Misozi imatetezera maso, imayang'ana maso, imapatsa thanzi komanso imatsuka fumbi ndi zina. Pamene maso sapereka misozi yambiri kapena misozi yabwino, zotsatira zake ndizovuta zomwe madokotala ambiri amanena kuti ndi maso owuma. Mayina ena a mkhalidwewo ndi awa:
- keratitis sicca
- keratoconjunctivitis sicca
- xerophthalmia
- matenda owuma
Zizindikiro za Maso Ouma
Monga momwe dzina limasonyezera, vutoli limapangitsa maso kukhala owuma, okongola, ndi owongoka. Zizindikiro zina zingakhalepo:
- kutentha
- kupweteka
- kuyabwa
- ululu
- kuzindikira kuunika
- zofiira
- masomphenya ophwanyika
- kumverera kuti pali chidutswa cha dothi m'maso
- kuchotsa kwachangu m'maso
Misozi ya Reflex
Maso owuma angapangitse maso kusamba. Izi zingachitike ngati maso akukwiyitsa. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi kugwetsa ntchito komwe kumayambitsa pamene chinachake chimabwera m'diso lako. Amatchedwa misozi yozizira.
Misozi yowonjezera (madzi omwe amapangidwa chifukwa chovulala, kupsa mtima, kapena kutengeka) alibe zida zoyenera kuti azipewa maso owuma. Firimu yowonongeka imapangidwa ndi madzi, mafuta, ndi ntchentche, zomwe zonsezi ndi zofunika kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino. The cornea, yomwe imayang'ana kutsogolo kwa diso, imafuna misonzi mosalekeza kuti iteteze ku matenda.
- mawonekedwe a kunja ndi mkati
- anatomy maso
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi maso owuma amamva kupsa mtima pang'ono popanda zotsatira za nthawi yaitali. Koma ngati chithandizocho sichikuchitidwa kapena chikhala choopsa, kuwonongeka kwa diso ndi kutayika kwa masomphenya kungachitike. Mavuto aakulu ndi maso owuma angayambitse:
- kutukumula kwa diso
- matenda opatsirana
- scarring
Pamene zizindikiro zowumitsa zowopsya zimakhala zovuta, zimatha kusokoneza ubwino wa moyo.
Anthu ena angakhale ovuta kusunga maso awo kapena sangathe kugwira ntchito kapena kuyendetsa galimoto. Kuyezetsa magazi koyambirira kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu pakuchepetsa vutoli.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Maso Ouma
Kukalamba
Kukalamba ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimawoneka chifukwa cha maso owuma chifukwa kuwonongeka kwachepa kumachepa pamene tikukula.
Kusintha kwa mahomoni
Diso lakuuma limakhudza amayi ambiri kusiyana ndi amuna chifukwa kusintha kwa hormonal (monga zomwe zimachitika pathupi, kumaliseche, ndi kutha kwa thupi) kungachepetse kupanga misozi.
Zinthu Zachilengedwe
Zinthu zachilengedwe zingathandizenso kuti maso aziwuma; izi zikuphatikizapo:
- mphepo
- kutentha
- fumbi
- makometsedwe a mpweya
- utsi wa ndudu
- ngakhale zowuma tsitsi zingapangitse maso kukhala owuma
Anthu ena amapindula popewa malo otupa, osuta fodya, kuvala magalasi, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi kuti azisakaniza mpweya wozungulira.
Osati Kokwiyitsa Kwambiri
Chinthu china chodziwika bwino sichikugwedeza mokwanira, zomwe zimachitika pazinthu monga kuonera TV ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta. Nthaŵi iliyonse pamene mumanyezimula, amavala maso ndi misonzi. Nthawi zambiri mumagwedeza pafupifupi masekondi khumi ndi awiri. Kafukufuku waphunzitsidwa pa anthu osewera masewera a pakompyuta, ndipo anapeza kuti anthu ena anawomba kamodzi kapena kawiri maminiti atatu.
Lenses Lumikizanani
Akatswiri amakhulupirira pafupifupi theka la anthu onse amene amavala malingaliro a lens okhala ndi maso owuma.
Ndi chifukwa chakuti makina othandizira otetezeka, omwe amayandama pa filimu yowonongeka yomwe imaphimba cornea, imatulutsa misozi m'maso.
Kukonzekera kwa Laser Kukonzekera ndi Njira Zina
Diso lakuuma limayambira kapena likuipiraipira pambuyo pa LASIK ndi ma opaleshoni ena opanga opaleshoni, omwe mitsempha yamakono imadulidwa panthawi ya kulumikiza. Mitsempha yamtunduwu imachititsa kuti misozi ichepetse. Ngati mwakhala ndi maso owuma chifukwa chovala makalenseni kapena chifukwa china chilichonse ndipo mukuganiza za opaleshoni yokhayokha, izi ndizofunika kuziganizira.
