiberekero chanu.
Pap smear nthawi zambiri imachitidwa mogwirizana ndi kuyeza kwa msana . Kwa amayi a zaka makumi atatu kapena kuposerapo, Pap smear ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mayeso a papillomavirus (HPV) - matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe angayambitse khansa ya chiberekero kwa amayi ena.
Zotsatira Zabwino za Pap Smear
Ngati maselo achiberekero okhawo amapezeka panthawi ya mapepala a Pap, mumati muli ndi zotsatira zoipa. Simudzasowa chithandizo china kapena kuyesedwa kufikira mutapatsidwa Pap smear yotsatira ndikuyezetsa magazi.
Zotsatira zovuta za Pap Smear
Ngati maselo osazolowereka kapena osadziwika amapezeka panthawi ya mapepala a Pap, mumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Zotsatira zabwino sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansara ya chiberekero. Zotsatira zabwino zimatanthawuza mtundu wa maselo omwe amapezeka poyesedwa.
Nazi zina zomwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito ndi zomwe mungachite:
Maselo Oopsya a Squamous Ofunika Osadziŵika (ASCUS)
Chotsatira chosachiritsika chomwe mungalandire chimatchedwa "maselo ovuta kwambiri omwe sali ofunika kwambiri" (amadziwika kuti ASCUS). Maselo a squamous ndi ofooka ndi ophwima ndipo amakula pamwamba pa kachilombo ka HIV .
Pankhani ya ASCUS, Pap smear imasonyeza maselo osadziwika ochepa kwambiri, koma kusintha sikukutanthauza kuti maselo amodzimodzi alipo.
Ndipotu, ngakhale zotsatira za ASCUS pap smear zingakhale zomveka, zimangowonongeka mwachibadwa ndipo ndizofala kwambiri za Pap smear zomwe mungalandire. Mwinanso sungakhale ndi vuto la khansa yapachiŵeni pomwe likugwirizana ndi zotsatira za ASCUS Pap smear.
Zomwe zimachititsa kuti ASCUS Pap smear zotsatira zikhale zosautsa (zoopsa), monga matenda kapena kutupa. Izi zikhoza kuchititsa maselo a chiberekero kuoneka osadziwika. Potsirizira pake, maselo ambiri amabwerera ku mawonekedwe abwino ndi nthawi.
Kwa amayi ena, zotsatira za ASCUS zimachokera ku maselo achiberekero omwe amachititsidwa ndi matenda a HPV. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a pap smear test, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyambiranso zitsanzozo kuti aone ngati ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HPV - mitundu iyi ya HPV yowopsa kwambiri ikudziwika kuti ikulimbikitsa kukula kwa khansa ngati khansa ya pachibelekero.
Ngati palibe mavairasi omwe ali pangozi, maselo osadziwika omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha mayesero alibe chidwi. Ngati mavairasi opweteka alipo, mudzafunanso kuyesedwa.
Izi zikutchulidwa, nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa chiberekero sikukupita ku khansara ya chiberekero koma kumafuna kuwunikira kwambiri ndikutheka chithandizo kuti athetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero.
Sewamous Intraepithelial Lesion
Mawu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito posonyeza kuti maselo omwe amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku Pap smear angakhale osamalitsa.
Ngati kusintha kuli kochepa kalasi, kumatanthauza kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi ziwalo zina za maselo zimasonyeza kuti ngati mankhwalawa alipo, zingakhale zaka zambiri kuti asakhale khansara.
Ngati kusintha kuli kalasi yapamwamba, pali mwayi waukulu kuti chilondacho chikhoza kukhala khansara mwamsanga. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyesedwa koyezetsa magazi n'kofunika.
Maselo Amtundu Wambiri
Maselo achilendo amachititsa ntchentche ndikukula mu kutsegula kwa chiberekero chanu komanso mkati mwa chiberekero chanu.
Maselo amtundu wambiri amangooneka ngati osazolowereka, omwe amachititsa kudandaula chifukwa cha kupezeka kwachangu kapena khansa.
Kuyesedwa kofunikira n'kofunika kuti mudziwe kumene kuli magwero a maselo osadziwika ndi kufunikira kwawo.
Maselo a Squamous Cell kapena Adenocarcinoma
Chotsatira ichi chimatanthauza maselo omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ku Pap smear akuwoneka osasangalatsa kuti wodwalayo ali pafupi ndi khansara.
"Khansara yamagulu ya squamous" imatanthawuza khansa yotuluka m'maselo apansi a vaginito kapena chiberekero. "Adenocarcinoma" amatanthauza khansa yotuluka m'maselo osasangalatsa. Ngati maselo oterewa apezeka, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kufufuza mwamsanga.
Tsatirani Pambuyo pa Pap Smear Yodetsa
Kutsata kumadalira mtundu wa zosaoneka zomwe zawoneka. Nthawi zina, kubwereza kuyesedwa ndikofunika. Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu amatha kupanga njira yotchedwa colposcopy pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chodziwika bwino (colposcope) kuti aone ngati pali chiberekero, chiberekero, ndi mimba .
Dokotala wanu nayenso angatenge zitsanzo zamatsenga ( biopsy ) kuchokera kumadera aliwonse omwe amawoneka achilendo. Chitsanzo cha minofu chimatumizidwa ku labotale kuti chifufuze ndi kufotokoza bwinobwino. Malingana ndi zotsatirazi, mungafunike chithandizo kuti muchotse maselo osadziwika. Pambuyo pa chithandizo, muyenera kupitiliza kutsatila kansalu ya khansa ya pachibelekero.
Mawu Ochokera
Kuzindikira khansara ya chiberekero mwamsanga ndi Pap smear kumakupatsani mwayi waukulu pa machiritso. Pitirizani kuphunzira za thanzi lanu lachiberekero ndipo pitirirani ndi mapepala anu a pap. Chidwi china ndi kukumbukira kuti musagone , kugula , kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtundu wina wa ukhondo kwa maola 48 musanayambe kuyesedwa kwa Pap, ngati izi zingapereke zotsatira zabodza.
Zotsatira:
American College of Obstetrics ndi Gynecology. (January 2016). Mafunso Omwe Amadzifunsa Kawirikawiri: Mayesero Osakanizidwa a Khansa Yoyesera.
American College of Obstetrics ndi Gynecology. (February 2016). Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri: Kuyezetsa Khansa ya Chiberekero.