Mitundu ya Pneumonectomy & Chifukwa cha Opaleshoni
Pneumonectomy ndi mtundu wa opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe mapapo onse amachotsedwa ngati chithandizo cha khansa yamapapo. Pneumonectomy imapangidwanso nthawi zina, monga chifuwa chachikulu, COPD, kapena kupwetekedwa mtima komwe kumayambitsa mitsempha yambiri yamagazi pafupi ndi mapapo.
(Opaleshoni zina za khansa yamapapo zimaphatikizapo mphete resection ndi lobectomy .)
Mitundu ya Pneumonectomy
Pali njira ziwiri zopaleshoni zoyambira pansi pa mutu wa pneumonectomy:
- Pneumonectomy Standard : Ndi pneumonectomy yeniyeni, kapena mapapu abwino (omwe ali ndi 3 lobes) kapena mapewa a kumanzere (okhala ndi 2 lobes) achotsedwa.
- Pneumonectomy yowonjezera : Mu pneumonectomy yowonjezera, imodzi mwa mapapo imachotsedwa limodzi ndi gawo la phulusa , nembanemba yophimba chifuwa ( pleura ), ndi gawo la memphane yomwe imayika mtima. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa mesothelioma , mtundu wa khansara yomwe imayambira mu chipinda chozungulira mapapu.
Kodi Zimatheka Liti?
Mtundu wa opaleshoni ya khansa yamapapo dokotala wanu akuvomereza kuti idzadalira pazifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo:
- Malo a chotupa chanu.
- Kukula kwa chotupa chanu.
- Kaya matumbo anu afalikira kapena ayi ku matenda oyandikana nawo.
- Mkhalidwe wanu wathanzi.
- Mapapu anu akugwira bwino ntchito musanachite opaleshoni.
Pneumonectomy kawirikawiri imachitidwa monga chithandizo cha kansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo , pamene njira yowonongeka, monga lobectomy , sichichotsa chotupa chonsecho.
Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati chotupacho chikulira, ngati chafalikira kupitirira lobe imodzi, kapena ngati chiri pakatikati mwa mapapo.
Chifukwa pneumonectomy imaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa mapapo onse, njirayi imakhala yosungidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mapapu okwanira omwe angathe kupirira ndi kukhala ndi mapapo okha.
Izi zikuti, anthu ambiri apita kukhala moyo wokhudzana ndi pneumonectomy.
Kukonzekera Pneumonectomy
Pokonzekera matenda anu a khansa ya khansa yamapapo, mudzayendera ndi dokotala wanu ndikuyesera mayeso angapo kuti mutsimikizire kuti ndondomekoyi ikuyenda bwino. Popeza kuti opaleshoni sizochitika kawirikawiri khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe yafalikira kupyola m'mapapo, dokotala wanu amalangiza mayesero kuti athetse kufalikira kwa (khansa) ya khansa.
Izi zikhoza kuphatikizapo fupa la fupa kuti lifufuze kufalikira kwa khansa ku fupa , kansalu ya ubongo kuti ilamulire mu ubongo metastases , ndi kanema kamimba kuti muwononge chiwindi cha metastases ndi adrenal metastases .
Mayesero adzachitidwa kuti mutsimikizire kuti mudzatha kulekerera kukhala ndi mapapu amodzi okha. Kuyeza kwapulogalamuyake kudzayesa mapapu anu abwino ndikuzindikira momwe mungaperekere mpweya wokwanira m'thupi lanu nokha. Dokotala wanu angalimbikitsenso mayesero kuti atsimikizire kuti mtima wanu ukugwira ntchito bwino popeza opaleshoni ikhoza kuwonjezera kupsinjika mtima. Mbiri yosamala, kuyeza thupi ndi ntchito ya lab idzachitidwa kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi thanzi labwino.
Dokotala wanu ataphunzira zotsatira za mayeso anu, adzakambirana mosamala za ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoni. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kubweretsa mndandanda wa mafunso ndi inu kuti mutsimikizire kuti pali zinthu zina zomwe simukuziiwala.
