Monga nthenda, myotome ndi chigawo mu thupi chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi mitsempha imodzi ya msana. Kusiyanitsa ndikuti malo amtunduwu ndi malo omwe amatha kuthamanga kupita kubwalo la mitsempha lakati ndi zodziwa za zinthu zomwe mumamva - kutentha, kupweteka, kutentha, thupi lanu, momwe anatambasula minofu yanu, ndi zina zambiri. Komabe, myotomes, ndi malo omwe magalimoto amatha kuyenda pamene akukwaniritsa ntchito zawo zoonetsa minofu yanu kuti igwirizane.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi "mapu," zomwe zimapereka madokotala ndi opaleshoni kuti azindikire - pogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'ana ndi kuyezetsa - mitsempha yeniyeni kapena msana wam'mimba omwe angakhale atasokonezedwa ndi / kapena kuchititsa zizindikiro.
Myotomes ndi dermatomes ndi mbali ya dongosolo la mantha (voluntary) la mitsempha, yomwe ili mbali ya mchitidwe wamanjenje wodalirika. Njira zowopsya ndi zamkati zimalankhulana nthawi zonse.
Mitundu ndi Mitsempha, O!
Selo iliyonse ya minofu m'thupi lanu imasowa thandizo la mitsempha kuti mukhale wathanzi. Popanda kulankhulana pakati pa mitsempha ndi minofu (chinthu chodabwitsa chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri kuti muteteze ziwalo zanu), minofu imayamba kuwonongeka.
Kulankhulana uku kumachitika pamalo ofunikira kwambiri mumaselo a minofu omwe amatchedwa motokoto. Selo la mitsempha, limodzi ndi mapuloteniwa amadziwika kuti khungu la neuromuscular.
Mmodzi wa maselo osungunuka amatha kusokoneza minofu yambiri. Izi zimatchedwa motor unit. Zitsulo zonse zomwe zimagwirizana ndi magalimoto zimagwira ntchito (ntchito) pamene mitsempha yake imachotsedwa. Ndizo zonse kapena zopanda kanthu. Pofuna kupewa minofu ndi mitsempha "kutentha," magalimoto amayendayenda.
Zonsezi zikuchitika pa mlingo wazing'ono, kumbukirani, koma malingana ndi kukula kwa minofu ndi ntchito zomwe zimagwira, maselo a mitsempha amatha kukhala ochepa ngati maselo 6-10 ammimba (kuganiza zala za piyano, kuwaza masamba, kusoka , lembani, kapena minofu yothandizira kuwona, kuthandizira misozi, kukupulumutsani panjira ndi zina.) kwa mazana (ganizirani kumbuyo ndi minofu ya manja, kumene kugwirizana bwino sikofunikira.)
Njira ina yozindikiritsira magalimoto amachokera kumbali ya minofu. Minofu yambiri imakhala ndi mndandanda wosawerengeka wa magalimoto.
Myotomes - Maganizo a Mdziko Lonse
Tsopano kuti mudziwe chomwe galimoto yophatikizapo-kumvetsetsa nthano zowopsya ndi nkhani yowonera zinthu kuchokera kuwonongeka kadziko lonse.
Myotome ndi gulu la minofu mbali imodzi ya thupi yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi mizu imodzi ya mitsempha.
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo pa malo a myotomes (ndi zizindikiro zamkati ) panthawi yoyezetsa thupi. Kuti mudziwe mitsempha yamtsempha yomwe imatha kufooketsa minofu, imayesa mayendedwe amphamvu oyenerera malinga ndi mapu a myotome.
Pansi pa gawo ili ndi tchati chimene chimapatsa maina a mitsempha ndi zochita zomwe amapanga ndi osasamala minofu yodalirika, mwachitsanzo, mapu.
Ndisanayambe kukuwonetsani zimenezi, ndiroleni ndikungonena kuti ndondomeko yowonongeka nthawi zina imakhala yovuta. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngakhale kuti myotomes (kuphatikizapo mankhwala) amakhala "mapu," mwachizoloŵezi, malowa sakhala omveka bwino komanso osiyana. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka, pamene mitsempha imakhala ndi minofu yopanda mphamvu m'madera ena kusiyana ndi omwe amavomereza "mapu".
