Kodi Kudandauliridwa Kungoyesedwa N'kokwanira?
Imfa yosayembekezereka mwa wothamanga wachinyamata, ngakhale yosakhala, nthawi zonse imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Zomwe zimakhudza banja ndi okondedwa zimakhala zowawa. Ngakhale iwo amene amadziwa yekha wovutitsidwayo pena paliponse, kapena amene akumva za vutoli pa nkhani, nthawi zambiri amamva ngati atakhudzidwa. Kungoganiza za mnyamata wachikulire kunagwa mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chomveka, tonsefe timatilakwira mopanda chilungamo.
Kodi palibe chinachake chimene wina angachite kuti ateteze izi?
Kodi Chimayambitsa Imfa Yodzidzimutsa Bwanji Achinyamata Achinyamata?
Othamanga ambiri omwe amafa mwadzidzidzi pa nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhala ndi matenda a mtima amtundu umodzi kapena wina omwe sanawonepo kale. Matenda angapo a mtima amatha kuwonetsedwa kwa achinyamata omwe amaoneka kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino, ndipo, mwatsoka, chizindikiro choyamba cha vuto chingakhale mwadzidzidzi, chiwombankhonya cha mtima wamtima (kawirikawiri, chiwopsezo cha ventricular ). Matenda a mtima omwe amachitika ndi imfa mwadzidzidzi m'mathamanga achinyamata amatengera hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , Marfan syndrome , ndi matenda oopsa omwe amachititsa mitsempha yotchedwa coronary arteries -koma pali ena ambiri.
Kodi Othamanga Angathe Kuzindikiritsidwa Patapita Nthawi?
Matenda ambiri a mtima omwe amachititsa imfa mwadzidzidzi achinyamata angapezeke ngati kuyesedwa mosamala kumachitika. Chombo cha electrocardiogram (ECG) kuphatikizapo echocardiogram -ngakhale ECG yokha-nthawi zambiri chimapereka zidziwitso zofunika za achinyamata omwe ali pachiopsezo kuti mayeso ena athe kuchitidwa.
Anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka kuti aphedwe mwadzidzidzi amatha kuchiritsidwa chifukwa cha vuto lawo, kapena akuuzidwa kuti asamachite khama, mwina kupulumutsa miyoyo yawo.
Choncho ndizomveka kwa anthu ambiri kuti athandizi onse achinyamata ayenera kufufuzidwa ndi mavuto a mtima asanaloledwe kutenga nawo masewera.
Ngati muli ndi wothamanga wachinyamata m'banja mwako, mwinamwake mwazindikira kuti palibe kuyerekezera kotereku, kapena kuti kulimbikitsidwa. Kuwona kuti kuyang'ana kwa mtima sikuchitika kawirikawiri kwa othamanga achinyamata, makamaka ku US, sikuti akuyang'anira-ndi zotsatira za kulingalira mosamala ndi akatswiri a mtima.
Kukumba pang'ono mu deta kuseri kwa chisankho chosachita kafukufuku wambiri kungathandize kuthetsa chisankho ichi.
Malingaliro Otsogolera Maofesi Owonekera Masiku Ano
Funso lakuti achinyamata onse othamanga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa matenda a mtima sizingakhale zophweka. Zifukwa zingapo zimapangitsa kuti zovuta zowonongeka zikhale zovuta, zodula, mwinanso zoopsa.
Choyamba, pali matenda ambiri a mtima omwe angawononge chiopsezo cha imfa mwadzidzidzi kwa achinyamata, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi njira zosiyana ndipo amafuna njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera kuti adziwe. Sikuti matenda onse a mtimawa adziwoneka ndi mayeso ochepa osayang'ana.
Ndiye pali chiwerengero chakuti achinyamata ambiri amachita nawo maseŵera, ndipo motero chiwerengero chachikulu chiyenera kufufuzidwa-mwina pakati pa 4 ndi 5 miliyoni achinyamata chaka chilichonse ku United States kokha. Pa chiwerengero chachikuluchi, kagawo kakang'ono kokha (pafupifupi 3 pa 1000) ali ndi matenda oopsa a mtima omwe amachititsa ngozi.
