Kuzindikiritsa Zizindikiro Kumatetezera Kusamalitsa msanga ndi Chithandizo
Kumayambiriro kwa matenda, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono kapena zosavuta. Izi, mwina, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe 20 peresenti ya Achimereka 1.2 miliyoni omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV sapezeka. Iwo sakudziwa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka kapena amangochita kokha pamene zizindikiro zakunja zimayamba kuonekera.
Komabe, pafupifupi 40 peresenti yamatenda, zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine zidzakula masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu ndi awiri.
Matendawa amatchulidwa kuti matenda oopsa a retroviral, kapena ARS (omwe amadziwika kuti ndi matenda oopsa a seroconversion kapena matenda a seroconversion).
ARS nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, kuyambira zofatsa mpaka zovuta:
- malungo
- kutopa
- mutu
- pharyngitis (pakhosi)
- myalgia (misosis aches ndi ululu)
- arthralgia (kupweteka pamodzi)
- Lymphadenopathy (kutupa mitsempha yam'mimba)
Nthaŵi zina, zizindikirozi zidzatsagana ndi chiphuphu (chomwe chimatchedwa kuthamanga kwa kachilombo ka HIV ) komwe kamakhala ndi makoswe ofiira omwe amasanduka mabala akuluakulu, makamaka pamtunda wa thupi. Komanso, anthu 30 mwa anthu 100 aliwonse adzapeza khunyu kanthaŵi kochepa, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kusanza.
Zambiri mwa zizindikirozi zimachokera ku momwe thupi limayankhira kwa HIV pamene likufalikira mofulumira kuchokera ku tsamba la matenda kupita ku minofu, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka.
ARS ikhoza kupitirira kwa miyezi mpaka nthawi yomwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimayambira kuteteza kachilomboka ndikupita ku zomwe timazitcha kuti malo osapitirira.
Ngakhale kuti kachirombo ka HIV kakadakali kachilombo ka HIV, kadzachitika pang'onopang'ono mpaka kachilombo ka HIV kamakhala koyambitsidwa ndipo kachilombo ka HIV kamakhazikitsidwa .
Kutsimikizira kachilombo ka HIV
ARS ikhoza kuphonyedwa ngakhale ndi dokotala chifukwa zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati chimfine pamsonkhano wawo.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa momwe kachirombo ka HIV kakufalikira ; kuzindikira zizindikiro zoopsa za kachilombo ka HIV, ndi kupeza kachilombo ka HIV ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi kachirombo ka HIV.
Popeza kuti kachilombo ka HIV kawirikawiri kawirikawiri kamakhala ndi zotsatira zolakwika kapena zopanda malire panthawi yoyamba, kachilombo ka HIV kamagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zizindikiro zikusonyeza kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV . Zikatero, ngati munthuyo ali ndi zotsatira zoipa kapena zowonjezereka zowonjezereka koma vuto lalikulu la mavairasi (makope oposa 100,000 / mL), iye angatengere kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Chithandizo chiyenera kuyamba pomwepo, pamene mayesero otsogolera angachitike patsiku lomaliza kuti atsimikizire zotsatira.
Mankhwala atsopano ogwiritsidwa ntchito atsopano / antigen mayesero amatsimikiziranso kwambiri kuti atsimikizirani sterostat pa nthawi ya ARS, ndi mayesero ena omwe amasonyeza bwino kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha izi, bungwe la US Preventive Services Task Force linapereka malingaliro atsopano mu May 2013 kuyitanitsa kuyesa kwa anthu onse a ku America a zaka 15 mpaka 65 ngati gawo lachizoloŵezi chachidwi. Ena ali pachiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV / 8218 # kuphatikizapo amuna ogonana omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM) - ayenera kuyesedwa chaka chilichonse.
Ubwino Wokudziwika Kwambiri
Kuzindikira zizindikiro za ARS n'kofunika chifukwa kumapatsa munthu mwayi wozindikira msanga.
Izi sizikuthandizira kutsimikizira kuti kachilombo ka HIV sikufalitsidwa kwa ena koma amapereka phindu pa njira yoyamalirako.
Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti kuyamba koyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kumagwirizana ndi kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi Edzi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuchepetsa kuchiza mpaka madontho a CD4 a munthu pansi pa maselo 350 / mL akukhudzana ndi zochitika zosavuta zokha, koma zochepa-komanso zochepa - kuchepa kwa zaka za moyo .
Potsirizira pake, mankhwala oyambirira amachititsa kuti maselo a CD4 athake kumbali ya chitetezo cha mthupi. Ikhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotengera kachilombo kwa ena mwa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa kachilombo ka HIV, njira yomwe imatchedwa kuti Chithandizo monga Chitetezo .
Panopa tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kachilombo ka HIV kadzayambike panthawi ya matenda , zomwe zimadziwika kuti kuchepetsa matenda ndi imfa ndi 57 peresenti.
Zotsatira:
Cohen, M .; Gay, C .; Kuthamanga, P .; ndi Hecht, F. "Kuzindikira kwa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HIV." Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2010; 202 (Supplement2): S270-S277.
> Heinrich, T. ndi Gandhi, R. "Kuchiza koyambirira ndi malo osungirako kachilombo ka HIV: Kuphwanyidwa Panthawi?" Journal of Infectious Diseases. July 2013; do: 10.1093 / infdis / jit307.
Hogg, R .; Althoff, K .; Samji, H ;; et al. "Kuwonjezeka kwa chiyembekezo cha moyo pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ku United States ndi Canada, 2000-2007." 7th International AIDS Society (IAS) Msonkhano wa Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. June 30-July 3, 2013; Mfundo TUPE260.
> KUYAMBA KUYAMBIRA Gulu Lophunzira. "Kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ku Antiymmetomatic HIV Infection." New England Journal of Medicine. July 20, 2015; DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.
Moyer, V. "Kuwonetsa HIV: US Statement Prevention Services Task Force Recommendation." April 30, 2013. Annals wa Internal Medicine. April 30, 2013; lembani: 10.7326 / 0003-4819-159-1-201307020-00645.