Ngati muli ndi mankhwala ena omwe angathe kuwonjezera magazi, monga Coumadin (warfarin).
aspirin, kapena mankhwala otsutsa-kutupa monga Advil (ibuprofen), dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kusiya izi kwa nthawi yisanachitike opaleshoni yanu. Onetsetsani kuti dokotala wanu adziwe ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse a zitsamba kapena zakudya zowonjezera zakudya, chifukwa zina mwazi zikhoza kuchepetsa magazi anu.
Ngati mumasuta, dokotala wanu adzakulimbikitsani kuti musiye mwamsanga musanachite opaleshoni yanu. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mapapo imapambana ndipo zimakhala zovuta ngati anthu amasiya kusuta kale .
Usiku usanachitike opaleshoni, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti mukhale "mwamsanga" - ndiko kuti musadye kapena kumwa chirichonse (ngakhale madzi) kwa maola oposa asanu ndi atatu.
Mmawa wa opaleshoni yanu, namwino adzakufunsani mafunso angapo ndikuyika IV (intravenous line) m'dzanja lanu. Iyenso amakugwirirani ndi oyang'anira kuti magazi anu, kuthamanga kwa mtima, ndi mpweya wa okosijeni ziziyang'aniridwa pa opaleshoni yonse. Dokotala wanu adzayendera kachiwiri kukambirana za ndondomekoyi ndikukupemphani kuti mulembe fomu yoyenera. Katswiri wa zamagetsi adzayendera kuti akambirane za anesthesia yomwe mudzapatsidwa , ndipo funsani za mavuto omwe inu kapena achibale anu mwakumana nawo ndi anesthesia m'mbuyomu. Ogwira ntchito m'chipinda cha opaleshoni adzatsogolera banja lanu kupita kumalo okudikirira, kumene opaleshoni angathe kuwasintha pazomwe mukupita ndikuyankhula nawo pamene opaleshoni yanu yachitidwa.
Pa Pneumonectomy
M'chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kuti mugone, ndipo phokoso lamapeto lidzaikidwa m'kamwa mwanu kuti mpweya uzikupuma pa nthawi ya opaleshoni.
Kutengeka kwautali kudzapangidwa kumbali yanu potsatira mzere wa nthiti zanu. Dokotalayo adzafalitsa nthiti zanu ndipo amachotsa nthiti kuti apeze mapapu anu.
Pomwe mapu anu atululidwa bwino, gulu la opaleshoni lidzagwa mapapu anu omwe ali ndi khansara. Mitsempha yayikulu ya mitsempha (mitsempha ndi mitsempha) yopita ku mapapu ako idzamangirizidwa, ndipo bronchus yomwe imatsogolera kumapapu idzamangirizidwa ndi kutsekedwa.
Pambuyo pa mapapo anu, dokotalayo adzayang'anitsitsa kuti atsimikizidwe kuti magazi onse akuyendetsedwa, ndipo adzatseketsa zomwe zikuchitika.
Danga lotsala kumene mapapu anu akhala akudzadza pang'onopang'ono kudzaza ndi madzi.
Pneumonectomy itatha
Pamene opaleshoni yanu yatha, mudzatengedwera kupita kuchipatala kumene mudzayang'anitsitsa maola angapo. Nthawi zina, mungatengedwe mwachindunji kuchipatala chachikulu (ICU). Pambuyo pochira, anthu ambiri amathera masiku angapo oyamba ku ICU. Pa tsiku loyamba, kupuma kwanu kungathandizidwe ndi mpweya wabwino.
Popeza izi zingayambitse nkhawa zina, mumapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amakuchititsani kugona mpaka chubu itachotsedwa.
Pamene mpweya wamachotsedwa ndipo simukugona pang'ono, wodwala opaleshoni amakufunsani kuti mukhombe, ndipo adzakuthandizani kugwiritsa ntchito spirometer yolimbikitsa. Ichi ndi chipangizo chimene mumapuma kuti mupitirize kugwiritsa ntchito mapapu anu, ndikuthandizani kusunga timapepala tating'ono ting'ono m'mapapo anu.
