Kudya nkhanu kapena nsomba zakhwangwala zimabwera mosayembekezereka: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Nkhuku yophika iyenera kukhala yopanda mavuto aliwonse ochokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Koma nkhanu yomwe sichiphikidwa bwino ikhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa Paragonimus.
Kodi Paragonimus N'chiyani?
Paragonimus ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe ndi otchedwa flatworm, omwe amatchedwanso fluke. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupifupi 10mm m'litali ndi 5mm m'kati mwake (ndipo mwinamwake 4mm mukutali).
Pambuyo kudyetsedwa, ikhoza kupita kumadera ena a thupi ndikuyambitsa matenda.
Matendawa angaphatikizepo kutentha thupi, kutopa, chifuwa, kupweteka m'mimba, minofu yomwe imapezeka masiku 2-15 mutatha kudya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ikhoza kuyambitsa matenda aakulu kwambiri kwinakwake m'thupi. Mankhwalawa amatha kupita ku ziwalo zina ndikuyambitsa matenda m'madera ena a thupi, makamaka m'mapapo, komanso kawirikawiri chiwindi kapena mtima.
Pambuyo popita kumapapo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kupweteketsa kapena kutulutsa magazi, monga chifuwa chachikulu . Zingakhalenso zosavuta kupita kunthaka za m'mitsempha komanso zingathe kupezeka m'mayendedwe ozungulira ubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a meningitis. Zitha kupha nthawi zambiri. Anthu oposa 20 miliyoni amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV padziko lonse lapansi.
Kodi Paragonimus ali kuti?
Ambiri amapezeka ku Asia, makamaka kumwera cha kum'mwera kwa Asia, koma amapezekanso ku Africa ndi America.
Kumwera chakum'maŵa kwa Asia, makamaka Laos, Thailand, kum'mwera kwa China, ndi Vietnam zimawona milandu yambiri padziko lapansi, koma nthawi zina amapezeka ku US. Nkhanu ingathenso kutumizidwa kuchokera kumadera owopsa.
Mitundu yosiyana ya Paragonimus imapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana. Paragonimus westermani ndilofala kwambiri ndipo imapezeka ku Asia (Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, Philippines, China, Lao, Vietnam ndi zina zotero) monga Paragonimus heterotremus ndi Paragonimus philippinensis,.
Pali Paragonimus kellicotti, Paragonimus caliensis, ndi Paragonimus mexicanus yomwe imapezeka ku America. Paragonimus africanus ndi Paragonimus uterobilateralis zawonetsedwa kumadzulo ndi pakati pa Africa.
Milandu nthawi zina zimachitika ku United States makamaka kumadzulo ndi kumwera. Izi zimachokera ku Paragonimus kellicotti. Izi zikhoza kukhala kudya kudya nsomba zokhala ndi nsomba zosazinga, monga ena achita mantha ngati atuluka mumtsinje wa rafting. Mankhwalawa amapezeka mumtsinje wa Mississippi. Milandu yapezeka makamaka ku Missouri.
Kodi Paragonimus Amadziwika Bwanji ndi Kutengedwa?
Nthawi zambiri matendawa sapezeka mofulumira chifukwa ndi osowa ndipo palibe amene amaganizira.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amalephera chifukwa cha chifuwa chachikulu. Kuyezetsa kwa chifuwa cha TB ("Acid Fast Staining" ya bubu pamatope) ankaganiza kuti awononge mazira a Paragonimus omwe amawunikira kuti azindikire tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamene odwala amayesedwa kaamba ka TB. Izi zimapezeka kuti mazira angapezeke nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe anaganizira pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a TB.
Ikhoza kupezedwa ndi kupeza mazira m'matope (kapena mu sitolo ngati mazira akugwedezeka ndi kumeza) .Zitsanzo zazingwe zingatumizedwenso ku labata la matenda.
Palinso mayesero a antibody kupyolera mu CDC (kapena ma labbs ena) omwe amatha kudziwa matenda ena a Paragonimus ndi maonekedwe.
Pali mapiritsi amene dokotala angapereke kuti athetse matendawa. Kuchiza kungakhale kochepa kwambiri. Matenda amatha zaka 20.
Mitundu Yotani Ikhoza Kukhala ndi Paragonimus?
Nsomba kapena nsomba zazinkhanira zingakhale ndi Paragonimus. Izi zimaphatikizapo nkhanu ndi nsomba za kansomba zomwe zasindikizidwa kuti "kuphika" (koma osati kuphika) nkhanu, monga vinyo wosasa, vinyo, kapena brine. Zokonzekera izi, popanda kuphika nkhanu ndi kutentha, sikokwanira kusiya izi.
Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati mankhwalawa atapangidwa ndi nkhanu yosaphika . Zingathenso kuchokera ku "nkhanu yoledzera", mbale yokonzedwa ndi vinyo komanso yopanda kuphika.
Zingathenso kuchokera ku madzi atsopano a nkhanu. Sushi, komabe, kawirikawiri imakonzedwa ndi nyerere yonyenga kapena ndi nsabwe yophika ndipo sizingatheke kuti ikhale ndi nkhanu yeniyeni yeniyeni.
Nthawi zina nkhanu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochipatala sizophika komanso zimatha kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, madzi atsopano a nkhanu ankaganiziridwa kuti ndi abwino kwa chikuku, koma akhoza kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'malo moletsa chimanga.
Ena adya nkhanu kapena nsomba zazinkhanira monga mantha ndipo adwala pambuyo pake.
Momwe Mungapewere Kakhala Yotetezeka
A FDA amalangiza nkhanu yophika kapena nsomba zazikuluzikulu ku 145 madigiri Fahrenheit (kapena digrii 63 degrees). Izi zikutanthauza kuti kutentha kwa mkati mwa nkhanu / nsomba zazingwezi ziyenera kufika 145 F (63 C). Nyama iyenera kukhala yosavuta komanso "yamtengo wapatali".
Nthawi zina zakudya zimakhala zowonongeka kuti zisawonongeke. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti kuthamanga, monga Paragonimus, ndi kovuta kwambiri kuposa kuzizira zina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kudya nkhanu yomwe inali yozizira koma yosaphika sikungakhale yotetezeka monga momwe zingakhalire ndi zakudya zina zomwe zingathe kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kodi Paragonimus Amapezeka Kokha Ndi Nkhanufe?
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingathe kupeza zinyama zina; Ambiri mwa iwo samadyedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo tigulu, ingwe, mongooses, opossums, nyani, amphaka, ndi agalu. Akhozanso kupezeka m'mabotchi. Ngati mukudya nyama ina iliyonse yomwe ingakhudzidwe, ngati nkhumba ndi nkhumba, ndi bwino kuphika nyama iyi. Koma nthawi zonse ndizo malangizo abwino .
Kodi Chitetezo Chogonjera
Tizilonda toyambitsa matenda sizingafalikire kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi. Ngati wina akudwala, mungadwale ngati mutakhala kudya zakudya zowonongeka.
Kodi Amafalitsa Bwanji?
Mankhwala akuluakulu amakhala m'mapapo mwa anthu kapena nyama zina. Amayika mazira omwe amatsitsidwa ndi kutuluka kapena kumeza ndi kufalikira m'mabedi. Mazirawa amatha kufika kumadzi amtunda kumene amatha kukhala mkati mwa nkhono zosiyana siyana, kupita patsogolo, ndiyeno nkufalikira ku nkhanu (kapena mabokosi ofanana). Kudya nkhanuzi, ndiye kufalitsa matendawa kwa anthu (kapena mabungwe ena)