Anthu padziko lonse akukula mofulumira. National Institute of Aging akuti, pofika mu 2050, anthu 1.5 biliyoni adzakhala ndi zaka 65 kapena kupitirira . Mayiko omwe amapindula kwambiri amakhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu okalamba. Komabe, mayiko osauka tsopano ali ndi anthu omwe akukalamba kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lonse. Kukalamba kumatanthauzanso kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha anthu achikulire kwa anthu osakwanitsa zaka 65.
Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa chakuti omwe ali pantchito yosamalira achikulire nthawi zambiri ali ndi zaka 65.
Poganizira zowonongeka izi, n'zomveka kuti mbali zina za chisamaliro zingafunikire kutulutsidwa ndi ma robot kuti athe kuchepetsa kusowa kwa anthu osamalira komanso kupereka moyo wathanzi kwa okalamba.
Market ikufuna kupanga ma robot omwe angasamalire ana aamuna othawa pakhomo pamene akuthawa pantchito akuyenda bwino, ndipo ena ali kale malonda.
Kuchokera ku 'Smart Home' kukhala Wothandizira
Kukula kwa masensa ndi zipangizo zomwe zingathe kuyang'anitsitsa munthu, kufufuza zaumoyo ndi ntchito, ndikuwonetseratu kuti pali ngozi yomwe idakambidwa kale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90. Mwachitsanzo, chojambulira bedi chophweka, chingawonetse ngati munthu anagona usiku koma sanabwererenso, kuchititsa kufunika koyesa ngati chirichonse chili bwino.
Lingaliro la "smart home" -dongosolo lopanda waya la zochitika zachilengedwe zomwe zimapereka chidziwitso pa kayendetsedwe ka munthu ndikugwirizanitsa zipangizo zamakono ndi zipangizo-ndi lingaliro lokhazikitsidwa bwino tsopano chifukwa cha "intaneti ya zinthu." Komabe, panthawi yapitayi zaka zingapo, sayansi yothandizira yakhala yopambana komanso yopambana.
Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mavidiyo ojambula mavidiyo omwe angathe kuyendetsedwa patali, kuphatikizapo zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru pakhomo lazinthu zaumunthu zomwe zimaphatikizapo masensa a kufufuza kwa biometric.
Pulojekiti ya GiraffPlus inali ndondomeko yolipirira ndalama za EU zomwe zinayendera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa robotics ndi anthu okalamba.
Zikukhulupirira kuti zakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tsogolo la chisamaliro cha anthu. Guloti ya Giraffe telepresence ilipo tsopano kuti igulidwe. Robot ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi masensa omwe amaikidwa pakhomo, kutsanzira kukhalapo kwa munthu.
'Kudya pa Magudumu', Literally
Yujin kampani yopanga robotics ku Korea yakhazikitsa robot yotchedwa GoCart yomwe cholinga chake ndi kupereka chakudya kumadera okalamba osamalidwa ndi zipatala.
Yujin amakhulupirira kuti potsiriza mphotho zake zidzatha kutenga nthawi yodyera ndi osamalira ufulu kwa ntchito zina zofunika kwambiri. GoCart imatha kuchita ntchito yobereka komanso kuyang'anira, kuyang'ana dziko lonseli ndi mapu ake (SLAM) mawonedwe ndi kuyankhula ndi GoCarts zina. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mophweka ndipo zimapereka odwala kuti aziwongolera zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kuitanitsa zopsereza zokha kudzera mwa smartphone yake ndikuwapulumutsa. GoCart ingathenso kuyitanitsa yokwera ndi kusuntha pakati pa nthaka. Yujin akulangiza kuti ma robot adzakhala okwera mtengo, kupulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama komanso kukhala njira yabwino kwa mabungwe ambiri othandizira thanzi. Mu March 2017, kampaniyo inalengeza kuti idzakhala ikuyamba ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera 2.2 za robot yawo, zomwe zingathe kunyamula zinthu zazikulu, monga nsalu kapena zinyalala.
Ngati kuyesedwa koyambiriraku kuli bwino, kupanga malonda kwakukulu kumakonzedwa kumapeto kwa chaka.
