Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Sternocleidomastoid ndi malo omwe ali ndi phokoso lofunika kwambiri potsitsa mutu ndi kutembenuza khosi, komanso zinthu zina. Nthawi zambiri minofuyi ndi yophweka kwambiri. Poonekera, amawonekera ngati mawonekedwe ozungulira, omwe amawonekera pamapeto ndipo amathamanga kuchokera kumbuyo kwa khutu mpaka kwa collarbone ndi m'mawere.
Kwafupipafupi, minofu ya sternocleidomastiod nthawi zambiri imatchedwa minofu ya SCM, kapena SCM.
SCM amapanga mbali ya minofu yotchedwa anteriolateral neck flexors. (Minofu ina mu gulu la anteriolateral neck flexor gulu ndi scalenes, lomwe lili kwambiri pamutu kusiyana ndi SCM.) Monga minofu ya synergist ku SCM, scalenes imathandizira kupotoza ndi kutembenuzira mutu ndi khosi.
Chiyambi ndi Kuyika
Mfundo zowonjezera minofu ya SCM, (yomwe imadziwika kuti imachokera ndi kuika) ndi yosavuta kutsatira, mosiyana, mwachitsanzo, ya mitsempha ya latissimus dorsi. (The latissimus dorsi , yomwe imadziwikanso kuti katsitsi kochepa, ndi mitsempha yambiri yomwe imamangiriza kumagulu ambiri omwe ali mu thunthu ndi mkono.) Mosiyana, ku makoswe, SCM imangogwirizana ndi mafupa, mafupa 4 okha, pa izo.
Chinthu chimodzi chaching'ono chosavuta kuyanjana ndi cholembera cha SCM ndi chakuti pamene mimba ya minofu ikuyamba pafupi ndi collarbone ndi mfupa, imakhala "mitu" iwiri, motero imakhala ndi malo awiri omwe amachokera m'malo mwambiri omwe minofu imapanga .
Kotero kuchokera kuti, ndendende, minofu ya SCM imachokera kuti? Mutu umodzi wa SCM umagwirizanitsa kutsogolo (kutanthauza, kumtunda) pamwamba pa manubrium. (Manubrium ndi gawo lapamwamba pa bere). Mutu wina umagwira pamwamba (wotchedwa wapamwamba kwambiri) wa collarbone , pafupi pakati pa thupi.
Pamwamba pa izo, SCM imayika pa ndondomeko ya mastoid, yomwe ndi kuwonetsa pang'ono kwa fupa lochokera ku fupa la panthawi. Monga momwe dzina limasonyezera, fupa laling'ono ndilo gawo la chigaza (chimodzi kumbali iliyonse) lomwe limapanga akachisi. Ndondomeko ya mastoid ili pansi pa fupa la msana, kumbuyo kwa khutu lanu. Mukhoza kuzindikira ndondomeko ya mastoid pogwira dera lanu kumbuyo kwa khutu lanu. Ndiye, ngati muyesa zala zanu pang'onopang'ono mumatha kumva minofu yofewa yomwe ili minofu ya SCM. Mitundu ina ya SCM imaphatikizanso pansi pa fupa la occipital, lomwe lili pafupi ndi ndondomeko ya mastoid, kutali ndi makutu.
Zomwe Masusi a Sternocleidomastoid Akukuchitikirani
Mbali ina, ma khosi amtundu wotchedwa sterocleiomastoid amasiyana malingana ndi momwe minofu ya SCM imodzi kapena yonse ikugwirira ntchito.
Pamene minofu imodzi ya SCM imagwirizanitsa, imapangitsa mutu wanu kumbali imodzi (yomwe imatchedwa mbali yoyamba) imene minofu ilipo. Mwachitsanzo, SCM kumbali ya kumbuyo kwa khosi lanu imapangitsa mutu wanu kumanja kwanu.
SCM imatembenuzidwanso (imatembenuza) mutu wanu kumbali ina (yotchedwa mbali yotsutsana). Mwachitsanzo, pamene mutembenuka kapena mutembenukira kumanja, SCM yanu yotsala ikugwirizanitsa.