Mankhwala Ena
Maso owuma angadwalenso ndi mankhwala ena, kuphatikizapo:
- antihistamines
- anti-depressants
- mapiritsi oletsa kubereka
- mafinya amphongo
- mankhwala a acne Acutane
Matenda Odzidzimutsa
Matenda ena omwe amadzimadzimadzimadzi amadzimadzi amatha kupweteka mitsempha yotupa, monga:
- lupus, matenda okhaokha omwe angakhudze mbali zambiri za thupi
- Matenda a nyamakazi , matenda opweteka omwe amachititsa ululu, kutupa, kuuma, kutayika kwa ntchito, ndi zotsatira zowonongeka
- Matenda a Sjogren, matenda omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiteteze mavitamini opanga chinyezi, kuchititsa kuyamwa mkamwa ndi maso
Matenda Ena
Matenda ena akhoza kuyambitsa maso owuma. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya matenda a chithokomiro ikhoza kusokoneza kugwedeza. Blepharitis, kutupa kwa maso, kungachititse kuti mazira a mafuta asokonezeke.
Kusanthula Maso Ouma
Madokotala owona amagwiritsa ntchito mayesero osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kuti azitha kuyesa. Mwachitsanzo, mayeso a Schirmer amagwiritsa ntchito mapepala ang'onoang'ono omwe amaikidwa pamphepete mwa maso a m'munsi. Izi zimatengera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'diso, komanso zimathandizanso kudziwa kuopsa kwa vutoli. Madokotala angagwiritsenso ntchito utoto, monga fluorescein kapena ananyamuka bengal, omwe amaika pa diso kuti liwonongeke. Izi ndizowona kuti nkhope ya diso yakhudzidwa bwanji ndi kuuma. Chiyeso china, nthawi yopumula (TBUT), imatengera nthawi yomwe imatenga misonzi kuti iwonongeke mu diso.
Kuchiza Maso Ouma
Misozi Yopangira
Mzere woyamba wa chithandizo cha maso owuma nthawi zambiri umakhala pamwamba pa madontho a demulcent, omwe amadziwikanso ndi misonzi yopangira. Izi zimapangitsa diso kutsegula zizindikiro. Zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka m'zinthuzi zikuphatikizidwa ndi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mu Bion Misozi ndi GenTeal, ndi carboxymethylcellulose, yomwe ili mu Refresh Plus ndi Thera Tears. Nthawi zonse werengani malangizo, koma zinthuzi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zambiri monga tsiku lonse.
Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kukutsogolerani posankha choyenera kwa inu. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito madontho a maso ofiira, koma amatha kupukuta maso. Maso ofiira angayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zambiri, kuchokera ku chifuwa mpaka ku matenda a maso, chifukwa chake kuyezetsa bwino ndikofunika. Ngati muvala ma lens okhala nawo, gwiritsani ntchito madontho owezeretsa makamaka makalenseni. Mitundu ina ya madontho ingakhale ndi zitsulo zomwe zimawononga lens.
Restasis
Restasis (cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion) ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe amachititsa kuti maso ouma asapitirire. Povomerezedwa ndi Administration and Drug Administration mu 2002, mankhwalawa akuwonjezera kupanga misozi, yomwe ingachepetse chifukwa cha kutupa pamaso. Pakuyezetsa magazi anthu 1,200, Restasis yowonjezera misozi mwa odwala 15 peresenti, poyerekeza ndi 5 peresenti ya odwala mu gulu la placebo.
Restasis nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku, maola 12 pambali. Sitiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana maso kapena opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Sichiyesedwe kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a herpes a diso. Zotsatira zofala kwambiri ndi zotentha. Zotsatira zina zingaphatikizepo:
- kupukuta maso
- kutulutsa
- maso amadzi
- ululu wa diso
- chachilendo thupi thupi
- kuyabwa
- kupweteka
- masomphenya olakwika
Plugs Punctal
Kwa anthu omwe sanapeze chithandizo chamaso chowoneka ndi mankhwala, zida zamagulu zingathandize. Izi zimasungidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi diso lopitirira kapena lamafupi pamene mankhwala ena asanakhale okwanira.
Maso aliwonse, pali puncta zinayi, zotseguka zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimatulutsa misonzi m'makoti opukutira. Timapepala timene timaphatikiziridwa timayikidwa mu puncta kuti tisawononge ngalande. Madokotala ena amayesa zida zamakono zopangidwa ndi collagen poyamba kuti zitsimikizireni kuti pulasitiki yosatha sichidzapweteka kwambiri. Zikwangwani zosatha nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi silicone. Mipukutu ina yatsimikiziridwa yomwe imapangidwira ndi zinthu zowonongeka. Zina mwa izi zimalowetsedwa mu punctum monga madzi ndipo zimakhala zovuta ndikugwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka madzi. Zina zimayamba kutayika ndipo zimakhala zofewa komanso zowonongeka, zogwirizana ndi kukula kwake kwa chigamulo. Misozi yowonongeka imakhala ikufunikanso pakatha pulasitiki.
Akatswiri amatsindika kuopsa kwa zikwama zamagulu sizing'onozing'ono, koma zimakhala zoopsa zowopsya maso, kupopera kwambiri, ndipo, nthawi zambiri, matenda.
Mafuta a Nsomba
Omega-3 fatty acid zakudya zowonjezeramo zimathandizidwanso kwa anthu okhala ndi maso owuma.
Zotsatira:
Kuchita ndi Diso Louma, ndi Michelle Meadows, FDA Office of Public Affairs, Magazini ya FDA Consumer, May-June 2005 Nkhani
Diso Louma. Association of American Optometric Association.
http://www.aoa.org/patients-and-public/eye-and-vision-problems/glossary-of-eye-and-vision-conditions/dry-eye#3