Mphepete ndi chikhalidwe choyambitsa Sarcoptes scabiei, mite. Zimadziwika ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhala zovuta kapena sizikuphatikizidwa ndi mphutsi. Mbalame zimakhudza amuna ndi akazi mofanana, zimawoneka mwa anthu a mibadwo yonse, ndipo zimafalitsidwa kwa anthu amitundu yonse komanso m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipotu, akuti pafupifupi mamiliyoni 300 a scabi amapezeka padziko lonse chaka chilichonse.
Mbalamezi zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndipo sizimayenderana ndi matenda oopsa, ngakhale kuti matenda a khungu kapena kupweteka kumachitika chifukwa chowombera kwambiri komanso chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana.
Zizindikiro
Kuyambitsa mndandanda wa zizindikiro za matenda a scabies ndi kuyabwa kwakukulu komwe kumayambira masiku osakwana miti, koma kungayambe mpaka masabata angapo. Nthawi yopangira makina, nthawi yomwe ili pakati pa mite ndi kuyambira kwa zizindikiro, ndi lalifupi ngati mwakhala mukudwala matendawa.
Kuwotcha kumakhudza kwambiri mavitamini, mabala, ziboda, zala, mawere, matako, kapena mawere, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimakhudza nkhope. Kuyabwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala nthawi zonse koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala koonekera usiku.
Kuwopsya kwa mphere kungaperekedwe ndi mphutsi yooneka yomwe imatha kuoneka ngati mabhungwe ofiira ofiira, okwera, kapena osowa. Mungayambe kukonza khungu ndi zizindikiro zokopa ngati zotsatira za kubwereza khungu lanu mobwerezabwereza.
Zizindikiro zingakhale zovuta ngati mulibe vuto la mite. Ana ang'onoang'ono angakhale ndi mbali yambiri, kuphatikizapo nkhope, mutu, mitengo ya kanjedza, ndi zidutswa, pamene akulu sali.
Mtundu wa mphere wapamwamba, mphere wa ku Norwegian, umadziwika ndi madera otukuka omwe ali ndi nthata zambiri.
Zimayambitsa
Mphungu imayamba chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa mite pakhungu, komwe kumachitika pamene pali kukhudzana khungu ndi khungu ndi munthu amene ali ndi vutoli. Izi zingakhale komanso nthawi zambiri kugonana, koma mitundu yambiri ya kukhudzana ndi khungu imakhala yolumikizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa mphere (monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri). Kupatsa munthu mwamsanga kukumbatira kapena kugwirana chanza sikukuika pa chiopsezo.
Mite sakhala ndi moyo kwautali kuposa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri pazinthu zopanda moyo, kotero sizingatheke kuti zipeze mpherezi pogwira zinthu zomwe zakhudzana ndi munthu yemwe wakhala ndi mphere. Komabe, ngakhale si zachilendo, zobvala kapena zovala zingayambitse matenda atsopano.
Masasitic mite ndi yaying'ono, yochepa kwambiri kuti iwonedwe ndi maso. Miti yaikazi imabisa pansi pa khungu ndipo imayika mazira 10 mpaka 25 iye asanamwalire. Mazira amathyola masiku atatu kenako mphutsi imapita pamwamba pa khungu. Mphungu imakula kufikira anthu akuluakulu masiku 10 mpaka 14.
Kudziwa
Chigamulo cha adokotala nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti ndi mphere , ndipo iye adzalingalira mwachindunji kukhalapo kwa kuyabwa kwakukulu ndi maonekedwe ndi malo a chiphuphu. Mwina mwachiwonekere, mphutsi yanu imakhala yochuluka ngati mumakhala ndi munthu kapena mwakumana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi mphere.
The Rash
Kuthamanga kumene mphutsi zimayambitsa kawirikawiri kumawoneka mofanana ndi ziphuphu zina. Kachilinso, mphere imayamba kuuluka pamtunda, pakati pa zala, m'mimba, m'chiuno, komanso m'mimba. Pamene kuphulika m'madera amenewo sikungotsimikizire kuti ndi mphere, ndizomwe zimadzutsa chiyembekezo chake.
Chiphuphu chimayambitsa mapepala ofiira ndi mapepala ang'onoang'ono omwe amatchulidwa, omwe amatchedwa burrows, omwe amatsindika njira ya mite. Popeza mite siimayenda nthawi zambiri pakakhala khungu, mitsempha imatha kapena imakhala yosaoneka. Kuthamanga kungayambitsenso kutupa kwambiri pakhungu ndi zotupa, kufiira, ndi kuyabwa.
Zithunzi za mphutsi zingakupangitseni inu kudziwa bwino momwe ziphuphu zimatha kuoneka ngati.
Mayesero Opatsirana
Palibenso mayeso abwino omwe angathenso kudziwa za mphere, koma dokotala akhoza kuganizira zochepa za ziphuphuzo ndi kuzifufuza pogwiritsa ntchito microscope kwa nthata kapena mazira oyamwa; khungu lakuda limapanga zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, mite ndi mazira sichiwonetsedwa, ngakhale munthu ali ndi mphere.