Ma Robot Ndi Mtima
Posachedwapa, ma robot sadzakongoza ngongole yokha. Zowonjezereka, zikukonzedwanso kuti zithandizire zosowa zaumtima za anthu ndikuchita nawo anzawo.
Ku Japan, wotchuka chifukwa cha ukalamba komanso zipangizo zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito robotics, phokoso lapadera linapangidwira kupanga ma robot olankhulana okalamba omwe ali ndi ubongo wozindikira monga dementia. Ma robot angathandize anthu ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kumwa mankhwala ndi kukonza ndondomeko, komanso kumagwirizana.
PARO (Daiwa House Industry), Pepper (SoftBank) ndi PARLO (Fujisoft) ndi ena mwa ma robot odziwika kwambiri omwe amapezeka ku Japan.
PARO, robot yofiira, yosindikizira yokhazikika kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi mwini wake ndikupanga malingaliro aumunthu agwiritsidwa ntchito monga chida chochiritsira ndi anthu omwe ali ndi autism ndi dementia. Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi Merel M. Jung ndi anzake ku University of Twente, Netherlands, adasonyeza kuti PARO inathandiza kwambiri odwala odwala matenda a maganizo. Omwe akugwiritsira ntchito akugwiritsa ntchito robot yanyama monga momwe angathandizire kuyankhulana ndi kusokoneza makhalidwe ovuta. Komabe, zinanenedwanso kuti ma robot amatha kuwononga kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito awo ndipo sanali oyenerera gulu la anthu achikulire, mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino akukhalabe okhaokha.
Mu 2015, SoftBank inayambitsa kugulitsa kwa Pepper-robot yoyamba padziko lapansi yomwe imawerenga mtima komanso imadzipanga yokha kuchokera pa nkhope, mawu ndi malo. Mwachitsanzo, Pepper amakhala wokondwa pamene amalandira chitamando, ndipo maganizo ake amavumbulutsidwa kudzera mu mtima womwe umasintha mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi maganizo ake.
Kodi Mukufuna Robot Kuti Ikuyang'ane?
Ma Robbo akuwonjezereka kwambiri. Komabe, funsoli lidalibebe ngati ma robbo angalowe m'malo mwawo osamalira anthu. Ndiponso, kodi mungafune kuti munthu wosakhala kuti akusamalirani? Zotsutsana zowonjezereka zakhululukidwa, mwachitsanzo, ma robot angapangitse kukhala ndi malingaliro okhudzidwa, kutayika kwachinsinsi ndi ufulu waumwini, ndi kusokoneza anthu achikulire. Kuwongolera mwatsatanetsatane mu Journal of the American Medical Directors Association kunanenanso kuti pakadakalibe umboni wosonyeza kuti ma robbo amagwira bwino ntchito zaumoyo. Komanso, maganizo pakati pa okalamba amawoneka ogawanika, ndipo zoyembekeza zawo ndi malingaliro awo pa robhoti sizimvetsetsedwanso komabe. Komabe, ngati anthu akusowa chithandizo pa zamalonda, tikhoza kuyamba kuyamikira ndi kuvomereza othandizira kuti azisamalira.
> Zosowa
> Bemelmans R, Gelderblom GJ, Jonker P. Ma Robot Othandiza Anthu Pakati pa Okalamba: Kukonzekera Mwadongosolo mu Zotsatira ndi Zogwira Mtima. Journal wa Association Medical Directors Association , 2012; 13 (2): 114-120.
> Broadbent E, Stafford R, Macdonald B. Kulandira Mapulogalamu Othandiza Amagulu a Anthu Okalamba: Kukonzekera ndi Kukonzekera Mtsogolo. International Journal of Social Robotics , 2009; 1: 319.
> Jung M, Van der Leij L, Kelders SM. Kufufuza kwa Mapindu a Wokondedwa wa Robot Wanyama monga Zophatikiza Zowonjezera Zowonjezera Zambiri za Dementia Care. Malire mu ICT , 2017
> Sharkey A, Sharkey N. Gogo ndi ma robot. Mfundo zokhudzana ndi kayendedwe ka robot kwa okalamba. Ethics and Information Technology, 2012; 14 (1): 27-40.