Ngakhale atsimikiziridwa ndi olamulira, ena amakayikirabe
Tiyeni tiyambe mwa kunena momveka bwino: Kupsyopsyona kumaonedwa pakati pa njira zopanda ntchito zowonjezera kachilombo ka HIV kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo chiopsezo chimawonedwa paliponse kuchokera pa zosayenerera kuti palibe.
Pakalipano, pakhala pali vuto limodzi lokha, lopanda pake pomwe mayi wina yemwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV adanenedwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, yemwe amamupsompsonetsa nthawi zonse zaka ziwiri, nthawi zambiri utsi wamagazi.
Chomwe chimapangitsa nkhaniyi-yomwe inalembedwa ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) mmbuyo mu 1996-akudandaula kwambiri kuti banjali linanenanso kuti kutha kwa kondomu panthawi yomweyi, idagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a nonoxynol 9 (omwe tsopano akudziwika kuti awonjeze chiopsezo cha HIV kwa amayi), ndipo adawauza kuti ali ndi kugonana ndi kugonana kwakamwa popanda kondomu panthawi ya chibwenzi chawo.
Ngakhale kuti CDC inanena kuti akuganiza kuti kachilombo ka HIV "kanakhala koyambitsa matenda a magazi," sangathe kuvulaza kugonana, kugonana, kapena kugonana.
Pambuyo pa chochitika chimodzichi, sipanakhalepo zolembedwamo zomwe kumpsompsona kokha kunadziwika ngati njira ya kachilombo ka HIV muzochitika zogonana kapena zochitika.
Kukhazikitsa Zokambirana za Kutenga HIV
Ndikofunika kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti pali zinthu zinayi zimene ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti kachilombo ka HIV kadzachitike:
- Payenera kukhala ndi madzi omwe thupi la HIV lingapitirire , monga nyemba, magazi, mazimayi a m'mimba kapena mkaka. HIV siingakhoze kuphulika panja kapena mbali zina za thupi ndi ma asidi ambiri (monga mimba kapena chikhodzodzo) kapena chitetezo cha m'magazi (monga pakamwa).
- Payenera kukhala njira yofalitsira , monga kudzera muzochitika zogonana, magawo amagawana, ntchito , kapena kutumiza kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana .
- Payenera kukhala njira yoti kachilombo kaye kasamalire kamene kali m'kati mwa thupi lanu , mwina kupyola kapena kutuluka kwa khungu, kuyamwa kudzera mu minofu ya mucosal , kapena onse awiri. HIV silingathe kulowa mkati mwa khungu lenileni.
- Payenera kukhala ndi mavitamini okwanira m'thupi la mthupi , chifukwa chake mphutsi, thukuta, ndi misonzi ndizochokera kuti zamoyo zimakhala zochepa chifukwa chiwerengero cha kachilombo ka HIV kamakhala kosavomerezeka.
Malingana ndi mikhalidwe iyi, mwayi woti kachirombo ka HIV kutumizirana mwa kupsyopsyona sikungowonedwa kuti ndi otsika koma wokongola kwambiri sungatheke.
AIDS Phobia ndi Conspiracy Theorists
Pomwe zikunenedwa, pali anthu omwe akuwopabe kuti kachilombo kawotheka kuchokera kumalo osakayika, kuphatikizapo kukhudza, udzudzu, kugawana zinthu zodzikongoletsera, ndi kupsompsona. AIDS phobia , wodwala kachilombo koyambitsa matenda komanso kachilombo ka HIV, amathandiza kwambiri pazikhulupirirozi. Nthawi zina, munthu angapereke chiganizo kuti asamaone ngati ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kapena kachilombo ka HIV.
Kwa anthu awa, uphungu ndi katswiri wodziwa ntchito ungakhale wofunikira komanso psychotherapy kwa iwo omwe akuvutika maganizo kapena kupanikizika kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, ngati munthuyo ali pachiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV kapena mgwirizano wake (madokotala), madokotala angafunike kuganizira za HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) , piritsi kamodzi pa tsiku lomwe lingachepetse chiopsezo cha HIV ndi 90 peresenti.
Tsoka ilo, mitundu iyi ya mantha ndi zikhulupiliro sizing'ono monga momwe munthu angaganizire. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina wa 2011 umene unalembedwa m'nyuzipepala ya AIDS Behavior , pafupifupi 49 peresenti ya anthu a ku Africa muno amakhulupirira kuti kachilombo ka HIV kanasinthidwa ndi CIA, ndipo 68 peresenti imapereka chikhulupiliro chakuti bungwe la US Food and Drug Administration likuletsa mwachangu machiritso a chilengedwe HIV kuti isavomerezedwe.
Zotsatira:
> Bogart, L .; Galvan, F .; Wagner, G; et al. "Kampani Yambiri ya Kachilombo ka HIV Yopanga Zikhulupiriro Zogonana Pakati pa Amuna Achimuna Okhala ndi HIV." AIDS khalidwe. August 2011; 15 (6): 1180-1186.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Kutumiza kachilombo ka HIV mwinamwake Kuyanjana ndi Kuwonetsa Magazi Amagazi ku Magazi Ophatikizidwa." Kuipa ndi Kufa Sabata Lamlungu (MMWR). July 11, 1997; 46 (27); 620-623.