Nthawi iliyonse kuyezetsa kuchipatala kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri, padzakhalanso zotsatira zochuluka zowonetsera zowonetsera (momwe mayesero amasonyeza kuti matendawa akhoza kukhalapo pamene sali) kusiyana ndi zotsatira zabwino. Mayesero onse onyengawa angapangitse kuti mayesero ambiri athe kuchitidwa kuti afike pansi pa vutoli (ngakhale, nthawi zambiri, palibe). Mayesero otsatirawa nthawi zina angaphatikizepo kuyesedwa kosayenerera, monga kuwonetsa mtima , osati kungowonjezera mavuto omwe ali nawo kwa wothamanga wamng'ono koma kumapangitsanso ndalama zowonongeka kwa anthu.
Chifukwa cha izi, mabungwe azachenjede ayesa kukhazikitsa ndondomeko zowunikira achinyamata othamanga omwe angakhale ogwira mtima pozindikira zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zomwe sizingapangitse kuchuluka kwa mayesero osamalidwa osayenera. Kodi masewero olimbitsa thupiwa akusowa othamanga achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa a mtima? Mwamwayi, inde, ndipo awa ndi othamanga achinyamata omwe timamva nawo m'nkhani nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kodi Malingaliro Atsopano Ndi Chiyani?
The American Heart Association (AHA) imalimbikitsa kuti oseŵera onse a sekondale ndi a koleji azikhala ndi mbiri yachipatala yowunikira ndi kuunika kwa thupi. Mbiri ya zamankhwala iyenera kuwonetsa mwachindunji zizindikiro izi:
- kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusokonezeka nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi
- magawo a syncope (kutaya chidziwitso)
- dyspnea (kupuma pang'ono) ndi kuyesayesa
- mbiri ya mtima kudandaula kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi
Dokotala ayenera kufunsa mosamala za mbiri ya banja (popeza zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa imfa mwadzidzidzi ndizobadwa), komanso ayenera kuyang'ana msanga (asanakwanitse zaka 50) imfa kapena kulemala kwa matenda a mtima m'mabanja apamtima, komanso ngati pali banja mbiri ya matenda ovuta kwambiri a mtima wa majini monga hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, matenda a QT, matenda aakulu a mtima, kapena marfan syndrome.
Kuwunika kwa thupi kuyenera kuika pamtima kuunika kwa mtima, kupima mapulitsi, kufufuza zamkati, ndi kufunafuna zizindikiro za Marfan syndrome.
AHA mwachindunji sikuti amalimbikitsa ECG, zojambula zithunzi, kapena mayesero . Mayeserowa amasungidwa kwa achinyamata omwe akudandaula ndi vuto la mtima pambuyo pochita mbiri ya zamankhwala ndi kuunika kwa thupi.
Kodi Izi N'kwanira?
Ngakhale akatswiri a AHA amakhulupirira kuti pulogalamu yoyang'ana yomwe yatchulidwa ndi yokwanira, akatswiri a ku Ulaya sagwirizana. Ku Ulaya, ECG imalimbikitsidwanso ngati kuyesedwa kachitidwe kawunikira kwa oseŵera oseŵerengeka.
Pali umboni wochepa wosonyeza kuti kuyang'anitsitsa kwa ECG kumapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu. Komabe, kafukufuku woyang'ana zotsatira za kuyang'aniridwa anachitidwa ku Italy, kumene kuyang'anitsitsa kwa maseŵera omwe ali ndi ECG kunayamba mu 1984. Pakati pa zaka za 1979 ndi 2004, kuchitika kwa pachaka kwa imfa mwadzidzidzi kwa othamanga kunachepa kuchoka ku 3.6 pa zaka 100,000 0.4 pa zaka 100,000 za munthu. Kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuti kuyang'anitsitsa kwa ECG kuli kovuta, koma kuti zotsatira zowonongeka kwa ECG pa anthu onse ndizochepa.
