Kuphunzira Kumatsimikizira Zoona Zenizeni-Kuwona Kwenikweni kwa Kuvomerezedwa kwa HIV Kuvomerezeka
Pamene dziko la United States likulingalira kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV chidziwitsidwe msanga , chidziwitso chachikulu chaikidwa pakuonetsetsa kuti chiwerengero cha HIV chikuchitika molondola, osati kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zowononga zowononga kachilombo ka HIV komanso zabodza. kuti mudziwe bwino anthu pamayambiriro (pachimake) a matenda pamene chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV chikukwera kwambiri.
Pofuna kufotokoza izi, ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya California, ku San Francisco anayambiranso kuyeza mayeso oposa 21,000 omwe anapatsidwa pakati pa zaka za 2003 ndi 2008 m'madera ena omwe anthu ambiri akupezeka mumzindawu. Mwa mitundu iwiri ya mayesero omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaĊµiyi-kuchokera ku mayesero oyamba a anti-antibody mpaka posachedwapa ali ndi zilolezo, mofulumira-pamtundu wa anthu 761 anapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV (3.6% kuchulukitsa), pamene 58 anadziwika pa matenda oopsa.
Phunziroli linalinso kuyerekezera kulondola kwa mayesero atsopano oyesera-kuphatikizapo mayesero a antigen / antibody omwe akupanga 4th generation - pobwezera magazi kuchokera kwa anthu 58 omwe kale anapezeka ndi matenda oopsa.
Kulondola kunayesedwa ponena za kuzindikira (chiwerengero cha zotsatira za mayesero chomwe chili chotsimikizika) ndi zinazake (chiwerengero cha zotsatira za mayeso zomwe sizitsutsa).
| Mtundu Woyesedwa | Mtundu | Kutengeka kuchokera ku mayesero 21,234 | Zodziwika kuchokera ku mayesero 21,234 | Kutengeka kwa matenda oopsa kuchokera ku mayeso 58 |
| Mbadwo woyamba wa antibody (magazi) | Virelostika HIV-1 Microelisa | 92.3% | 100% | 0% |
| Chiyeso chachitatu cha antibody (magazi) | Genetic Systems HIV-1/2 | 96.2% | 100% | 34.5% |
| Kuyezetsa magazi kwachilombo kachitatu (magazi) | OraQuick Advance | 91.9% | 100% | 5.2% |
| Kuyezetsa kwachilombo kachitatu koyambitsa matenda (saliva) | OraQuick Advance | 86.6% | 99.9% | - |
| Kuyezetsa magazi kwachilombo kachitatu (magazi) | Uni-gold Recombigen | - | - | 25.9% |
| Kuyezetsa magazi kwachilombo kachitatu (magazi) | Multispot HIV 1/2 | - | - | 19.0% |
| Kuyezetsa magazi kwachilombo kachitatu (magazi) | Clearview Stat Pak | - | - | 5.2% |
| 4th generation mofulumira antigen / anti-test test, (magazi) | Tsimikizani HIV 1/2 Ag / Ab Combo | - | - | 54.4% |
| Mbadwo wa 4 ma laboratory omwe amagwiritsa ntchito antigen / antibody test (lab) | KUCHITA HIV / Ag Combo | - | - | 87.3% |
Kodi Zonsezi Zikutiuza Chiyani?
Choyamba, kuchokera pa mfundo yeniyeni, chiwerengerochi chinatsimikizira kuti chiwonongeko cha chinyengo chakhalabe chochepa kwambiri, ngakhale ndi mayesero a mbadwo wakale.
Mwa mgwirizano, mlingo wa zotsutsana ndizosiyana kwambiri, ndi oraQuick Advance test saliva test yomwe ikupweteka kwambiri, ndipo oposa 15 pa odwala ali ndi zotsatira zolakwika.
Chiwerengerochi chinaipiraipira pamene akubwezera magazi kuchokera ku matenda opatsirana. Pa zitsanzo makumi asanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (58) zomwe zayesedwa, mayesero ofulumira achitatu omwe adayesedwa amatha kukhala okhudzidwa ndi 5.2% mpaka 25,9%, kutanthauza kuti ambiri mwa matendawa sakusowa pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ofulumira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi antibody.
Ngakhale m'badwo wachinayi Kuzindikira kuti mofulumira antigen / anti-antibody test inatha kuzindikira theka la ma ARV, ngakhale kuti ndi 96.6% ndi 100%. Malinga ndi ochita kafukufuku a UCSF, Determine ankagwira bwino ntchito pa matenda oopsa pamene wodwalayo anali ndi mavitamini oposa 500,000 / mL.
N'zosadabwitsa kuti ARCHITECT yogwiritsira ntchito ma laboratory antigen / antibody t e st inachita bwino kwambiri. Poyerekeza kuti pakati pa 99.1% ndi zina mwa 100%, mayeserowa adatha kuzindikira pafupifupi 90% za matenda opatsirana.
Kodi Zimenezi Zikutanthauza Chiyani kwa Ine?
Potsata kusankha ndi ntchito, ziganizo zotsatirazi zingakokedwe bwino:
- Zochita zamalonda, zowononga kachilombo ka HIV zimachita bwino kwambiri, osati pokhapokha podziwa matenda oopsa koma kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa 7% .
- Kuyanjana kwa HIV HIV / antigen / antibody kumayesayesa ndikulondola kwambiri kuposa njira zowononga zowononga anthu, makamaka pa nthawi yovuta ya matenda.
- Mayesero opangidwa ndi ma labata amalepheretsanso kuyesayesa kwa HIV, makamaka makamaka pakadutsa kachilombo ka HIV.
Pomwe zikunenedwa, mndandanda wakumvetsetsa ndi mbali chabe ya zifukwa zina zomwe zimayesedwa ndi ena.
Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri amalephera kubwerera chifukwa cha HIV atayesedwa. Chifukwa chake, kuthekera kubwereza zotsatira pamapeto pa mphindi 20-30, yesetsani kuyesa mwamsanga, makamaka ngati kulola kuti makanesi azigwirizanitsa munthu mwamsanga kuti asamalire.
Mofananamo, anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa kapena kachilombo ka HIV angathe kutengedwera bwino poyesa kuyesa mwamsanga kunyumba ( chithunzi ).
Ngakhale pali deta yochepa yofufuza nambala yeniyeni ya anthu okhudzidwa ndi chisamaliro mutalandira chitsimikizo chabwino, chokhala pakhomo, zikuganiza kuti mayesero amenewa amapereka malo olowera kwa anthu ambiri amene angapewe malo oyezetsa kapena zochitika zachipatala.
Chitsime:
Mphindi, D .; Louie, B; Facente, S .; et al. "Kuchita kwa Rapid Point-of-Care ndi Zoyesera za Laboratory kuti zikhale zovuta komanso zowononga kachilombo ka HIV ku San Francisco." PLOS | Mmodzi. December 12, 2013; DOI: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0080629.
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "Pakhomo Loyamba Loyamba-Gwiritsani Ntchito kachilombo ka HIV kamvomerezedwa kuti mudziyese." Mauthenga a zaumoyo a EDA Ogula. Silver Spring, Maryland; July 2012; chikalata: UCM311690.