Chinthu P chili ndi zotsatira zowonongeka
Momwe P substance P idadziwidwira
Thupi P linayamba kupezeka mu 1931, koma tanthauzo lake m'thupi linatenga zaka zambiri kuti lisatuluke. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1950, adatsimikiziranso kuti P substance inali ya ubongo. Maselo ammitsempha amalankhulana kudzera m'magulu a m'mimba. Thupi P linapezeka kuti limagwira ntchito ngati phulusa lopweteka. Nyanga yamphongo imakhala ndi mapuloteni othamanga ndipo imapezeka pamagulu onse a msana.
Pofika zaka za m'ma 1970, zinthu zakuthupi za thupi P zinawululidwa. Thupi P linadziwika ngati mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa ndi amino acid.
Udindo wa mankhwala P mu thupi
Ziweto zambiri ndi mavitamini ankayesa kuti gawo la thupi P likhale lomveka bwino. Ochita kafukufuku adapeza kuti mankhwala P amachititsa ululu kudzera mu njira yotchedwa nociception. A nociceptor ndi maselo a mitsempha kapena mitsempha yomwe imayambitsa zowonongeka zowonongeka powonetsa chizindikiro cha msana ndi ubongo. Kusankha kusokoneza maganizo kumapweteka. Zinazindikiranso kuti mankhwala P ali ndi zotsatira zowonongeka.
Thupi P ndi mchere wawo wamkulu, neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor, alipo mu neurons omwe ali m'kati mwa neuroaxis (mzere womwe umadutsamo ubongo ndi msana). Nkhono zimenezi zimawathandiza kupweteka, nkhawa, ndi nkhawa. Pinthu P imakhalanso mu dongosolo la mitsempha ya pakati, kuphatikizapo hypothalamus ndi amygdala.
Madera awa akugwirizana ndi khalidwe la maganizo.
Kuwonjezera pa kuvutika maganizo, kupanikizika, ndi nkhawa, pinthu P inapezeka kuti ikuthandizira mu mayankho ena ambiri a physiologic:
- kusanza
- khalidwe loteteza
- kusintha mumtima
- zokopa zachinsinsi
- kupweteka kwa minofu
- vasodilation
Thupi P ndi Arthritis
Akatswiri ofufuza apeza kuti P inagwidwa ndi matenda a kutupa nyamakazi komanso matenda opweteka. Chifukwa cha mankhwala P kuti azitha kugwira ntchito yodwala nyamakazi, dongosolo la mitsempha liyenera kukhala lokhudzidwa ndi matenda a nyamakazi. Payenera kukhala kusungulumwa kwa mitsempha kumalo ophatikizana . Zomwe zinafukufuku zikusonyeza kuti ndizo:
- Thupi P linapezeka m'malo enieni.
- Mankhwala P alipo m'misampha yapamwamba mu synovial yamadzi odwala nyamakazi .
- Chiwerengero cha mankhwala P mapuloteni amasiyana ndi mitsempha ya nyamakazi.
Levine ndi al. analimbikitsa kuti njira za neural zingapereke tsatanetsatane wa zina zotchuka za nyamakazi ya nyamakazi: ziwalo zina zingathe kukhala ndi nyamakazi; Makhalidwe enieni amakula kwambiri nyamakazi; ndipo chitsanzo cha ziwalo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi zimagwirizana komanso zimagwirizana. Lotz et al. anapeza kuti wina akhoza kutenga mankhwala P mu nyamakazi. Lotz ndi timu yake adasonyeza kuti mankhwala P akhoza kulimbikitsa synoviocytes (synovial cells) mu nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Chinthu P chinapangitsa kuti prostaglandin ndi collagenase zichoke ku synoviocytes.
Kuyembekezera Zinthu P
Kodi kufufuza ntchito ya mankhwala P kunapereka chithandizo chatsopano cha nyamakazi ya nyamakazi?
Osati ndendende. Koma, ochita kafukufuku amanena kuti ndizotheka kuti munthu wina wotsutsana ndi NK1 (blocker) apangidwe ngati mankhwala a nyamakazi. M'menemo:
- Glucocorticoids ikhoza kuchepetsa kutupa komwe kumayambitsa mitsempha ya mitsempha mwa kuchepetsa mawu a NK-1, pamene kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga nyamayi yomwe imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala P.
- Mutu wa capsaicin umatha kutulutsa mankhwala P kuchokera kumtunda wa m'mitsempha kuti athetse ululu. Malinga ndi katswiri wa matenda a rheumatologist, Scott J. Zashin, MD, capsaicin akhoza kutenga masabata 1 mpaka 4 kuti agwire ntchito. Kuti apindule ndi kupweteka, capsaicin iyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito molingana ndi malangizo.
Udindo wa mankhwala P mu ululu wovuta Kuchita opaleshoni
Chidziwitso chokhudza udindo wa mankhwala P pakakhala kupweteka kwachidziwitso pakapita opaleshoni odwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu otupa sangatheke, monga momwe zilili pokhudzana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa kusintha kwa thupi P ndi kupweteka kwambiri. Malingana ndi PLoS One (2016), ofufuza anaphunzira kugwirizana pakati pa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa P P and kupweteka kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a nyamakazi omwe anachitidwa opaleshoni ya mafupa. Iwo anapeza kuti mgwirizano pakati pa ululu wowawa kwambiri ndi mankhwala P Phungu wa seramu unayamba kuchitika pambuyo pa odwala omwe ali ndi nyamakazi, koma sanawoneke m'madzi otentha.
> Zotsatira:
> Garret NE et al. Udindo wa mankhwala P mu kutupa nyamakazi . Annals wa Rheumatic Diseases 1992; 51: 1014-1018.
> Keeble ndi Ubongo. Udindo wa mankhwala P mu nyamakazi? Maphunziro a sayansi. Volume 361. Nkhani 1, 6 May 2004. Tsamba 176-179
> Levine JD, Collier DH, Basbaum AI, Moskowitz MA, Helms CA. Chizindikiro: mitsempha ya mitsempha imathandizira kudwala matenda a nyamakazi. Magazini ya Rheumatology. 1985, 12 (3): 406-411.
> Lisowska, B. et al. Chinthu P Ndikumva Ululu Wambiri Odwala Akuchita Opaleshoni. PLoS One. 2016 Jan 5; 11 (1): e0146400. lembani: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0146400.
> Lotz M, Carson DA, Vaughan JH. Chinthu P kuyambitsa chifuwa chachikulu cha syneviocytes: njira ya neural njira ya pathogenesis ya nyamakazi. Sayansi. 1987 Feb 20; 235 (4791): 893-5.
> O'Connor T et al. Udindo wa mankhwala P mu kutupa kwa matenda. Journal of Cell Physiology. 2004 Nov; 201 (2) 167-80.