Komabe, ngakhale ngakhale moyo wa wothamanga wina ungapulumutsidwe, kodi kusayesa sikungakhale koyenera?
Chabwino, kukhala wosasamala, zimadalira amene akulipira kufufuza. Ngati tikuyembekeza "anthu" kutenga ndalama (ngakhale, ndalama zonse za inshuwalansi za msonkho kapena msonkho), mtengo wowerengera (pamodzi ndi mayesero omwe amatsatira) udzawoneka wosayenera. Zomwe zimachitika kwa anthu omwe amalemba malangizo a AHA, omwe ali ndi antchito inshuwalansi ndi akuluakulu a boma akufufuza mosamala ntchito yawo.
Taganizirani izi: Palibe amene amatsutsa ngati zowona utsi zimapulumutsa miyoyo. Iwo amachita. Koma ngati gulu la akatswiri a boma liyenera kusankha ngati ndalama za msonkho ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugula munthu aliyense akusuta zizindikiro, angachedwe kuganiza kuti, phindu lalikulu kwa anthu a madola mamiliyoni khumi patsikulo likupulumutsidwa, kusuta fodya ndizoletsedwa. Mwamwayi, sitigwirizanitsa kugula kwazitundu za utsi. Kwa ife, miyoyo yomwe ingapulumutsidwe ndi yathu komanso okondedwa athu, ndipo mtengo wawo kwa anthu omwe angapulumutsidwe ndi $ 19.95 okha. Zikuwoneka ngati zabwino.
Ngati anthu amalipiritsa okha ma ECG awo owonetsera m'malo modalira anthu kuti azichita zimenezi, mayankho omwe akuyendera achinyamata othamanga angakhale osiyana kwambiri.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Imfa yosayembekezereka mwa othamanga achinyamata ndi yosayembekezereka kwambiri, ndipo kafukufuku wophweka omwe AHA angayankhe idzagwira ambiri-koma osati achinyamata onse omwe ali pangozi. Choncho, ndondomeko za AHA, zomwe zimatenga zochitika zosayembekezereka ndikuzipangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta, zimakhala zomveka.
Komabe, monga kholo, simungakhale wosangalala kudumpha njira zowonongeka zowonongeka. Ngati mumaganizira kwambiri za mwana wanu, kambiranani ndi dokotala wa mwana wanu nkhawa zanu. Kuyesedwa kwakukulu, ngati mukufuna, ndiko kulondola kwanu monga wodwala. Komabe, zingakhalenso udindo wanu wachuma.
Ndipo kumbukirani: Ngakhale kuti zikhoza kutsegula mavuto omwe amachititsa kuti mayesero asayesedwe, akhoza kutsegula mwana wanu ku zoopsa zina. Lankhulani moona mtima ndi dokotala wa mwana wanu kuti muthe kupeza zomwe mukufunikira kuti muwonetsetse pangozi zomwe zingakhalepo ndi phindu la kuwunikira kwina.
> Zotsatira:
> Corrado D, Basso C, Pavei A, et al. Zotsatira za Imfa Mwadzidzidzi Imfa M'maseŵera Achinyamata Ovuta Kuchita Masewera Atatha Kukhazikitsa Pulogalamu Yoyesera Kukonzekera. JAMA 2006; 296: 1593.
> Maron, BJ, Thompson, PD, Ackerman, MJ, et al. Malingaliro ndi Malingaliro Okhudzana ndi Kukonzekera Kuwonetsa Kuyeza kwa Maganizo Osavuta Kumalo Othamanga Othamanga: 2007 Kusintha: Scientific Statement kuchokera ku American Heart Association Council pa Zakudya Zakudya, Kuchita Zachilengedwe, ndi Metabolism: Kuvomerezedwa ndi American College of Cardiology Foundation. Kuzungulira kwa 2007; 115: 1643.