Mumamva zambiri za zakudya zomwe zimafala kwambiri , komabe, kuphatikizapo zakudya zisanu ndi zitatu zokha, zakudya zina zambiri zingayambitse matendawa. Ndipotu, malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oletsa matenda ndi matenda (CDC), zakudya zoposa 160 zakhala zikuchititsa kuti anthu azidya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimaonetsa kuti anthu ambiri amadya chakudya chomwe sichimakhala chakudya chokwanira.
Cross-Reactivity
Matenda opatsirana ammimba (OAS) kapena matenda a zilonda zakutchire, ndi momwe zimakhalira pakamwa ndi pammero zimakhala zochokera kwa munthu wina yemwe ali ndi vuto lopuma kupuma monga mtengo, udzu, kapena udzu pollens.
Izi zimakhudza mungu ndipo chakudya chimagwirizana ndi kufanana kwa mapuloteni omwe ali ndi zamoyo zonsezi, otchedwa cross-reactivity . Mwa kuyankhula kwina, anthu omwe ali ndi OAS ali ndi zovuta zowonongeka zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mapuloteni mu zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zawo zamkati.
Mbalame yamtunduwu imalembedwa pakati pa mtundu wa birch, mungu, udzu, udzu ndi Timothy udzu wosiyanasiyana, masamba ndi mbewu, mtedza ndi mbewu, masamba, zitsamba, ndi zonunkhira. Zomwe zimachitika komanso kufalikira kwazomwe zimakhala zosiyana siyana padziko lapansi, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa malo ndi nyengo.
Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zakudya zomwe zimafala kwambiri zokhudzana ndi OAS:
Maselo a Apple
Mavitamini a Apple amagwirizanitsidwa ndi OAS, omwe ali ndi 50 mpaka 80% mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta za mtundu wa birch ndi mungu wa mtundu wa mugwort womwe umachita ndi apulo yaiwisi.
Zizindikiro za ma apulo zimakhala makamaka mkati mwa pakamwa ndipo zimachitika mkati mwa mphindi zisanu kudya chakudya chokhumudwitsa mwa anthu ovuta kwambiri.
Pafupifupi anthu onse adzawona zizindikiro mkati mwa kudya kwa maminiti 30. Zizindikiro zimatha kuthetsa munthu atasiya kudya apulo. Zomwe zimatheka ndizotheka, makamaka ngati kupweteka kwa mmimba kumakhudza chifukwa izi zingayambitse kupuma.
Citrus Zozizira
Mankhwala a zipatso za citrus angaphatikizepo imodzi kapena yambiri mwa mitundu iyi: lalanje, mphesa, mandimu, ndi mandimu. Zomwe zimachitika zimatha kuchoka pakamwa pakamwa pakamwa kufika pa anaphylaxis . Pali kuyanjana pakati pa zipatso za citrus, kutanthauza kuti zowonjezera zipatso za citrus zimachulukitsa mwayi wotsalira ku zipatso zina za citrus. Grass pollens, Timothy grass, birch mungu ndi mungu wa mugwort akhoza kuthandizira zipatso za citrus chifukwa cha mapuloteni omwewo.
Matenda a Banana
Mankhwalawa amasiyana ndi nthochi ndipo amatha kuyamwa mkamwa ndi mmero, ming'oma (urticaria), kutupa (angioedema ), ndi kuwomba. Zizindikiro zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana pakamwa ndi zizindikiro za m'kamwa. Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro zimayamba mkati mwa mphindi pang'ono kudya chipatsocho.
Kulowetsa mtanda pakati pa ragweed ndi nthochi kumadziwika.
Ngati muli ndi matenda a nthochi mungathe kuchitapo kanthu ndi mpira warebera latex. Latex imapangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo wa mtengo wa rabara, womwe uli ndi mapuloteni omwewo kwa iwo nthochi ndi zakudya zina monga kiwi ndi avocado.
Ziphuphu Zotsutsana
Coriander ali m'gulu la zonunkhira zomwe zimaphatikizapo caraway, fennel, ndi udzu winawake wambiri. Zonsezi zakhala zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika. Sitinoni, safironi, ndi mpiru zakhala zikudziwikanso chifukwa cha kuyambitsa.
