Mankhwala a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) ndi amodzi mwa matenda a mtima omwe amagwiridwa ndi imfa mwadzidzidzi m'mathamanga achinyamata. Ndipotu, HCM ndi imodzi mwa matenda omwe amabwera m'magazi, omwe amakhudza mmodzi mwa anthu 500. Ku United States, HCM imapereka 36% za imfa zosayembekezereka zakufa zomwe zimachitika kwa othamanga achinyamata. Komanso, oposa theka la imfa mwadzidzidzi yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi HCM imachitika ku African American.
Anthu omwe ali ndi HCM nthawi zambiri saloledwa kuchita zochitika zonse za masewera, ngakhale ali oletsedwa.
Aliyense amene ali ndi HCM ayenera kudziwa za chiopsezo cha imfa yodzidzimutsa, ndipo ayenera kudziwa za zovomerezeka zomwe akatswiri amavomereza kuti ziyenera kutsatiridwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli.
Kodi Kwenikweni Ndi Maganizo Otani Opatsirana?
HCM ndi chikhalidwe cha mtima chodziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa minofu ya mtima, matenda otchedwa hypertrophy. Matenda a hypertrophy angayambitse mavuto ambiri. Zimapangitsa "kuuma" kochulukira mu ventricle ya kumanzere ya mtima. Zingachititsenso kuti pang'onopang'ono mayendedwe a magazi alowe m'magazi omwe ali kumanzere, kuti azikhala ndi vuto lofanana ndi aortic stenosis . HCM imagwirizananso ndi ntchito yosavuta ya mitral valve .
Zizindikiro izi za HCM zingayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo ndi diastolic mtima kulephera , kapena kuchepa mtima kwa mtima komanso zambiri "zosiyana" za kulephera kwa mtima .
Zingayambitsenso kubwezeretsa mitral , komwe kungapangitse mtima kapena kufooketsa.
Koma zotsatira zoopsya kwambiri za HCM ndizoti zimatha kupanga mtima wa minofu kuti ukhale ndi tacycardia ndi ventricular fibrillation, arrhythmias yomwe ingachititse imfa mwadzidzidzi. Ngakhale kuti malamulowa akhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse, amakhala oterewa nthawi yochita maseĊµera olimbitsa thupi.
Mwamwayi, imfa yadzidzidzi ikhoza kukhala maonekedwe oyambirira a HCM, makamaka achinyamata othamanga. Kuwonetsa kawirikawiri ndi ECG , kapena bwino komabe, echocardiogram, idzavumbulutsira vutoli kwa othamanga ambiri asanathenso kuopseza moyo - koma kuwonetseratu kachitidwe kotereku kwatengedwa kuti ndalama siziletsedwa.
Komabe, wothamanga aliyense wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi wachibale wake amamwalira mwadzidzidzi, kapena yemwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja la HCM, ayenera kufufuzidwa chifukwa cha vutoli. Ndipo ngati atapezeka ndi HCM, ayenera kutsatira zovomerezeka zovomerezeka kwa achinyamata othamanga ndi HCM.
Kodi Ndondomeko Zambiri Zophunzitsira Zomwe Achinyamata Akuthamanga ndi HCM?
Malingana ndi msonkhano wa 36 wa Bethesda wokhudzana ndi zovomerezeka za Ophwimitsa Mpikisano ndi Mavuto Okhudza Mtima, othamanga omwe ali ndi HCM sayenera kutenga nawo mbali masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuphatikizapo masewera otsika kwambiri (monga bowling kapena golf).
Anthu omwe ali ndi HCM omwe sali gulu lokhazikika koma amachita masewera nthawi ndi nthawi amapewe masewera apamwamba kwambiri monga hockey, basketball, ndi masewera osasewera.
Masewera ena omwe amaphatikizapo mwamphamvu kwambiri, komanso masewera otsika kwambiri, angasangalale mosamala.
Izi zimaphatikizapo gofu, ma tenisi, masewera oyambira ndi kusambira.
Zotsatira:
Maron, BJ, Ackerman, MJ, Nishimura, RA, et al. Task Force 4: HCM ndi Other Cardiomyopathies, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Myocarditis, ndi Marfan Syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1340.