| Mimba ya msana (Mitsempha) | Ntchito | Mitundu |
|---|---|---|
| C1 & C1 | Kutsekemera Kwambiri | Rectus lateralis, Rectus capitis m'mimba, longus capitis, longus colli , longus cervicus, sternocleidomastoid |
| C3 | Kutsekeka Kwapafupi | Longus capitis, longus cervicus, trapezius, scalenus medius |
| C4 | Mkwatulo | Mphuno, trapezius, levator scapula , scalenus anterior & medius |
| C5 | Kunyamulidwa Pamodzi | Chimake chachikulu cha Rhomboid & chaching'ono, deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres wamng'ono, biceps, scalene anterior & medius |
| C6 | Kutsindika kwa Elbow; Wrist Extension | Serratus anterior, latissiumus dorsi , abambo akuluakulu, apectoralis (mutu wa clavicular) biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachioradialis, supinator, extensor carpi radialis longus, scalenus anterior, medius & posterior |
| C7 | Chithunzi; Kuwonekera Kwamphamvu | Serratus anterior, latissiumus dorsi, wamkulu pectoralis (mutu wosatha), pectoralis wamng'ono, pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, scalenus medius & posterior |
| C8 | Thumb Kusiyana kwa Ulnar | Pectoralis wamkulu (mutu wosatha), pectoralis wamng'ono, triceps, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicus longus, pronator quadratus, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor pollicus longus, opensor pollicus brevis, opensor indicis, abductor pollicus brevis, amatsutsa pollicus, scalenus medius & posterior. |
| T1 | ||
| T2-12 | Osayesedwa | Mitsempha ya Thoracic imayambitsa minofu mu thunthu ndi pamimba, ndipo kawirikawiri sichiyesedwa. |
| L1-2 | Kuthamanga kwa Hip | Psoas, iliacus, sartorius, gracilis, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis |
| L3 | Knee Extension | Quadriceps, adductor longus, magnus & brevis. |
| L4 | Kutsekedwa kwa Ankle | Tibalis anterior, quadriceps, tensor fasciae mochedwa, adductor magnus, obturator kunja, tibialis posterior |
| L5 | Zowonjezeretsa zala | Pulofitali ya hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, gluteus medius & minimus, abturator internus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, peroneus tertius, popliteus |
| S1 | Kupanga Mapanga; Chipulumutso; Hip Extension ,; Kuthamanga Kwamazi | Gastrocnemius, soleus, gluteus maximus, obturator internus, piriformis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, popliteus, peroneus longus & brevis, extensor digitorum brevis |
| S2 | Kuthamanga Kwamazi | Madzi am'madzi a piceform, piriformis, susus, gastrocnemius, flexor digitorum longus, mapulogalamu a hallucis longus, mitsempha ya m'mapazi (kupatula abductor hallcuis), kusintha kwa maulendo a hallucis brevis, flexor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum brevis |
| S3 | Palibe Myotome | |
| S4 | Anal Wink | Minofu pansi ndi chikhodzodzo |
The Myotome Dance
Ngati ndinu mtundu wa munthu yemwe amaphunzira mwa kuchita, ndikukuwonani kuti muwonetse imodzi kapena mavidiyo ena a YouTube omwe ali pansipa. Izi zinapangidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira magulu a magulu a sukulu (ndi gulu limodzi laumoyo) ochokera kuzungulira dziko. Chifukwa chakuti vidiyo iliyonse ili ndi mfundo zolimba komanso zofooka maphunziro, ndibwino kuti muziyang'ana zonsezi. Zindikirani: Ambiri a masewerawa amachitika kumenyedwa kofulumira. Ndikukupemphani kuti muzisunthira pamtunda wanu (makamaka khosi lanu) mukhoza kuthana bwinobwino. Mwinamwake, izi zikutanthauza kupita pang'onopang'ono komanso kuchipatala ophunzira.
Komabe, mavina awa akhoza kukupatsani malingaliro abwino omwe myotomes amachita, ndi chifukwa chake ndi ofunika.
Ndipo nyimbo ndi zabwino, nayenso.
- Amuna a Blue amavina a Myotome
- Kalasi ya Physiology ya Dr. Burke-Doe imavina Bon Jovi
- Austin Community College PTA Kalasi ya 2013 (ndi costume!) (Zindikirani: Ili ndilo tsamba limodzi ndi myotome.)
Zotsatira:
Barkhaus, P., MD, ndi. al. EMG Kuunika kwa Motor Motor Unit - Electrophysiologic Biopsy. Webusaiti ya Masewera. Ndasinthidwa komaliza: Aug 2013. Kupezeka: June 2015. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1846028-overview
Magee, David, J. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 4th Edition. Saunders Elsevier. St. Louis, MO. 2006.