Matenda a fungal akhoza kupita ku matenda opatsirana ndi Edzi
Candidiasis ndi matenda opatsirana chifukwa cha matenda a Candida , mtundu wa yisiti. Kawirikawiri amatchedwa thrush, matendawa amadziwika ndi zikopa zofiira, zoyera pa lilime, komanso mbali zina za pakamwa ndi mmero. Pakhosi ndi kuvutika kumeza kungaperekenso.
Pamene candidiasis imapereka chiberekero, imatchedwa matenda a yisiti ndipo imakhala ndi tchire, tchizi monga kutuluka kumaliseche.
Kuwotcha kwa maginito, kuyabwa, ndi kupweteka kumadziŵika kawirikawiri panthawi yophulika.
Ngakhale mosavuta, Matenda a Candida angapezeke pa khungu, pansi pa zikhomo, pamtunda, pena, kapena peni, kapena mkati mwa malo ozungulira kapena pena .
Chidebe cha Candida chingachotsedwe kuchokera ku lilime, makoma a pakamwa, kapena makoma a vaginja, pofotokoza chibwibwi, chofiira, chogudulidwa pansi. Chipikacho ndi chosasunthika.
Candidiasis siwochilendo ndipo nthawi zambiri amasonyeza ngati chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu n'chochepa. Chotupitsa cha Candida chilipo mwa anthu ambiri, mkati mwa zomera zakutchire ndi pakamwa, komanso pakhungu. Ndizochitika pamene kusintha kwa machitidwewa kumachitika kuti Candida akhoza kukula bwino, kawirikawiri akuwonetsa ndi matenda opatsirana.
Komabe, pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimasokonezeka kwambiri, monga momwe chingathere ndi HIV yosatengeredwa , Candida akhoza kukhala wowopsya ndi kufalikira thupi lonse, kuchititsa matenda aakulu komanso imfa.
Candidiasis mu kachilombo ka HIV
Chifukwa chakuti kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ka HIV kamapangitsa munthu kutenga chitetezo chake cha mthupi, candidiasis amadziwika kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Ngakhale zikhoza kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri ngakhale kwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV (ART) , kawirikawiri amadziwika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi machitidwe akuluakulu a chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala chizindikiro chochenjeza za matenda akuluakulu okhudzana ndi HIV .
Ngati kachilombo ka HIV kamatayidwa ndipo kachilombo ka CD4 kamene kamasambira pansi pa maselo 200 / mL (chimodzi mwa magawo omwe ali ndi AIDS ), chiopsezo cha candidiasis choopsa chikuwonjezeka kwambiri. Chotsatira chake, candidiasis ya mimba, bronchi, trachea kapena mapapo (koma osati pakamwa) lero ali ndi mkhalidwe wofotokozera za Edzi .
Kuopsa kwa candidiasis sikuti kumangogwirizana ndi momwe thupi limatetezera munthu koma kuti likhale ndi chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Choncho, ngakhale munthu ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HIV, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ART kungapindulitse mwa njira yopewera matenda-osati kokha kwa matenda a Candida komanso matenda ena opatsirana.
Mitundu ya Candidiasis
Candidiasis ikhoza kupereka njira zosiyanasiyana: pa ma tishu a mucosal, pa khungu, kapena mozungulira thupi lonse. Iwo amadziwika kuti ndi awa:
Mucosal candidiasis
- Oral candidiasis (oral thrush, oropharyngeal candidiasis)
- Candidal vulvovaginitis (matenda a yisiti)
- Esophageal candidiasis (candidiasis ya phokoso)
- Candidal balanitis (candidiasis ya mbolo, yomwe imachitika pafupifupi amuna osadulidwa okha)
Khungu (skin) candidiasis
Candidiasis yosavuta
- Candidiasis yeniyeni, yokhala ndi chiwalo chimodzi
- Kusindikizidwa kwa candidiasis, kuphatikizapo ziwalo zambiri
Kuzindikira kwa matenda a Candida kumachitika kafukufuku wamakono komanso / kapena kuperekera kwa yisiti spores.
Kuchiza ndi Kuteteza Candidiasis
Chofunika kwambiri choyamba kuchiza kapena kupewa candidiasis kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi kubwezeretsa chitetezo cha munthu poyambitsa ART . Kuchiza matenda a Candida kokha sikungathandize kuchepetsa kubwezeretsa ngati chitetezo cha mthupi sichiyenera kubwezeretsedwa bwino.
Matenda a Candida amadziwika kwambiri ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga fluconazole, clotrimazole, topical nystatin, ndi ketoconazole.
Ma oral candidiasis amavomereza bwino mankhwala opatsirana, ngakhale kuti mankhwala opatsirana amatha kulembedwa. Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa pamlomo kapena mwachangu, malingana ndi kuuma, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito amphotericin B mu milandu yovuta kwambiri.
Kalasi yatsopano ya antitifungal yotchedwa echinocandins ikugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza candidiasis yapamwamba. Kawirikawiri, majekinki amapereka mankhwala ochepetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi ocheperako mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa odwala osagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo. Mitundu yonse itatu (anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin) imayendetsedwa mwachangu.
Candidiasis yokhazikika komanso yofalitsidwa yomwe imakhudza mafupa, mapulogalamu oyambirira a mitsempha, maso, impso, chiwindi, minofu, kapena ntchentche amachiritsidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, poyendetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso okhudzana ndi mankhwala. Amphoterin B ndi njira ina yothetsera.
Chitsime:
> Ma Institutes of Health (NIH). "Malangizo Othandizira Kupewa ndi Kuchiza Matenda Oponderezedwa Omwe Akhudzidwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi Achinyamata." AIDSInfo; Bethesda, Maryland; inapezeka pa June 21, 2015.
> NIH. " Candidiasis yokhudzana ndi HIV ." AIDSInfo; lofalitsidwa pa April 1, 1995; zasinthidwa pa May 24, 2016.