Kodi nkotheka kuti chinachake chimene chimatenga masekondi okha chingakupangitseni kukhala wathanzi nyengo ino? Chabwino, malinga ndi US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Health Canada, ndi mabungwe ena azaumoyo padziko lonse, ndizo zomwe mfuti yanu ya pachaka imapereka. Ndipo ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 50, akukuuzani kuti mukufunikira katemera uwu. Chifukwa chiyani?
Anthu oposa 50 (makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 65) amaonedwa kuti ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chimfine , monga momwe aliri m'magulu ena omwe ali ndi chiopsezo ngati amayi apakati, anthu a misinkhu yonse omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amakhalapobe ngati matenda osokoneza bongo matenda ( COPD ), matenda a mtima, shuga kapena mphumu, ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala.
Katemera wa chimfine amatengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri yotetezera-ndi omwe mumakumana nawo-kuchokera ku fuluwenza.
Kodi Fluenza N'chiyani?
Khwangwala, kapena "chimfine" mwachidule, ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri opatsirana chifukwa cha mavairasi omwe amafalikira mumlengalenga pamene wina akuwombera kapena akukakamira, kapena mwa kukhudzana ndi chinachake chimene kachilombo kamakhalako, monga chingwe cha pakhomo kapena foni. Vuto la chimfine lingathe kukhala ndi maola ambiri kunja, malinga ndi National Institute on Aging.
Ngakhale kuti ndi zosavuta kulakwitsa kuti chimfine chizizira kwambiri, zizindikiro za chimfine zimaphatikizapo malungo, mutu, chifuwa, ndi zilonda zowawa. Kutopa kwambiri, komanso kutopa kwathunthu kwa milungu itatu, kumakhalanso kofala. Mavuto monga bronchitis ndi chibayo angapangitse kuchipatala kapena imfa.
Kodi Katemera Wachirombo Ndi Chiyani?
Chaka chilichonse kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chimfine kapena kuwombera kumapangidwira, potsata ndondomeko ya akatswiri odwala matenda a matenda a matenda ndi matenda ena a matenda a CDC, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), World Health Organization (WHO), ndi ena.
Deta kuchokera ku ma laboratories oposa frida 100, m'mayiko oposa 100, amafufuzidwa.
Masika aliwonse, gulu la mayiko lonse limagwiritsa ntchito mavairasi atatu opambana omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a chiwombankhanga awonongeke mtsogolo komanso nyengo ya chimfine yozizira. Nthawi zina katemerayu amakhala ndi kachilombo kofanana kuyambira chaka chatha; Nthawi zina katemerawa wapangidwa kuti amenyane ndi mavairasi atsopano atatu.
Mmene chimfine chimagwirira ntchito chaka chilichonse chidzadalira ngati mavairasi atatu omwe amasankhidwa katemerawa amatha kufanana ndi mitundu yomwe imakhalapo, komanso zaka zonse komanso thanzi la anthu omwe amawombera. Ngati munthu wachikulire ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, chitetezo chawo pa mavairasi omwe ali mu katemera sichikhala cholimba, mwina.
Kuopsa kwa Fulu kwa Achikulire Achikulire
Anthu okalamba amakhala ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi chimfine kusiyana ndi achikulire, achikulire wathanzi. CDC ikulongosola kuti ku United States, anthu oposa 65 ali ndi zaka zoposa 90 peresenti-za imfa chifukwa cha chimfine. Pafupifupi theka (60 peresenti) ya chipatala cha fuluwenza ndi odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zofanana.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amsinkhu uliwonse amachira ndi matenda a chimfine, matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa munthu amene akudwala matenda aakulu. Mwachitsanzo, chimfine chingayambitse kupweteka kwa mphumu zambiri , zingayambitse kupuma kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a mapapu kapena kuwonjezereka kwa mtima monga kupweteka mtima kwa mtima .
Ambiri mwa milandu yaikulu amachitika kwa anthu akuluakulu oposa zaka 65. Koma, malo otsogolera odwala ndi oteteza matendawa amalimbikitsanso kuti munthu aliyense wamkulu kuposa 50 kapena wina aliyense azisamalira munthu wazaka zino.
Kodi Mafupa Amakhala Kuti?
Matenda ambiri a chimfine amapezeka pakati pa mwezi wa November ndi April, ndipo zimachitika mu January kapena February.
Kuthamanga kwa Madzi ndi Kutetezeka Kwambiri
Mukakhala ndi chimfine, pamafunika pafupifupi masabata awiri kuti ikhale yogwira mtima. Katemera wa chifuwa chaka chilichonse umalimbikitsidwa kwambiri chifukwa chitetezo cha mavairasi chimatuluka pa nthawi ndipo chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa katemera tingasankhidwe kukhala mbali ya chaka chilichonse chimfine.
Mphuno Yamtundu wa Fluzone
Katemera woterewu amachititsa kuti anthu asapitilire zaka 65 ali ndi kachilombo ka antigen kapena katemera ndipo amapezeka kwa anthu a zaka zoposa 65. Mlingo wapamwamba umapereka mphamvu yowononga chitetezo ku katemera komanso nthawi yayitali katemera katemera, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi ukalamba.
Ku US, makampani ambiri a inshuwaransi amayang'anira mtengo wa chimfine. Ku Canada, mapiri ndi madera amadziwa kuti katemerawo adzaperekedwa kwaulere kwa okhalamo.
Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Tsamba Lachidziwitso.
http://www.cdc.gov/Features/FLU/
Flu - Pezani Shot. Bungwe la National NIH la US NIH pa Zomwe Zakalamba Zakulirapo.
http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/flu-get-shot
Zizindikiro Zamabulu & Kupsinjika. NIH National Institute of Etizer and Infectious Diseases Pagulu Lamauthenga Onse.
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/flu/understandingflu/Pages/sympComp.aspx
Okalamba ndi Kuthamanga kwa Mvula. US Department of Health & Human Services. Tsamba Lachidziwitso.
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/65over.htm