Zilonda za parathyroid ndizozing'ono zazing'ono, za kukula kwa nyemba yaying'ono, yomwe ili pafupi ndi chithokomiro m'khosi. Zilondazi zimathandiza kwambiri pakupanga calcium mu thupi. Ngakhale matenda angakhudze vutoli, khansara sichitha.
Ngakhale mtundu wa parathyroid ndi chithokomiro zimagwiritsa ntchito mayina ofanana ndipo zimakhala zogwirizana, sizidalira wina ndi mnzake kuti agwire ntchito.
Ntchito
Matenda a parathyroid ndiwo amachititsa kuti calcium isinthe, chinthu chofunikira m'thupi lathu chifukwa cha mitsempha ndi minofu. Calcium imayang'aniridwa ndi hormone yotchedwa hormone ya parathyroid, kapena PTH.
Pamene ma calcium ali m'magazi amakhala otsika, PTH imachititsa kuti kashiamu ikamasulidwe ku fupa. Zimathandizanso kuti kashiamu isabwererenso mu impso zomwe zimatanthauza kuchepa kwa kashiamu. Kuonjezera apo, PTH imatembenuza mavitamini D osayenerera ku vitamini D. mawonekedwe a vitamini Dwa omwe amachititsa kuti calcium iyambe kulowa mumatumbo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti calcium iyambe magazi.
Pamene ma calcium ali pamwamba kwambiri m'magazi, mapira a parathyroid amachepetsa PTH kupanga. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kashiamu asagwiritsidwe ndi mafupa ndipo amalola kuti calcium yambiri ikhale yotsekedwa mu mkodzo.
Hyperparathyroidism
Monga ziwalo zina ndi glands m'thupi, parathyroid ali pachiopsezo cha matenda.
Matenda amodzi omwe amachititsa matenda a parathyroid ndi oyamba hyperparathyroidism, omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso amachititsa kuti hormone ya PTH iwonjezeke kwambiri. Mankhwala oyambirira a hyperparathyroidism amapezeka kawirikawiri chifukwa chokhala ndi khansa (osati khansa) m'modzi mwa glands la parathyroid kapena kupitirira kwa gland, wotchedwa parathyroid hyperplasia.
Kawirikawiri, khansara ya mtundu wa parathyroid ndiyo chifukwa.
Hyperparathyroidism yachiwiri ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vitamini D. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kuchepa kwa vitamini D kumapangitsa kuti phokoso la calcium likhale m'thupi, zomwe zimachititsa kuti mtundu wa parathyroid uchotse PTH. Matenda a impso angayambitsenso hyperparathyroidism chifukwa mavitamini D omwe sagwiritsidwe ntchito samasinthidwa kukhala vitamini D.
Ena khansa, monga khansara yamapapu , amatha kutulutsa mahomoni omwe amamuthana ndi kumatsanzira hormone ya parathyroid, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za hyperparathyroidism ngati minofu, kutopa, kupweteka, ndi kudzimbidwa.
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism, momwe zilonda za parathyroid sizigwira ntchito bwino, zingathenso kuchitika - ngakhale izi sizikhala zachilendo, popeza anthu ambiri ali ndi zilonda za parathyroid, kotero kawirikawiri amatha kubwerera. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha hypoparathyroidism ndi kuwonongeka kwa glands pamene opaleshoni ya khosi, monga pa opaleshoni ya chithokomiro.
Zina mwazifukwa zosawerengeka zimaphatikizapo matenda opatsirana amtundu wa khanda, matenda odzimadzimadzi, matenda a chiwindi otchedwa Wilson's, kupweteka kwachitsulo , kapena khansara yomwe imafalikira kapena imayambitsa matendawa.
Kodi Izi Zikutanthauza Chiyani Kwa Inu?
Ngati dokotala akukudandaula kuti muli ndi vuto ndi galasi yanu ya parathyroid kapena calcium, mudzatumizidwa kwa katswiri wamagetsi.
Uthenga wabwino ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana, monga chachikulu hyperparathyroidism, amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino.
Zotsatira:
Mitsulo, SE. Histology for Pathologists, Third Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
Nussey S. Endocrinology: Njira Yogwirizana. Mutu 5: Glands ndi mavitamini D. a parathyroid.