Njira zina zamakono zing'onozing'ono zingamuthandize kuti asamvetse bwino.
Chithandizo
Zotsatira zotsatirazi zothandizira zingathandize kuthetsa mphere.
- Chilolezo cha 5% kirimu: Mankhwala oyamba omwe amapezeka kwa anthu ambiri, kuphatikizapo amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena omwe akuyamwitsa ndi ana oposa miyezi iwiri. Ikani izo kuchokera pamwamba pa khosi mpaka kumadontho kwa mapazi pamene mukugona ndipo muzimutsuka m'mawa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti permetrin ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri kwa amayi apakati.
- Ivermectin: Njira ina yochizira koma yosakonzedwa kwa ana olemera pansi pa mapaundi 33. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ena. Mlingo umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito umayesedwa ndi kulemera kwake, ndipo mankhwala amwedwa mlingo umodzi, milungu iwiri padera. Panopa sichivomerezedwa ndi a FDA kuti azitha kulandira mphere, koma pali maphunziro omwe amasonyeza kuti ndi othandiza, ndipo Centers for Disease Control (CDC) amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwa anthu omwe samapanga chithandizo cha mphere zomwe ziri FDA amavomerezedwa.
- Mafuta onunkhira (odzaza sulfa): Njira ina yowonjezera yachiwiri kwa amayi apakati. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chithandizo choyamba cha ana obadwa kumene osakwana miyezi iwiri.
Mankhwala amagwira ntchito mwa kupha nthata, koma amakhalabe pakhungu mpaka thupi liwathyola ndi kuwatenga. Ntchitoyi ikhoza kutenga pafupifupi masabata anai, ndipo ndiwowopsa kuti mphere ziwoneke bwino kwambiri. Matenda a steroid omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kumadera ovutitsa ndi olankhula antihistamines , monga Benadryl (diphenhydramine Hcl), angathandize kuchepetsa kuyabwa.
Kupewa
Monga tafotokozera, njira yabwino yopezera mphere ndi kupewa kupezeka pafupi ndi omwe ali nawo. Izi zimati, matenda ambiri amapezeka m'mimba mwa munthu wina asanadziwe kuti athandizidwapo.
Ngati mwakhala mukuyandikirana kwambiri ndi munthu amene watulukira kuti ali ndi scabies, muyenera kuchitiranso chithandizo-kaya mukuonetsa zizindikiro za mphere kapena ayi. Kawirikawiri, mabanja onse amachiritsidwa ngakhale munthu mmodzi yekha ali ndi mphere. Ngati wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akuyamikira kulandira banja lanu lonse, aliyense ayenera kulandira chithandizo pa nthawi yomweyo.
Zovala zonse, zogona, ndi talasi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi mphere ziyenera kutsukidwa m'madzi otentha ndi zouma pamoto wouma. Kutentha kwakukulu kumawononga mite, kuteteza izo kufalikira. Ngati simungathe kuchapa zinthu zina, mungathe kupewa kukhudzana ndi kuziika mu thumba la pulasitiki kwa masiku atatu kuti muwawononge. Mite ikhoza kupulumuka miyezi pa thupi la munthu, koma kwa masiku angapo pa zinthu, zomwe zimayesa kuthetsa zinthu zogwira ntchito ngati zikuchitidwa bwino.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati muli ndi mphere, kuyabwa ndi kuthamanga kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Mukhoza kupeza mofulumira komanso molimbika ngati mutalandira chithandizo chamankhwala mutangodziwa kuti mwina mwadzidzidzi, kapena mukangoyamba kuwona zizindikiro za chikhalidwe-chomwe chimabwera poyamba.
Pakhoza kukhala nkhanza zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mphere, ambiri samadziwa momwe zimayambira. Ngati izi zikukukhudzani, mungapeze kuti zingakhale zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe mwapeza ndi zomwe zingakhudze, fotokozani zomwe mukuchita kuti muteteze malo omwe munagawana nawo, ndikukambirana zomwe mwaphunzira ponena za momwe zingakhalire mosavuta izo zikhoza kufalikira.
> Zotsatira:
> Arlian LG, Morgan MS. Kupenda kwa Sarcoptes scabiei: akale, amakono komanso amtsogolo. Vectors Vuto. 2017 Jun 20; 10 (1): 297. lembani: 10.1186 / s13071-017-2234-1.
> CDC. Mphungu. Zothandizira Ophunzira Zaumoyo, Mankhwala.
> Micali G, Lacarrubba F, Verzì AE, Chosidow O, Schwartz RA. Mphungu: Kupita Patsogolo pa Kusadziwika Kwambiri. PLoS Ndondomeko Yosavuta. 2016 Jun 16; 10 (6): e0004691. lembani: 10.1371 / magazini.pntd.0004691. eCollection 2016 Jun.