Mukatha, antchito akuthandizani kukhala, ndikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzuke ndikuyenda ndi chithandizo. Mwina simungamve ngati mukugwira ntchito, koma kuwonjezera ntchito yanu kukuthandizani kuti mubwezenso mphamvu zanu mwamsanga, ndipo mumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhazikitsa magazi . Ambiri amathera masiku osachepera 6 mpaka 10 kuchipatala atatha opaleshoni.
Anthu ena amabwerera kuntchito pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi atatu, koma dokotala wanu adzakupatsani zoletsedwa zapadera, monga kupeĊµa kulimbikitsa kulikonse. Zidzatenganso nthawi kuti mapulitsi anu atenge, ndipo mpweya wochepa ungapitirire kwa miyezi ingapo mutatha opaleshoni.
Nthawi yoitanira Dokotala Wanu
Mukamasulidwa kuchipatala, mumapatsidwa malangizo abwino okhudza kusamalira nokha panyumba komanso nthawi yotsatira ndi dokotala wanu. Pakati pa kukhazikitsa, muyenera kutchula dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kapena mafunso omwe akukukhudzani. Limbikitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mutakhala ndi malungo, muli ndi kupweteka pachifuwa chosiyana ndi zomwe mwakumana nazo, mukhale ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri, mutenge magazi kapena kufiira pafupi ndi kutengeka kwanu, kapena ngati mukulitsa ululu m'matumba anu (zotheka magazi).
Mavuto
Chifukwa pneumonectomy ndiyo njira yaikulu yachipatala, vuto la pneumonectomy silolendo. Dokotala wanu adzakambirana izi ndi inu musanachite opaleshoni yanu. Zina zomwe zingakhale zovuta zingakhalepo:
- Kufunika kwa kupuma kwa nthawi yaitali pambuyo pa opaleshoni
- Matenda, monga chibayo
- Kusuta
- Zida zamtundu wa fistula - kugwirizana pakati pa bronchus yomwe idadulidwa ndi danga pakati pa pleura
- Matenda a mtima, monga matenda a mtima kapena zovuta za mtima
- Sitiroko
- Magazi amathyoka miyendo (m'mimba mwamphamvu thrombosis) kapena amayenda kumapapu anu ( pulmonary embolism )
- Empyema - pusani pakati pa membranes (pleura) kuika mapapu
- Mavuto okhudzana ndi anesthesia
- Matenda a impso kapena kulephera kwa impso
- Matenda a Postpneumonectomy - Zizindikiro zimayambitsa ziwalo mu chifuwa chodzaza malo osasiyidwa m'mapapo
- Kupweteka kosalekeza m'kati mwanu kapena pamene nthiti zanu zidadulidwa
Kuthamangitsani
Matendawa omwe amatsatira pneumonectomy amadalira zinthu zambiri. Zina mwa izi zimaphatikizapo mapepala omwe amachotsedwa (kutsegula kwabwino kwa pneumonectomy kumanzere kusiyana ndi pneumonectomy yolondola), siteji ya khansa , chiwerewere (amai amakonda kuchita bwino kuposa amuna), mtundu wa khansara yamapapo , ndi momwe muliri wathanzi ambiri pamaso pa opaleshoni. Kupezeka kwa khansara m'mapapo sizachilendo pambuyo pa pneumonectomy, koma nthawi zina khansara yamapapu ikhoza kubwerera kumadera akutali a thupi.
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. Tsatanetsatane wa Guide: Khansa Yam'mimba - Cell Osati Small. Opaleshoni. Kusinthidwa 05/16/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-treating-surgery
Erhunmwunsee, L. ndi M. Onaitis. Kusuta fodya komanso kupaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mapapo. Malipoti Amakono a Oncology . 2009. 11 (4): 269-74.