Mu mkhalidwe uno, SCM imatembenuziranso nkhope kumtunda pang'ono (wotchedwa khosi kufalikira).
Pamene mgwirizano wa minofu wa SCM (wotchedwa kugwirizanitsa mgwirizano umodzi, mbali ziwiri zogwirizanitsa mbali ziwiri) zotsatira zake ndi kusuntha kwa khosi komwe kumachitika pa mgwirizano wanu woyamba. Mgwirizano woyamba wa intervertebral ndi mgwirizano wapamwamba wam'mimba; Ndi malo pomwe mutu wako ukukhala pakhosi pako. Kusuntha uku kukubweretsanso mutu kumbuyo.
Koma mitsempha ya minofu yonse ya SCM imasinthasintha khosi lako, lomwe limabweretsa chifuwa chako kutsogolo kwa chifuwa chako. Ndipo mitsempha ya m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya SCM imatulutsa chingwe patsogolo-malinga ngati mutasunga mutu wanu, ndiko.
Pamene mgwirizano wa maselo onse a SCM nthawi imodzi, umathandizanso kupuma, nayenso. Ngati khosi lanu limagwiritsidwa ntchito, kugwedeza kwa mitundu yonse ya minofu ya SCM kumabweretsa kukwera kwa manubrium komanso mapeto a mapiritsi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri pakati pa thupi.
SCM imathandizira torticollis, mkhalidwe umene mutu umapitilira kumbali imodzi. Ndi torticollis, komanso kutsogolo kwa mutu, SCM ikhoza kukhala mufupikitsa nthawi zonse.
SCM monga Chiwonetsero cha Anatomical
Minofu ya SCM ndi yokondweretsa kwa anatomists chifukwa malo apadera omwe ali nawo m'khosi amachititsa kuti chikhale chofunikira kumvetsetsa maonekedwe a mitsempha ya pachibelekero. SCM imagwirizanitsa mitsempha ya m'khosi mkati (kutsogolo) ndi katatu (kumbuyo) katatu kumbali zonse, kupangitsa kuti khola lachiberekero likhale losavuta kuphunzira.
Choyamba, pali katatu kakang'ono. Mbali yoyang'ana kutsogolo, kapena kutsogolo kwa SCM imatengedwa ngati malire olowera (mbali) kumbali yapansi ya khosi. Kachitatu kamene kali pamtunda pamwamba pake ndi nsagwada, pansi ndi sternum fupa (fupa la m'mafupa) ndipo pambali ndi lingaliro lakumwamba, kapena mzere wa mphamvu yokoka, yomwe imagawaniza thupi kukhala laling'ono ndi laling'ono. Kachisi kakang'ono kamene kali ndi zina zingapo zing'onozing'ono, komanso.
Gawo lapambali la katatu la pambuyo (kumbuyo) limadalira mbali yotsatila kapena yobwerera kumbuyo kwa SCM. Pamwamba, katatu kakang'ono kamene kali ndi katatu kakang'ono kamene kali ndi katatu kakang'ono kamene kali ndi malo kapena malo omwe SCM ndi matumbo a trapezius amakumana pansi pa fupa la occipital (fupa lakumbuyo). Pansi pa katatu kakang'ono kazeng'onoting'ono kameneka ndi katatu pakati pa mafupa ako.
Zotsatira:
Kapandji, IA, "The Physiology of the Joints". Chigawo Chachisanu. Churchill Livingstone. Magazini ya Chingelezi 1987. New York.
Kendall, Florence Peterson, McCreary, Elizabeth Kendall, ndi Provance, Patricia Geise. Misampha Kuyesedwa ndi Kugwira Ntchito ndi Kutuluka ndi Kupweteka. 3rd. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams & Wilkins, 1983
Moore, Keith, L., Dalley, Arthur, F. Anatomy Ori Clinic. Kusindikizidwa kwachisanu. 2006 Lippincott, Williams ndi Wilkins.