Padziko lonse lapansi, zonunkhira zakhala zowonjezera zakudya zambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti mungu umatha kubzala mungu, mungu wa udzu, udzu wobiriwira ndi Timoteo udzu ndiwo omwe amawonekera kwambiri.
Selari Zovuta
Zilonda zadyera zimakhala zofala ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala pamwamba. Mbalame yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mungu wa phala, komanso udzu wobiriwira ndi Timothy grass.
Malingana ndi The Anaphylaxis Campaign, 30% mpaka 40% ya anthu odwala matendawa amathandizidwa kudzu winawake.
Chizindikiro cha Kokonati
Chizindikiro cha kokonati ndi chosowa kwambiri. Malingana ndi FDA, kokonati imatchulidwa ngati mtedza wa mtengo kuti cholinga chake chikhale chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuteteza anthu. Kokonati si mtedza wa mtengo, komabe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi nthenda zamtengo akhoza kudya kakhuta popanda vuto. Ngakhale anthu owerengeka ali ndi vuto la kokonati, amakhalapo. Nkhaniyi imapereka ndemanga yowonjezereka yokhudzana ndi matenda a kokonati .
Nyama Zozizira
Kudya zakudya sizodziwika koma anthu ena amakhala ndi zowopsa kwa nyama, ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa, nkhumba, ndi mbuzi. Mankhwala ofiira ofiira nkhumba ndi nkhumba amagwirizana ndi nkhuku kuluma kuchokera ku Lone Star nkhuku. Mafunsowa angapezeke kum'mwera chakum'maŵa, kuchokera ku Texas mpaka ku New England.
Zomwe zimachitika ku nyama yofiira nthawi zambiri zimachedwa, zimachitika maola ambiri mutadya nyama yofiira, ngakhale izi siziri choncho nthawi zonse. Zizindikiro zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kunyoza, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba, ndikumenyana komweko. Matenda a anaphylactic angachitike kwa anthu omwe amatha kudya nyama yofiira.
Ngati mumayambitsa mtundu wina wa nyama, mungayambe kukonda nyama, monga nkhuku. Chiwerengero chochepa cha ana omwe amatsutsana ndi mkaka angakhalenso zakudya zowonongeka.
Kuchepetsa pakati pa kudya nyama zofiira kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lofiira. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi zowononga zofiira za nyama zofiira adzayesa zowonongeka pambuyo potsatira mayeso a immunoglobulin E skin prick test.
Latex Zozizira
Pamene anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lochedwa latex amadya chakudya chokhala ndi antigen yofanana (mapuloteni omwe amachititsa kuti asawonongeke), zizindikiro zimayamba. Izi zimatchedwa matenda a latex-fruit . Osati anthu onse omwe amatsutsika ndi latex adzakhala ndi vutoli. Kufikira 50 mpaka 70% a anthu omwe ali ndi raba yachilengedwe latex amathandizidwa ku zakudya zina, makamaka zipatso. Zimakhala zosavuta kuwona zowonongeka ndi pepala, nthochi, chimanga, mkuta, kiwi, mango, papaya, chipatso chachisanu, phwetekere, mpiru, zukini, tsabola, udzu winawake, mbatata, ndi apulole. Komabe, kukhudzidwa kwa zakudya zina zosiyanasiyana kwalembedwa.
Ngati munthu wotsekemera amatha kutenga chakudya, ayenera kupewa chakudyacho. Ngati pali kukayikira, kuyesedwa kwa pamlomo kuyesa chakudya kumayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.
> Zotsatira:
> American College of Allergy, Chifuwa, ndi Immunology: http://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/meat-allergy
> American College of Allergy, Chifuwa, ndi Immunology: http://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/oral-allergy-syndrome
> Anaphylaxis Campaign: http://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/what-is-anaphylaxis/knowledgebase/oral-allergy-syndromes-factsheet?page=8
> Joneja JV. Buku la Health Professional Guide ku Chakudya Chamtendere ndi Chisamaliro.